Kev tsim kho ntawm lub ru tsev nqaim hla lub tsev da dej feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev siv lub nthab qhov chaw ua chav so lossis chav qhua. Qhov kev tsim no yog qhov nyuaj, yog li nws qhov kev teeb tsa yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kev saib xyuas txhua tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem no. Cov ntsiab lus:
- Cov ntaub ntawv nqes hav
- Kev npaj rau kev tsim kho
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Kev txhim kho ntawm lub ru tsev nqes hav
- Rafter system
- Ru rwb thaiv tsev
- Tiav txheej
Feem ntau, lub ru tsev nrog lub kaum ntse ntse sib txawv ntawm lub kaum sab xis tau nruab nrog chav chav ua pa. Qhov dav ntawm tus qauv yuav tsum yog yam tsawg kawg rau rau meters. Txwv tsis pub, nws kev tsim kho poob tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig. Lub ru tsev nqes hav rau lub tsev da dej yog tus qauv uas muaj ob lub maj mam thiab ob txoj kab nqes. Daim ntawv no tso cai rau koj kom nqa lub nthab lossis puv thib ob hauv qab chav tsev chav.
Cov khoom siv rau lub ru tsev nqes hav hla tus da dej
Ua ntej pib qhov kev teeb tsa, koj yuav tsum khaws cov ntoo rau rafters. Qhov kev xaiv uas tsim nyog tshaj plaws yog ntoo coniferous nrog kev nqaim ntawm 20-22%. Thaum yuav khoom tuav, ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas lawv. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob puas los ntawm kab.
Ib qho ntxiv, tsis txhob hnov qab ua tib zoo ua cov ntoo nrog cov hluav taws kub thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau impregnate txhua qhov sib xyaw hauv ob peb txheej nrog txhuam txhuam. Lawv yuav tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, pwm, fungus, kab. Siv lub npog ntsej muag tiv thaiv ua pa thiab hnab looj tes thaum tuav tshuaj.
Paub txog qhov kwv yees dav thiab ntev ntawm txhua qhov nqes hav ntawm lub ru tsev yav tom ntej, koj tuaj yeem suav tau yooj yim nws thaj chaw. Muab qhov ntev los ntawm qhov dav ntawm txoj kab thiab ntxiv cov txiaj ntsig. Nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav suav qhov xav tau ntawm lub ru tsev, cua sov thiab cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv dej.
Txhua yam khoom siv vov tsev tuaj yeem siv tau:
- Slate (los ntawm 250 rubles ib leeg);
- Pobzeb (los ntawm 28 rubles ib leeg);
- Cov vuas hlau (los ntawm 200 rubles ib square meter);
- Ondulin (los ntawm 200 rubles ib square meter).
Xaiv cov ntsia hlau galvanized (cov ces kaum, nkhaus, ntsia hlau, cov khoom siv). Lawv tsis corrosive.
Kev npaj rau kev tsim kho lub ru tsev nqes hav rau da dej
Ua ntej koj yuav tsum xav txog txoj haujlwm da dej nrog lub ru tsev nqes hav. Raws li txoj cai, rafters hauv qab tau teeb tsa ntawm lub kaum sab xis txog 60 degrees lossis ntau dua. Cov rafters sab saud tau teeb tsa ntawm lub kaum sab xis txog 30 degrees. Nyob rau tib theem, kev suav ntawm cov peev txheej ntawm cov qauv tau ua tiav kom raug xaiv qhov ntu ntu ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab tso lawv kom zoo raws li ua tau.
Thaum ua li no, nco ntsoov xav txog:
- Qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm cov khoom vov tsev tiav;
- Lub nra tsim los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov sib ntaus sib tua thiab cov khoom sib ntaus sib tua;
- Qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv insulating;
- Qhov ntev ntawm qhov ncua ntawm kab mus rau lub eaves overhang;
- Qhov nqes hav ntawm qhov maj thiab nqes hav;
- Lub suab ntawm rafters thiab lathing ntsiab;
- Kev thauj khoom ntxiv (nag lossis daus, qhov cua nkag, fencing, ob lub qhov rais ci ci).
Txhawm rau xam cov peev txheej ntawm cov rafters, muaj qee qhov kev npaj ua tiav thiab cov lus. Lawv muaj daim duab qhia chaw ntawm cua thiab daus thauj khoom rau lub tebchaws thiab pab txhawm rau suav qhov zoo tag nrho cov kev ntsuas ntawm lub rafter system.
Cov lus qhia teeb tsa rau lub ru tsev nqes hav hla tus da dej
Cov thev naus laus zis no rau kev txhim kho lub ru tsev nrog lub kaum ntse ntse nqes hav sib txawv tau suav tias yog ib qho yooj yim tshaj thiab tso cai rau koj ua kom muaj ob-zaj dab neeg sauna nrog lub ru tsev nqes hav. Raws li txoj cai, kev teeb tsa tus qauv tuaj yeem faib ua peb theem: kev sib dhos ntawm cov thav duab, ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev, kho lub ru tsev npog. Txog kev tsim lub ru tsev zoo li no nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, nws yog qhov zoo dua los koom nrog ntau tus pab, vim tias muaj ntau yam txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm.
Kev teeb tsa lub rafter system rau lub ru tsev tawg ntawm da dej
Ua ntej kev teeb tsa, cov khoom tiv thaiv dej yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ob peb txheej nyob ib puag ncig ntawm chav da dej. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog kev vov tsev los yog kev tiv thaiv dej. Tso zaj duab xis kom nws sags me ntsis.
Kev ua haujlwm ntxiv tau ua tiav hauv qhov kev txiav txim no:
- Peb txuas cov khoom Mauerlat nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov phab ntsa uas siv cov hlau hlau thiab tsim cov pob zeb. Kom muaj zog ntau dua ntawm cov ntoo ntoo, peb ua qhov rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. Nws yog qhov xav tau tias cov pob qij txha poob nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom rafter.
- Peb kho kab kab hauv pem teb hauv qib qis. Nyob ntawm qhov xav tau thauj khoom, lawv tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ib leeg lossis ob chav nrog tag nrho ntu ntawm 25 cm2.
- Peb txhim kho lub rafters ntsug pem hauv ntej, kho lawv ntawm kab hauv pem teb, thiab rub txoj hlua nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Nws yuav yog hom qib rau cov hauv qab no.
- Peb tso cov racks nruab nrab nruab nrab nruab nrab nrog ib qib ntawm 2-2, 5 meters.
- Peb txhim kho txhua qhov ntsug nrog cov spacers ib ntus.
- Peb muab cov hlua tshwj xeeb tso rau saum thiab muab cov seem ntawm cov racks nruj me ntsis ntsug.
- Peb txuas cov kev sib hloov pauv mus rau txoj hlua khi thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lawv nrog cov hlua.
- Peb ua tiav kev teeb tsa ntawm sab qis rafter ntsiab. Lawv tuaj yeem npaj ua ntej, tsuas yog txiav sab saud. Thaum xub thawj, peb txhim kho rafters huab, tom qab ntawd nruab nrab hauv qib 1-1, 2 meters. Hauv theem no, peb ua qhov txiav hauv qab. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau so tawm tsam cov phab ntsa uas muaj lub nra ntawm da dej.
- Peb teeb tsa lub ntsiab lus sab nraub qaum los ntawm txuas lawv rau ntawm kab. Rau kev teeb tsa ntxiv ntawm lub qhov rais, peb ntxiv dag zog rau sab saud ntawm tus thav duab nrog kab hla hla.
- Peb ua cov hauv paus ntxiv rau lub qhov rooj ntawm lub qhov rais thiab lub qhov rooj ntawm lub rafters sab nraud.
Thov nco ntsoov tias rau kev teeb tsa txoj kab ntsug ntawm racks, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv lub teeb nqaj nrog ntu hla tsawg dua 5 cm2… Thov nco ntsoov tias cov khoom rafter ntawm lub ru tsev nqaim bevel feem ntau yog ua inclined, thiab sab saud tau dai.
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ru tsev nqes hav hla tus da dej
Txhawm rau tsim kom muaj huab cua zoo nyob hauv chav da dej nrog lub ru tsev nqes hav thiab nthab thiab txo kev siv hluav taws xob rau cua sov nws, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua kom raug raws li txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev.
Txhawm rau ua qhov no, peb ua raws li cov lus qhia hauv qab no:
- Peb npog lub thav duab nrog cov pa thaiv cov pa membrane los ntawm lub ridge mus rau Mauerlat. Peb nteg cov khoom siv nrog kev sib tshooj ntawm 20-30 cm. Peb nplaum tag nrho cov pob qij txha nrog cov kab xev hlau. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov teeb meem vapor, peb siv cov kab nyias nyias thiab cov khoom siv tsim kho.
- Peb mount lub crate loj. Lub suab ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus nyob ntawm qhov ntom ntom ntawm cov khoom siv vov tsev xaiv. Lub ru tsev nyuaj cuam tshuam nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom sib cais, thiab ib qho muag muag yog ib qho khoom.
- Peb muab cov cua sov tso rau nruab nrab ntawm cov laug cam ntawm sheathing thiab rafters. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog pob zeb hauv av.
- Los ntawm sab hauv, txhawm rau txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm rwb thaiv tsev, peb sau cov kab ntawv, ua ib lub crate ntxiv.
- Peb txhim kho cov yob tsis muaj dej rau saum nrog kev sib tshooj ntawm 15-20 cm.
Yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem xaj cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev "ncuav qab zib" thiab nruab nws nruab nrab ntawm cov rafters.
Tiav txheej rau lub ru tsev nqes hav ntawm lub tsev da dej
Thaum txhim kho cov khoom siv vov tsev, nws raug nquahu kom tawm qhov cua ntawm qhov deb ntawm 2-3 cm ua ntej kev tiv thaiv dej. Peb muab daim npog rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim no:
- Peb sau lub txee-lattice los ntawm kab txaij 3-5 cm tuab ntawm zaj duab xis tiv thaiv dej.
- Peb nruab lub ru tsev pib los ntawm sab saum toj. Kev teeb tsa thev naus laus zis nyob ntawm hom khoom siv vov tsev. Siv cov yas los yog cov kab mob bituminous, nteg txhua kab tshiab nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm ib qho dhau los. Ondulin thiab cov ntawv txheeb kuj tseem haum rau lub ru tsev zoo li no.
- Peb nruab qhov nqes hav. Zoo dua los xaiv cov yas lossis cov kav dej ua kom zoo. Lawv tiv taus corrosion thiab pheej yig. Cov kav dej uas ua los ntawm txhuas, tooj liab thiab titanium saib zoo dua ntawm da dej nrog lub ru tsev nqes hav, tab sis lawv yuav tsis pheej yig.
- Peb teeb tsa lub qhov rais. Qhov rais ua los ntawm ntoo lossis PVC yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog suav qhov loj ntawm lub qhov kom nws nyob yam tsawg 1/8 ntawm lub ru tsev.
Hloov chaw ntawm lub lattice, koj tuaj yeem yooj yim muab cov ntawv OSB. Lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv tiv taus ya raws, ruaj thiab muaj zog. Nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub tsev, kev tsim kho lub ru tsev yuav siv sijhawm 1-2 lub lis piam.
Yuav ua li cas ua kom lub qab nthab rau da dej - saib cov vis dis aus:
Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov lus qhia thiab cov duab da dej nrog lub ru tsev nqes hav, koj tuaj yeem ua tus kheej lossis tswj hwm txhua txoj kev tsim kho. Kev suav kom raug, teeb tsa tus ncej, ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev thiab ua kom tiav yuav ua rau cov qauv muaj zog thiab ruaj khov.
