Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub ntsej muag rwb thaiv tsev nrog cov sib xyaw plaster, dab tsi yog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev no, yuav npaj cov tshuaj koj tus kheej li cas, thev naus laus zis ntawm nws daim ntawv thov rau phab ntsa. Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ntsej muag nrog cov plaster yog pob nyiaj siv thiab cov txheej txheem nrov ntawm cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov phab ntsa uas siv cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb xis mas. Nws tsis muaj cov xuab zeb zoo tib yam, tab sis perlite lossis nthuav av nplaum, nrog rau sawdust, hmoov av, ntawv thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Txoj kev tiv thaiv no tseem hu ua "ntub dej facade".
Nta ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ntsej muag nrog cov plaster sov
Tsis ntev los no, qhov hu ua "sov plaster" tau dhau mus thoob plaws cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev cua sov. Ntawm lub plawv ntawm qhov sib xyaw no yog cov cement mortar uas tau muab cov kua nplaum ntxiv. Qhov kawg yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb hauv qab no:
- Hydrophobicity … Pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob ya raws ntawm lub façade.
- Vapor permeability … Cov dej ua pa yuav tsum dhau los ntawm cov khoom thiab tsis ua kom sib xyaw.
- Tsawg thermal conductivity … Qhov zoo no pab cov khoom kom sov.
Tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig no tau ua tiav los ntawm cov khoom ntxeem tau, uas ua rau lub plaster ua pa thiab tsis cia cua txias thiab noo noo hla mus. Yog li ntawd, vermiculite (lub teeb ntxhia pob zeb), nthuav polystyrene, pumice hmoov, nthuav av nplaum crumbs, sawdust, ntawv tuaj yeem ua tus muab tub lim. Rau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ntsej muag, plaster feem ntau yog siv nrog ntxiv ntawm pumice, nthuav av nplaum thiab nthuav polystyrene. Kev sib xyaw nrog tus so ntawm cov muab tub lim feem ntau yog siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Cov plaster sov tau txais nws cov koob npe vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb. Siv tsuas yog ib yam khoom siv hauv lub moj khaum ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, koj tuaj yeem tau txais rwb thaiv tsev zoo ntawm lub ntsej muag, suab nrov thiab tiv thaiv dej, thiab ua kom zoo nkauj sab nrauv tiav.
Raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev, cov yas sov tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua tiav txawm tias cov ntsej muag uas tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov ntsiab lus zoo nkauj. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau siv los thaiv cov qhov rai nqes hav thiab cov qhov rooj thaiv, sab hauv thiab sab nrauv phab ntsa, cov dej ntws nce, cov kav dej, cov plag tsev, qab nthab, thiab ntau dua.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub ntsej muag thaiv nrog plaster
Txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag los ntawm plaster yog yooj yim heev, pob nyiaj siv thiab tsis xav tau kev ua haujlwm hnyav.
Cia peb xav txog qhov zoo ntawm txoj hauv kev no:
- Cov txheej txheem thov yooj yim. Kev nplaum zoo heev ntawm cov nplaum sov sov tau tshwm nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias nws "lo" rau yuav luag txhua hom nto. Cov khoom yuav tsis poob lossis tawg yog tias txhua qhov haujlwm teeb tsa tau ua tiav raws li txoj cai.
- Tsis xav tau kev npaj ua haujlwm nyuaj. Koj tsis tas yuav tshem tawm qhov tsis xws ntawm phab ntsa ua ntej, vim cov khoom siv hauv txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev yog yas heev thiab tuaj yeem ua nws tus kheej ua tus neeg saib xyuas qib.
- Kev kub ceev ntawm plastering. Cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev nrog plaster tsis txawv ntau los ntawm ib txwm siv plastering ntawm phab ntsa. Koj tuaj yeem thov cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus kheej, lossis koj tuaj yeem siv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb los siv cov txheej txheem.
- Txoj hauv kev yog tsim rau kev ua tiav cov carved ntsej muag zoo nkauj. Nws yog qhov ua tau los hais txog lub ntsiab ntawm cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj saum npoo nrog plaster. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov tsis xws luag tsis xws luag, tsis xws luag, tawg, chips tuaj yeem tshem tawm tau yooj yim.
- Tsis muaj cov choj txias. Txij li cov khoom siv hluav taws kub-insulating yuav tsis muaj pob qij txha, tsis tuaj yeem muaj kab nrib pleb los ntawm qhov txias lossis dej noo tuaj yeem nkag mus ib yam.
Ib qho ntxiv, cov khoom siv no yog ib puag ncig zoo nyob rau hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej kub. Nws yuav tsis hlawv, smolder, decompose, khov, vim nws muaj cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Cov nas los yog cov kab mob me me yuav tsis pib hauv cov yas.
Siv plaster rau rwb thaiv tsev, koj tseem daws qhov teeb meem ntawm rwb thaiv tsev suab thiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub ntsej muag. Txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag no tuaj yeem siv tau txawm tias hauv tsev kho mob thiab tsev haujlwm pej xeem rau menyuam yaus. Ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev no ntawm kev tiv thaiv cua sov, nws tsim nyog hais txog cov hauv qab no:
- Lub ntsej muag insulated nrog plaster yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog txheej ua ntej, pleev xim, vim cov khoom siv cua sov no tsis tuaj yeem ua cov khoom tiav.
- Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los thov "plaster sov" tsuas yog rau ntawm qhov chaw qhuav, vim nws tsis tuaj yeem yog cov khoom siv huv.
- Cov coefficient ntawm thermal conductivity ntawm plaster yog ob peb zaug siab dua li ntawm ntau lwm cov cua sov. Nws nruab nrab 0.6-0.8 W / (m ° C). Yog li, cov plaster yog kwv yees li ob zaug txias dua li cov ua npuas polystyrene extruded. Yog li ntawd, kom muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo, nws txheej yuav tsum yog ib thiab ib nrab mus rau ob zaug tuab dua thaum siv lwm cov ntaub ntawv.
- Txhawm rau ua lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub tsev sab nrauv nrog plaster, yuav tsum muaj lub hauv paus ruaj khov ntawm lub tsev. Cov khoom muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom, lossis nthuav polystyrene 10 zaug ntau dua. Tsis yog txhua lub hauv paus muaj peev xwm txhawb nqa qhov hnyav ntxiv no.
- Txhawm rau kom khaws cov cua sov kom zoo dua, nws raug nquahu kom siv rwb thaiv tsev sab nraum thiab sab hauv tsev, vim tias txheej yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 50 hli, thiab qhov no, raws li txoj cai, tsis txaus nyob rau lub caij ntuj no hnyav rau kev tiv thaiv cua sov zoo. Yog tias plaster tau tso rau hauv txheej tuab, tom qab ntawd nws yuav xaub lossis poob tawm ntawm phab ntsa hauv nws qhov hnyav.
Cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov khoom siv rau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ntsej muag tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov muab tub lim thiab lub npe. Yog li, qee cov plasters tsis xav tau pleev xim lossis lwm yam kev ua tiav, txawm li cas los xij, lawv tus nqi yuav siab dua li qhov zoo ib yam.
Yuav ua li cas kom sov plaster nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes
Plaster rau insulating facades yog cov khoom uas koj tuaj yeem npaj tau yooj yim koj tus kheej siv cov khoom pheej yig uas muag hauv txhua lub khw muag khoom kho vajtse.
Muaj ntau ntau yam zaub mov txawv rau ua plaster rau rwb thaiv tsev phab ntsa, uas sib txawv hauv kev sib xyaw thiab sib piv:
- Plaster raws cov khoom siv ntuj tsim … Cov tshuaj no yog tsim rau insulating facades hauv thaj chaw uas muaj huab cua sov haum. Txhawm rau npaj nws, koj yuav xav tau cov khoom siv hauv qab no: cov cement (0, 2 ntu), av nplaum (1 feem), ntawv pulp (2 ntu), sawdust (3 ntu). Yuav tsum muaj dej ntau thiaj li ua tiav qhov sib xyaw ua ke zoo ib yam rau cov tshuaj txhuam thiab nws yooj yim los thov nws rau ntawm phab ntsa nrog tus nplawm.
- Plaster nrog perlite lossis vermiculite … Ntxiv cov khoom xyaw hauv qab no ua ntu zus mus rau lub khob ntim: cement M400 (1 feem), vermiculite lossis perlite xuab zeb (4 ntu), yas yas. Qhov tom kawg tuaj yeem yog PVA kua nplaum ntawm tus nqi 50 grams ntawm ib lub thoob ntawm cov cement. Ntxiv dej los ntawm qhov muag kom qhov sib tov yog pasty.
- Plaster nrog perlite thiab nthuav polystyrene … Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ntsej muag nrog cua sov-insulating plaster npaj raws li daim ntawv qhia no yog suav tias yog qhov haum tshaj rau lub caij ntuj no. Npaj thiab sib xyaw cov khoom hauv qab no: cov cement (1 feem), cov xuab zeb perlite (3 ntu), cov yas uas tau npaj ua tiav hauv qhov nyiaj tau qhia ntawm pob, nthuav dav polystyrene nrog ntu me me ntawm 1-3 mm (1 ntu), polypropylene fiber (50 grams). Ntxiv dej kom tau txais cov tuab tuab sib xws thiab sib tov kom huv nrog cov khoom siv tov khoom.
Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas tias qhov sib xyaw tau npaj tau raug los ntawm kev thov ib qho me me rau hauv trowel thiab tig nws dua. Yog tias cov tshuaj tsis tau poob tawm, tom qab ntawd nws tau npaj siv. Tib txoj hauv kev los tshuaj xyuas kev npaj ntawm cov plaster tuaj yeem siv rau kev yuav khoom sib xyaw los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom.
Facade rwb thaiv tsev tshuab nrog plaster
Ua ntawv thov plaster sov rau ntawm phab ntsa tsis nyuaj dua li cov plaster qub. Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob txoj hauv kev no. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog txhawm rau tuav cov tuab txheej ntawm cov tshuaj khib rau hauv phab ntsa txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau ua kom pom qhov zoo tshaj ntawm cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev.
Muab xam los ntawm cov khoom siv rau rwb thaiv tsev facade
Txhawm rau kom tau txais qib zoo ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev cua sov rau ntawm "txias" phab ntsa ua los ntawm cov cib, txhawb kev ua vaj tse nyob rau sab qaum teb latitudes, koj yuav xav tau txheej txheej ntawm plaster, uas yuav sib npaug li tsawg kawg 10 centimeters ntawm polystyrene ua npuas ncauj. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws cov tuab yuav tsum yog li 20 centimeters lossis ntau dua.
Hauv kev xyaum, txawm li cas los xij, txheej txheej tsis tuaj yeem siv tau. Nws qhov siab tshaj plaws yuav tsum yog 5 centimeters ntawm txhua sab ntawm phab ntsa. Yog li ntawd, txheej txheem txheej txheem yuav tsuas yog pab txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub tsev. Peb tsis tham txog kev tsim kom muaj lub npe hu ua "lub tsev sov" uas yog siv cov yas sov xwb. Kev siv cov khoom siv yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab suav nrog:
- Rau txheej ntawm 2 centimeters - los ntawm 8 txog 12 kg ntawm kev daws rau ib square meter;
- Rau ib txheej ntawm 3 centimeters - 12-16 kg ntawm qhov sib tov ib square meter;
- Rau ib txheej ntawm 4 centimeters - 16-24 kg ntawm plaster ib square meter;
- Rau ib txheej ntawm 5 centimeters - los ntawm 18 txog 25 kg rau ib square.
Kev npaj ua ntej insulating facade nrog plaster
Lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag tau npaj rau kev pleev xim rau hauv tib txoj kev ib yam li cov phab ntsa plastering zoo ib yam. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov hmoov av, av, seem ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem qub. Yog tias muaj kab nrib pleb, potholes, thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag pom ntawm phab ntsa, nws raug nquahu kom ntxiv dag zog rau nws nrog cov yas mesh.
Nws yuav tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho daim phiaj plaster ntawm cov phab ntsa uas muaj cov pob zeb ua los ntawm cov pob zeb lossis cov xuab zeb-cov cib. Nws yog txuas rau kab ntawm dowel-rau tes. Yog tias lub tsev ntawm lub tsev raug cuam tshuam los ntawm pwm, fungus, tom qab ntawd lub ntsej muag yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua ntej lossis tshwj xeeb ua kom tsis huv. Ua ntej pib txheej txheem ntawm kev thaiv lub ntsej muag nrog "ntub dej ntub dej", npaj cov cuab yeej tsim nyog: trowel, qib tsev, raws li txoj cai, ob peb spatulas, beacons. Qhov tom kawg tuaj yeem yog daim ntawv nyias nyias ntawm cov hlau lossis yas.
Cov lus qhia rau kev thov plaster rau lub ntsej muag
Koj yuav tsum tau npaj cov khoom sib xyaw rau insulating lub ntsej muag hauv qhov nyiaj uas koj tuaj yeem siv nws hauv ob teev. Txoj kev npaj daws yuav tsum tau sab laug kom infuse rau 5 feeb.
Txhawm rau kom rwb thaiv tsev nrog cov ntaub qhwv sov kom ua tau zoo li sai tau, nws raug nquahu kom ua haujlwm ntawm kev thov cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm qhov kub tsawg kawg 5 degrees Celsius, thiab huab cua huab cua txog 70%. Peb ua tiav txoj haujlwm raws li hauv qab no:
- Peb kho lub beacons ntawm phab ntsa ntawm kev daws teeb meem. Peb txheeb xyuas lawv txoj haujlwm uas siv txoj hlua ncab lossis qib tsev. Lawv yuav tsum tau nyob hauv lub dav hlau ntawm lub ntsej muag yav tom ntej tsim los ntawm txheej txheej plaster.
- Thov txheej txheej thawj uas siv tus pas txhuam hniav, tshuaj tsuag lossis txhuam. Nws cov tuab yuav tsum yog 2 centimeters. Peb ua haujlwm los ntawm hauv qab.
- Peb qib sib xyaw nrog txoj cai, tso siab rau lub beacons.
- Tawm thawj txheej kom qhuav zoo rau plaub teev.
- Thov txheej thib ob ntawm qhov xav tau tuab. Feem ntau nws tsis ntau tshaj peb centimeters. Peb qib cov plaster nrog txoj cai thiab rub nrog ntab.
- Tom qab txheej thib ob tau qhuav, qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau rov ua dua thiab ua kom zoo nrog ntab. Nws siv sijhawm 4-5 teev los ua kom tiav cov plaster.
Nco tseg! Yog tias koj npaj yuav siv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg siv tshuaj tsuag lossis txau nrog txhuam, tom qab ntawd nws qhov sib xws yuav tsum muaj dej ntau dua li siv lub lauj tshib thiab rab diav ntoo.
Ua tiav cov haujlwm
Lub facade, insulated nrog plaster, xav tau kev ua tiav. Nws tuaj yeem nqa tawm ob qho tam sim ntawd tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshav kub tau qhuav, thiab tom qab qee lub sijhawm.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog ua raws li cov lus pom zoo no:
- Ua ntej npog cov nplaim nrog cov khoom siv dai kom zoo nkauj, kos nws zoo dua siv qib tsev. Qhov sib txawv siab tshaj plaws hauv thaj chaw sib txawv tuaj yeem tsis pub ntau tshaj 3 millimeters ib square meter.
- Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los pib pleev xim tsis ntxov ua ntej peb hnub tom qab.
- Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov xim uas tsis ua zaj duab xis rau saum npoo kom tso cai rau phab ntsa ua pa.
Lub zog siab tshaj plaws ntawm txheej txheej plaster yog ua tiav tsuas yog 28 hnub tom qab thov. Thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv cua sov mus txog qhov siab tshaj 60 hnub tom qab qhov ziab zaum kawg ntawm qhov sib tov. Yuav ua li cas insulate lub ntsej muag nrog plaster - saib cov vis dis aus:
Ua kom sov lub tsev nrog cov plaster yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim, nrawm thiab pheej yig ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev cua sov. Koj tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog ua nws tus kheej ua haujlwm ntawm kev thov cov khoom sib xyaw rau lub ntsej muag, tab sis kuj npaj nws hauv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias, txawm tias muaj ntau qhov zoo, txoj hauv kev no tsis haum rau txhua qhov. Tshwj xeeb, "plasters sov" tsis muaj txiaj ntsig txaus nyob rau qhov mob hnyav.
