Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm phab ntsa rwb thaiv tsev nrog sawdust, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem raws li hmoov av, cov cai rau xaiv cov khoom siv rau kev tsim txheej txheej insulating, txheej txheem ntawm kev tso cov khoom. Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm phab ntsa nrog sawdust yog siv cov ntoo txiav ntoo pov tseg los tsim ib txheej rwb thaiv tsev rau kev faib. Cov xoob xoob yog ib puag ncig zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev lag luam. Tom qab kev kho mob tshwj xeeb, cov khoom me me tau txais cov khoom tiv thaiv zoo thiab tau siv ntev los khaws cov cua sov hauv ib chav. Cov hluav taws xob cua sov niaj hnub tau hloov cov hmoov av, tab sis txoj hauv kev no tseem muaj neeg nyiam nyob hauv tus kheej. Hauv kab lus no, peb yuav txiav txim siab ib qho kev xaiv rau tsim kev tiv thaiv txheej txheej raws li cov khoom no.
Nta ntawm kev siv sawdust rau rwb thaiv tsev phab ntsa
Sawdust yog ntoo pov tseg uas tau tom qab pom. Cov xoob xoob tau suav tias yog kev tiv thaiv thoob ntiaj teb, tab sis feem ntau siv hauv tsev ib-zaj dab neeg, saunas thiab tsev nrog nthab.
Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog nchuav cov txheej tuab ntawm cov khib nyiab lossis sib xyaw raws nws rau hauv qhov qhib sab hauv ntawm cov qauv lossis npog cov khoom faib tawm sab nraud. Kev thaiv phab ntsa nrog sawdust tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm txhua theem ntawm kev tsim kho thiab ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev.
Hauv qee kis, ntxuav cov ntoo sawdust ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws kub, piv txwv li, yog tias cov khoom faib tau siab heev thiab tsis muaj hluav taws txuas hniav. Thaum muaj qhov hluav taws kub tshwm tuaj, muaj kev sib zog ntxiv tshwm sim, ua rau muaj hluav taws sib kis sai. Thaum tso cov hlua hluav taws xob, teeb tsa lub qhov (socket) thiab hloov pauv, cov xov hlau yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo thaiv.
Rau phab ntsa rwb thaiv tsev, siv cov khoom ntshiab lossis sib xyaw nrog lwm yam khoom los hloov nws cov khoom thiab txhim kho qhov tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, txhawm rau txuas ntxiv kev pab lub neej, cov khoom pov tseg tau muab tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua hluav taws thiab lwm yam txhais tau tias.
Qee qhov thev naus laus zis cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim cov thav duab los tuav lub insulating "ncuav qab zib", uas ua rau nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm, tab sis tib lub sijhawm txo tus nqi nyiaj txiag ntawm kev kho dua.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm phab ntsa rwb thaiv tsev nrog sawdust
Plua plav tau ntev tau suav tias yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau insulate lub tsev. Qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev cais tawm no suav nrog:
- Qhov tsis muaj cov khoom tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg. Txhawm rau npaj cov tshuaj, cov khoom siv ntuj tsim tau siv, xws li av nplaum, xuab zeb, txiv qaub, sawn ntoo pov tseg.
- Tus nqi qis. Cov nqi yuav tsuas yog mus rau kev xa cov khoom siv raw.
- Kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm txheej txheej sawdust.
- Tsis tas yuav muaj kev paub dhau los nrog cov ntaub ntawv no. Tsis tas yuav siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los ua haujlwm.
- Tsawg heev thermal conductivity ntawm insulating "ncuav qab zib". Cov khoom zoo li no dhau los ntawm cov ntoo tawv.
Qhov kev rho tawm no muaj tus lej tsis zoo. Cov khoom hauv qab no suav tias yog qhov tsis txaus siab tshaj plaws:
- Sawdust kub hnyiab tau zoo thiab yog cov khoom siv uas muaj kev phom sij ntau ntxiv.
- Lawv dhau los ua chaw nkaum rau nas, thiab tau puas tsuaj sai sai los ntawm cov kab mob thiab pwm.
- Cov rwb thaiv tsev txheej tau nqaim, nws yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas nws cov xwm txheej tas li thiab sau cov voids.
- Cov hmoov av sai sai nqus dej noo. Cov yeeb yaj kiab tsis muaj dej, cov pa-permeable xav tau los tiv thaiv cov khoom.
Phab ntsa rwb thaiv tsev thev naus laus zis nrog sawdust
Nws tsis yooj yim los muab cov ntaub npog uas ua los ntawm cov khoom siv ntau rau sab ntsug. Kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum ua nruj ua raws cov haujlwm ib txwm ua, txwv tsis pub cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj yuav tsawg. Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog yuav ua li cas kom insulate phab ntsa nrog sawdust tau muab hauv qab no.
Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv
Txhawm rau kom sov tawm ntawm phab ntsa, siv tsuas yog cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los tsim cov txheej tiv thaiv. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no tuaj yeem pab tau thaum xaiv cov khoom xyaw:
- Ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv rau insulating phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev nrog sawdust yog qhuav backfill. Hauv qhov no, pov tseg los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntoo yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, qhov uas lawv ua haujlwm tsuas yog siv ntoo zoo, tsis muaj rot thiab kab.
- Txhawm rau npaj cov tshuaj sawdust nrog cov cement, cov hmoov av tau txais ib xyoos dhau los xav tau. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb yuav tawm ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas tsis tso cai rau cov cement ua raws cov khoom tawg yooj yim.
- Pov tseg cov tawv nyoos. Nws muaj ntau cov kab uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntoo puas.
- Sawdust tuaj ntau qhov sib txawv. Cov feem uas me me dhau lawm yog hnyav thiab muaj plua plav thaum sib sau ua ke. Cov khoom loj tsis khaws cua sov zoo, thiab ntau cov cement nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj. Vim tib yam, tsis txhob yuav cov quav. Cov ntu ntawm qhov loj me, tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo, suav tias yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.
- Cov khoom siv ci tshaj plaws yog los ntawm cov ntoo coniferous. Nws muaj cov tshuaj uas ua kom pwm thiab kab mob tawm. Cov tshuaj hnyav dua tseem nyob tom qab txiav cov ntoo txiav thiab cov txiv ntoo.
- Txhawm rau tiv thaiv da dej, pov tseg ntawm larch lossis ntoo qhib sib xyaw nrog tshauv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Qhov sib xyaw no tiv taus cov dej noo zoo.
- Xaiv cov av nplaum rau cov tshuaj khib, nws ua rau cov voids zoo. Nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kev rub cov pob hauv koj txhais tes. Nws yog nplua raws li xab npum thiab pliable rau qhov kov.
- Cov khib nyiab tau los ntawm kev pom lossis ua cov ntoo ntuj tsim nyog rau bookmarking. Tsis txhob siv cov plua plav chipboard, MDF, OSB thiab lwm yam khoom siv rau cov rooj tog tsim khoom, uas suav nrog tshuaj ntxiv. Yog vim li cas yog cov feem me me dhau, ua haujlwm nws yog hmoov av.
Kev npaj ua haujlwm
Ua ntej insulating phab ntsa nrog sawdust, tshuaj xyuas qhov muab faib thiab txiav txim siab qhov ua tau ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem no ntawm rwb thaiv tsev. Nws tau tso cai los npog tsuas yog cov qauv uas tau ua los ntawm cov khoom ua pa. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov khoom uas thaiv cov pa - polyethylene, cov khoom siv hauv tsev, rubimast.
Ua cov haujlwm hauv qab no:
- Ntxuav qhov saum npoo av. Nco ntsoov tias tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus ntse uas tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj rau cov pa membrane.
- Npog cov ntoo ntoo nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm ya raws, kab thiab hluav taws.
- Sau qhov khoob thiab qhib.
- Yog hais tias lub rwb thaiv tsev tau npaj yuav tsum tau siv lub crate, npog phab ntsa nrog cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv dej nrog cov khoom ua pa nkag tau.
Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv cov ntoo txiav ntoo pov tseg yam tsis tau npaj ua ntej, lawv yuav ua tsis tiav sai.
Kho cov hmoov av raws li hauv qab no:
- Saturate cov tshuaj nrog cov neeg tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv nws los ntawm rot, fungus, kab, nas thiab hluav taws. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, npog nrog yas qhwv hauv qab lub canopy. Muab ib txheej ntawm sawdust rau nws, ntxiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab do. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrov tshaj plaws yog tooj liab sulfate thiab boric acid. Lawv tau ntxiv rau hauv qhov sib piv qhia hauv cov khw muag khoom cov lus qhia. Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv tooj liab sulphate yog tias da dej thiab sauna raug rwb thaiv tsev, vim tias thaum ua kom sov, cov tshuaj muab tawm cov pa phem.
- Qhuav cov khoom siv raw, ntxiv cov nplaim hluav taws thiab rov ua haujlwm. Tos kom huab cua qhuav thiab ntxiv cov slaked txiv qaub los tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kab thiab nas. Nqa cov khoom sib xyaw hauv 5 feem ntawm sawdust mus rau 1 feem ntawm txiv qaub. Sib tov cov tshuaj kom huv si.
- Yog tias txheej txheej qhuav tau npaj tseg, cov sawdust tau ua kom qhuav tag. Cov txheej txheem feem ntau yog ua thaum lub caij ntuj sov. Ncuav cov sib tov xoob nyob hauv qab ntoo kom lub hnub tsis poob. Koj tsis tuaj yeem npog nws nrog ntawv ci. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab sib xyaw ua ntu zus. Los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg, ib feem me me ntawm cov piam thaj yuav nyob hauv nws, uas txo qhov muaj feem yuav lwj.
- Tshem tawm cov khoom tawg loj, nws raug nquahu kom hla cov khoom los ntawm lub lauj kaub.
- Sawdust rau kev daws teeb meem yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav.
Sau sab hauv kab noj hniav nrog sawdust
Thaum txhim tsa lub tsev thav duab, feem ntau feem ntau yog ua los ntawm ob txheej ntawm cov laug cam, thiab qhov qhib qhov qhib tau ntim nrog cov khoom siv ntau. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv hmoov av los ntawm cov pa tawm ntawm chav sov, iav lossis lwm yam rwb thaiv tsev tau muab tso rau ntawm phab ntsa los ntawm sab hauv. Qhov khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khawm tau npaj ntau txoj hauv kev.
Txhawm rau rov ua kom qhuav, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los npaj cov khoom sib xyaw hauv cov hauv qab no: 90% cov ntoo qhuav qhuav thiab 10% txiv qaub-fluff kom ntshai cov nas tsuag. Do cov khoom xyaw kom txog thaum sib tov tau homogeneous. Backfill phab ntsa nrog sawdust mus rau sab saum toj nrog kev sib cog me me. Tom qab ib ntus, qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke no ua rau muaj kev nqaim loj, yog li nce phab ntsa 200-300 hli siab dua qib uas tau npaj tseg thiab ua kom tiav nrog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Tom qab nqaim, qhov hnyav ntxiv yuav tiv thaiv qhov tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Txhawm rau kaw qhov khoob hauv qab ntawm lub qhov rais, ua kom lub qhov rais tuaj yeem thim tau.
Txhawm rau zam kev nqaim, cov tshuaj tau ntxiv rau cov ntoo sawdust uas tawv dhau lub sijhawm. Txoj kev daws yog npaj los ntawm cov hmoov av me ntsis thiab cov khoom sib xyaw. Qhov sib xyaw nrov ntawm 85% sawdust, 10% lime-fluff thiab 5% gypsum. Koj tuaj yeem siv lwm qhov kev sib xyaw: 1 feem sawdust, 0, 3 ntu gypsum lossis av hauv av thiab 2 ntu dej; 1 feem sawdust, 0, 4 ntu gypsum thiab 2 ntu dej.
Hloov chaw ntawm cov kua qaub, cov kua qaub qaub qee zaum ntxiv, tab sis lawv siv ob zaug ntau dua, txo qhov feem pua ntawm cov dej.
Npaj cov ntub dej rov qab raws li hauv qab no: hloov pauv hliv sawdust thiab cov tshuaj tsw qab rau hauv lub thoob ntim thiab sib tov ua ntej qhuav, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv tom qab ntxiv dej. Qhov loj yuav tsum tau muab tso sai sai rau hauv qhov chaw ib txwm muaj thiab maj mam tamped. Tom qab 3-5 lub lis piam, cov insulator yuav ua kom nruj.
Tso sawdust rau ntawm tus ncej
Nws yog teeb meem los txuas txheej tuab ntawm sawdust mus rau saum npoo, yog li cov thav duab tau ua. Qhov ntev ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab lub qab nthab yuav tsum sib npaug rau cov tuab ntawm insulating txheej. Cov kev tsim kho yog tsim los ntawm cov laug cam kho nrog ntu ntawm 100x50 mm. Nrog rwb thaiv tsev sab hauv, lub thav duab yog ua los ntawm txhuas profile, uas cov phab ntsa ntub dej raug kho.
Rau cov tsev uas muaj thaj tsam ntawm 28-35 m2, tsim rau kev nyob ib ntus nyob rau lub caij ntuj no nrog dej txias ntawm 15-20 degrees, txheej rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum yog 15 cm. Ua neej nyob mus ib txhis, nce nws mus rau 25-30 cm.
Kev suav suav nrog qhov loj me ntawm phab ntsa kabmob, cov cua sov ua kom sov ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm qhov nws tau tsim, qhov sib npaug ntawm huab cua puag ncig ntawm cheeb tsam. Qhov tshwm sim yuav tsum sib npaug rau qhov tsim nyog tau txais rau koj thaj chaw. Cov cim ntsuas uas ploj lawm raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev nce txheej rwb thaiv tsev.
Txhawm rau sau cov seem, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov dej ntub sib xyaw ntawm cov ntoo sawdust (10 feem), cov cement (1 feem) thiab dej (5-10 feem). Qhov ntim ntawm cov kua nyob ntawm cov dej noo ntawm cov ntoo sawdust.
Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Tuav sawdust thiab xis mas qhuav hauv lub khob huv. Cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau yog tias muaj cov qhob tov.
- Ncuav ib co dej rau hauv lub khob thiab sib tov kom huv si. Hauv kev daws teeb meem tiav, hmoov av yuav tsum tau smeared nrog cov cement. Nws tau txiav txim siab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum nws tsis tawg tom qab raug tuav hauv nrig. Yog tias cov dej ntws tawm thiab cov pob tawg sib nrug, ntxiv cov quav los yog tawm mus rau 24 teev kom ua kua tawm.
- Teem qhov sib xyaw hauv txheej ntawm 20-30 cm nrog tamping. Ua kev sib khi nrog qhov ua tau zoo, txwv tsis pub yuav muaj qhov khoob los ntawm qhov cua sov khiav tawm.
- Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm qhov kub ntawm + 20 + 25 degrees yuav pib hauv 1-2 lub lis piam thiab kav ib hlis. Lub sijhawm no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau muab huab cua ntshiab nkag mus rau ntawm phab ntsa thiab tswj kev nqaim ntawm qhov sib xyaw. Yog voids tshwm, sau lawv nrog cov tshuaj qub. Txhawm rau kom lub sijhawm ziab kom luv, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los ua haujlwm thaum lub caij ntuj sov.
Hloov chaw ntawm cov dej sib tov, cov cell tuaj yeem ntim nrog cov ntoo qhuav qhuav qhuav, ua ntu zus. Tsis tas li, kua nplaum raws carboxymethyl cellulose tau ntxiv rau cov hmoov av qhuav rau qhov hnyav. Qhov tshwm sim yog cov nplaim hluavtaws uas tsis ntsws thiab khaws cua sov zoo.
Tom qab sau cov cell, cov ntawv plywood tau txuas rau racks ntawm lub crate (los ntawm txoj kev ib sab), thiab cov khoom cua tiv thaiv tau txuas rau nws. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tsim kom muaj qhov cua nkag. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, txhim kho 40x40 mm tuab slats rau plywood, uas cov cladding raug ntsia hlau - siding lossis thaiv lub tsev.
Hloov chaw ntawm cov thav duab ruaj khov, tshem tawm cov vaj huam sib luag nrog qhov siab ntawm 1000 hli tuaj yeem siv tau. Lawv nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov dej ntws ntawm tus thav duab, tsim kab noj hniav ntawm 200-250 hli raws cov phab ntsa tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev. Sau qhov sib txawv nrog cov dej sib tov sib xyaw thiab cog nws. Tom qab ziab, tshem tawm cov laug cam, teeb tsa lawv ntawm cov ntawv khov uas twb muaj lawm thiab kho lawv. Tom qab ntawd rov ua haujlwm.
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm phab ntsa nrog plaster
Ib qho tshuaj khib ntawm hmoov av thiab av nplaum tuaj yeem ua rau ntawm phab ntsa yam tsis muaj crate, yog tias cov khoom siv tau xaiv raug. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, npaj cov ntaub ntawv hauv qhov faib ua feem: 2/3 thoob ntawm sawdust rau 1 thoob ntawm av nplaum.
Ua haujlwm hauv kab ntawv hauv qab no:
- Ncuav av nplaum rau hauv lub thawv loj thiab npog nrog dej hauv qhov sib piv 1: 1. Cia nws tsau rau ib hnub.
- Do sib tov kom txog thaum tus. Ntxiv dej yog tias tsim nyog thiab cia zaum dua rau 5-6 teev.
- Txhawm rau sib xyaw av nrog sawdust, koj xav tau 150-200 cm siab rimmed trough. Ncuav cov khoom xyaw rau ib feem rau hauv nws thiab sib tov. Kev ua haujlwm yuav nrawm dua yog tias koj siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke.
Txoj hauv kev thov kev sib xyaw yog nyob ntawm qhov tsim ntawm kev faib.
Ua ntej teeb tsa lub insulator sib dhos beacons ntawm phab ntsa poob. Pov rau hauv cov tshuaj thiab qib nrog lub trowel. Nws yuav ua kom ntseeg tau ntau dua yog tias cov nplaim tau npog nrog cov kab mob shingles. Qhov kev tsim no tuaj yeem tuav ib txheej tsis ntau tshaj 30 hli tuab. Tom qab sawdust tau qhuav, npog nrog cov xuab zeb-cement mortar, thiab tom qab ntawd nrog plaster.
Installation ntawm sawdust blocks
Sawdust thiab binder tuaj yeem siv los ua txhav txhav rau phab ntsa cladding. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws rau kev ua haujlwm slabs nrog qhov ntev ntawm 50x50 lossis 70x70 cm nrog tuab 5-10 cm.
Txhawm rau npaj cov cib, koj yuav xav tau ntoo ntoo ntawm qhov xav tau loj.
Kev ua haujlwm yog ua raws cov hauv qab no:
- Npaj 1: 1 sib tov ntawm sawdust thiab av nplaum. Cov txheej txheem tau piav qhia hauv ntu dhau los.
- Muab cov plywood tso rau ntawm lub tiaj tiaj thiab npog nrog yas qhwv.
- Teem cov duab nyob saum.
- Sau cov cell nrog qhov sib tov thiab muab ntim. Txiav tawm qhov nthuav tawm loj nrog txoj cai yaug nrog cov phab ntsa ntawm daim ntawv.
- Tawm qhov khoob ib pliag kom txog thaum tawv, tom qab ntawd tshem tawm cov pwm. Kev txias ntxiv yuav tshwm sim yam tsis muaj nws.
- Hloov cov ntawv uas tsis nyob hauv ib qho chaw tshiab thiab rov ua haujlwm dua.
- Cov khoom lag luam tsis tuaj yeem qhuav hauv lub hnub, tsuas yog nyob hauv qab daus. Yog tias koj tso cov ntawv ua haujlwm qhib, cov av nplaum yuav tawg. Blocks qhuav rau 4-5 lub lis piam.
- Txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom lag luam nrog tuab ntawm 100 hli, txhim kho lub laj kab ntawm tib tuab rau phab ntsa. Muab cov thaiv nruab nrab ntawm cov kab thav duab thiab nias lawv nrog cov tuav uas tau ntsia rau ntawm tus ncej ncej.
- Yog tias cov thaiv tau tuab 300-400 mm, lawv tau muab tso rau ntawm cov av nplaum-xuab zeb sib tov zoo li kev ua cib, tawm ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm 70-100 mm rau qhov muab faib. Tom qab cov rwb thaiv tsev tau nce mus rau qhov siab ntawm 1000 hli, sau qhov qhib nrog nthuav av nplaum. Tsa cov insulator ntxiv 1000 hli thiab rov ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem xaus thaum tag nrho cov qauv raug npog.
- Thaum kawg ntawm cov txheej txheem, ua cov nplais nrog cov cement mortar.
Yuav ua li cas insulate phab ntsa nrog sawdust - saib cov vis dis aus:
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm phab ntsa nrog sawdust yog qhov hnyav dua piv rau kev siv cov insulators ua ntej. Tab sis qhov txiaj ntsig yuav ua rau tus tswv xav tsis thoob, thiab lub sijhawm siv rau kev ua haujlwm yuav tsis muaj kev khuv leej.
