Georgian txuj lom, tshuaj ntsuab, kua ntses. Muaj pes tsawg leeg, daim ntawv thov, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv. Cov lus qhia muaj txiaj ntsig thiab cov vis dis aus. Tsev noj mov tos txais qhua thiab tshwj xeeb Georgian cov zaub mov muaj npe nrov rau nws txawj ua zaub mov noj, uas suav nrog cov ntxhiab tsw zoo ntawm txhua yam tshuaj ntsuab, txuj lom, txuj lom thiab ntses. Hauv tshav ntuj Georgia, kwv yees li 70 hom khoom sib xyaw thiab cov txuj lom tau tsim, uas ua rau cov xim neeg txawv txawv thiab tsw qab rau cov tais diav. Yog li ntawd, thaum mus ntsib Georgia, txhua tus tswv tsev khaws cov khoom plig Georgian. Txij li nws yog Caucasian txuj lom uas yuav ua rau kho qab, festive, ntxiv qhov tshwj xeeb tsw thiab txhawb nws nrog qhov hnov tsw tsw qab. Cia peb tau paub nrog ntau yam ntawm Georgian txuj lom thiab seasonings.
Cov npe nrov Georgian txuj lom thiab seasonings
Cov txuj lom ntsim yog cov ntsuj plig ntawm txhua yam zaub mov hauv Georgian. Cov tshuaj ntsuab tsis sib xws ntxiv qhov tseeb Georgian tsw rau kev kho txhua hnub thiab hloov pauv noj hmo zoo ib yam li kev ua koob tsheej.
Hmeli-suneli
Cov kws ua zaub mov hauv Georgian nyiam siv cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov txuj lom hauv av hu ua "suneli", uas txhais tau tias "tsw qab". Qhov feem ntau hom ntawm cov koob no yog plhaw-suneli, cov nyiam nyiam tshaj plaws hauv Georgia. Nws muaj qhov ci thiab ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab, yog li nws tau ntxiv me ntsis los txhawm rau khaws cov saj thiab tsw ntawm cov khoom xyaw uas seem. Txhua lub tais Georgian tau npaj nrog cov txuj lom no: satsivi, kharcho, lobio, khachapuri … Hauv thaj tsam sib txawv ntawm Georgia, muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab feem ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv. Tab sis ib txwm muaj qhov sib xyaw suav nrog: dill qhuav, zaub basil, cilantro, saffron, coriander, marjoram thiab savory. Cov tshuaj ntsuab qhuav tau muab tsoo, sib xyaw thiab khaws cia rau hauv lub thawv kaw kom nruj kom cov khoom tsis txhob ntub. Qee zaum lwm cov khoom xyaw tau ntxiv rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg: zaub txhwb qaib, celery, nplooj Bay, tarragon, fenugreek, fennel.
Qhov tseeb tshaj plaws
Lwm lub tebchaws Georgian cov txuj lom ntawm lub teeb daj yog utskho suneli. Cov txuj lom tsis ntsim thiab tsis hnov tsw tsw. Nws tsuas yog ntxiv qhov tsw ntxiv rau hauv cov zaub mov, uas nthuav tawm hauv cov tais diav tiav, muab qhov kho kom zoo nkauj nutty tsw. Utskho-suneli tau sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov menyuam yaj, muab lub hauv paus rau nqaij qaib, hais txog qhov saj ntawm ntses thiab ua tiav cov khoom noj txom ncauj zaub zoo. Cov txuj lom muaj cov noob ntawm qib siab xiav fenugreek kom cov seasoning tsis saj iab. Ua ntej sib tsoo, cov nplej nyuaj yuav tsum tau kho cua sov, tom qab uas lawv yog av.
Saffron
Saffron yog cov txuj lom kim tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv Georgia, nws muaj thiab muag txhua qhov chaw, ob qho tib si hauv cov hmoov thiab hauv paj tag nrho. Imeretian saffron muaj lub paj tsw qab ntxiag nrog cov lus sau tseg ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov xim sib txawv los ntawm daj-txiv kab ntxwv rau xim liab-xim av. Nws yog siv los ua zaub mov noj, kua zaub, tais nqaij, khoom noj txom ncauj, kua ntses. Cov roj yam tseem ceeb tau ntxiv rau haus cawv kom ntxiv qab zib. Saffron tau npaj los ntawm cov thawv paj ntoo marigold, uas yog thawj zaug qhuav hauv qhov chaw tsaus, thiab tom qab ntawd ua av ua hmoov. Lub hnub ci ci pab cov roj yam tseem ceeb ua kom qhuav.
Savory los yog kondari
Qhov no yog cov txuj lom classic uas muaj qhov ntxhiab tsw qab ntxiag, ntxhiab tsw zoo li qhov hnov tsw ntawm kua txob dub hauv av. Cov txuj lom tau siv hauv daim ntawv qhuav thiab tshiab rau ua noj nqaij, ntses, zaub thiab nceb tais.
Liab capsicum
Cov ncauj lus ntxaws ntawm Georgian cov zaub mov yuav tsum tsis txhob plam - cov kua txob liab liab. Nws tsis yog siv los ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb, txawm li cas los xij, nws nyuaj rau nrhiav cov zaub mov txawv uas tsis muaj nws. Kua txob ntxiv rau hauv qhov nruab nrab, thaum cov neeg uas tsis tau siv cov khoom noj ntsim yuav pom tias nws nyuaj rau tiv nrog qhov pib kub hnyiab.
Crushed walnuts
Txiav walnuts feem ntau siv hauv cov kua ntses thiab ntau yam tais diav. Lawv tau txais kev pabcuam nrog rau cov dej qab zib fermented xws li ziab thiab yogurt. Lawv tso cai rau koj kom tsis muaj zog ci ci ntawm cov khoom noj ntsim.
Cov kua ntses Georgian nto moo - cov npe thiab cov duab
Cov kua ntses qab thiab nplua nuj yog lwm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm Caucasian cov zaub mov. Lawv ntxiv qhov tshwj xeeb thiab qhov tseem ceeb rau cov tais diav hauv tebchaws.
Adjika
Adjika tuaj yeem yog ntub, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lws suav ntses, lossis ntsim qhuav, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm seasoning. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog txiv lws suav, kua txob liab hauv av, paprika thiab pob paj ntawm cov txuj lom, uas ua rau muaj qab zib qab zib: coriander, savory, cilantro, basil, marjoram … Thaum koj ntxiv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, me ntsis qab zib thiab ntxhib ntsev, koj tau txais cov ntsim ntsim ntses nrog qhov iab thiab qaub, uas ua rau muaj kev zoo siab rau txhua tus nyiam ntawm cov zaub mov ntsim. Spicy thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm qab zib thiab iab adjika yuav hloov pauv cov zaub mov, thiab cov ntxhiab tsw yuav ua rau tsis xav tau ua ntej. Cov txuj lom tau siv dav. Nws tau siv nrog cov tais diav nqaij, nws muab qhov tshwj xeeb ua ke rau nqaij qaib, mov, spaghetti, zaub, kua zaub.
Satsebeli
Satsebeli yog lws suav ntses ua los ntawm cov txiv ntoo, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab ntau yam tshuaj ntsuab tshiab thiab txuj lom. Nws feem ntau suav tias yog ntau yam ntses uas ua tau zoo nrog cov tais diav nqaij, kib lossis kib nqaij qaib thiab txhua yam tais diav. Cov ntses tuaj yeem ua rau txias thiab sov (tsis kub). Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog walnuts, uas tau ntxiv los ntawm nqaij qaib nqaij, qej, kua txob liab, cilantro, saffron, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis txi txiv lossis kua txiv pomegranate.
Satsivi
Satsivi yog hom ntses tshwj xeeb. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau cov txiv ntseej grated, uas tau ua nrog cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis kua txiv, ntxiv rau txiv qaub lossis kua txiv pomegranate. Cov txheej ntawm cov txuj lom yog qhov tsis tu ncua, thiab yuav tsum suav nrog cinnamon, cilantro, saffron, hops-suneli, qej, kua txob. Hauv qee thaj tsam ntawm Georgia, cov ntses tau tuab nrog cov nqaij qaib los yog hmoov.
Tkemali
Lwm qhov qub Georgian ntses yog tkemali. Nws yog ua los ntawm qaub plum puree, qej thiab tshuaj ntsuab (coriander, kua txob liab liab). Tab sis tam sim no muaj ntau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm nws, qhov twg qaub plum tau hloov nrog qaub gooseberries lossis liab currants. Thaum npaj cov tkemali qub, cov txuj lom ib txwm siv - marsh mint (ombalo). Nws tau ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm ua noj ua haus kom tsis txhob fermenting plums. Ib qho txawv tshaj plaw thiab kua ntses hais txog qhov sib xws ntawm qhov ntom ntawm qaub cream feem ntau yog muab nrog nqaij, ntses, nqaij qaib, qos yaj ywm garnish thiab nplej zom.
Georgian ntsim tshuaj ntsuab
Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb tau them rau cov tshuaj ntsuab hauv Caucasus. Lawv yeej tsis suav nrog kev ua noj. Cov tshuaj ntsuab feem ntau ntawm Georgian cov zaub mov: zaub basil, nplooj mint, qej qus, cilantro, tarragon, parsley, tarragon, noob dill, savory, coriander, cloves, av cinnamon. Cov tshuaj ntsuab Georgian qus xws li purslane, mallow, dzhondjoli, puab tsaig, nettle kuj tseem siv tau. Lawv tau siv los kho cov pluas noj uas tau npaj ua tiav, ntxiv rau npaj cov kua ntses, hnav khaub ncaws, kua zaub, nqaij thiab ntses qab heev. Qhov no tsis yog daim ntawv teev npe ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab Georgian, tab sis muaj cov teeb tsa zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem npaj ntau yam qab, ntxhiab, nplua nuj thiab nthuav cov tais diav nrog kov Georgian.
Svan ntsev ntawm Georgian zaub mov
Georgian zaub mov muaj tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb tsis yog rau cov txuj lom thiab tshuaj ntsuab, tab sis kuj rau ntsev. Txij li cov pob zeb ntsev zoo ib yam, cov niam tsev nyiam siv universal Svan ntsev. Qhov no yog cov txuj ci qub uas yog sib xyaw ntawm txhua yam txuj lom. Txij li lub sijhawm puag thaum ub, ntsev tau yog cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, uas cov txuj lom tau ntxiv rau kom nce cov khoom siv. Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke no tau dhau los ua qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, yog li cov kab lis kev cai tau khaws cia rau niaj hnub no. Nws tau npaj nrog utskho-suneli, kua txob liab, saffron, cilantro, dill, caraway noob thiab qej. Cov khoom xyaw tau tawg thiab khaws cia rau hauv lub khob iav kaw nruj nreem. Svan ntsev ntxiv rau cov kua zaub, marinades, zaub nyoos, nqaij, ntses thiab zaub tais diav.
Yog tias koj xav kom cov zaub mov niaj hnub dhau los ua qhov qub, tom qab ntawd siv cov txuj lom Georgian nrog qhov tsis hnov tsw tshwj xeeb, saj, xim thiab keeb kwm. Nrog lawv, lub neej ua noj ua haus yuav dhau los ua ntxhiab, ci dua thiab zoo nkauj dua. Thaum kawg ntawm tsab xov xwm, peb hais qhia saib cov vis dis aus tshuaj xyuas feem ntau siv cov txuj lom, tshuaj ntsuab thiab txuj lom hauv Georgia, nrog rau cov lus qhia rau lawv siv.
