Yuav ua li cas suluguni txawv los ntawm lwm cov cheese qab zib, muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntsiab lus calorie. Cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom fermented mis, zaub mov txawv thiab keeb kwm kev tsim khoom.
Suluguni yog cov cheese uas tau khaws cia, yog cov khoom lag luam hauv tebchaws ntawm cov neeg ntawm Caucasus. Xim - dawb lossis daj me ntsis, sib xws - ntom, txheej. Qhov saj yog qab ntsev me ntsis. Elastic, yaj thaum rhuab. Ua kom tiav homogeneous hauv cov qauv, tab sis delamination ntawm cov ntug raug tso cai. Feem ntau cov tawv nqaij tsis nyob. Yog tias ua ntej lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm puag ncig lossis oblong taub hau, tam sim no lawv tau muab rau hauv pigtails. Cheese hauv daim ntawv no yog ntsev, daj daj lossis xim av. Nws yog siv los ntawm nws tus kheej, ua khoom noj txom ncauj, thiab rau kev tsim khoom ntawm ntau yam tais diav.
Nta ntawm kev ua suluguni
Thawj cov khoom siv raw rau cov khoom qab zib uas tau tsim los ntawm cov khoom lag luam yog sib xyaw ntawm cov mis (nyuj 3 feem thiab ib tshis, twm lossis yaj). Vim yog qhov tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntaub ntawv raw ntxiv, nws tau tso cai siv ib hom khoom.
Ua noj ua haus suluguni
- Kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv raw - pasteurization thiab qhia txog kev coj noj coj ua pib los ntawm cov kab mob lactic acid hauv tus nqi 0.7-1.2%. Lub acidity luv thaum ua haujlwm nrog ib hom khoom siv raw yog 20-21T, nrog sib xyaw-22-25T.
- Kev npaj cov curd ntawm qhov kub ntawm 31-35 ° C. Txhawm rau kom tau txais kev ywj pheej thiab tuab sib xws, 32-35 feeb yog txaus.
- Tom qab ntawd cov curd tau tig dua thiab ua kom sov, txiav rau hauv cov noob 5-10 mm loj. Cov txheej txheem yuav siv sijhawm txog 10 feeb. Yuav tsum tau cua sov thib ob ntawm 34-37 ° C.
- Npaj rau ripening - cheddarization. Lawv tos kom txog thaum cov noob nplej curd nyob ntawm lawv tus kheej, tom qab ntawd lawv raug nias, tso dej 70% ntawm cov whey. Acidity (pH) yuav tsum yog 5.5-5.7. Thaum lub sijhawm ripening hauv whey, qhov kub nyob hauv chav da dej yog tswj ntawm 28-32 ° C.
- Cov khoom siv raw tau tso tseg rau 4-5 teev, tig ntau zaus. Cov cim qhia txog kev loj hlob - pom qhov muag thiab nce acidity txog 140-160T.
- Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm curd huab hwm coj, kev sim yaj tau ua tiav. Ib qho hnyav 30 g yog raus rau hauv dej kub, ncab thiab sib tw. Yog tias cov xov tsis tawg, lawv tuaj yeem muab cov duab uas xav tau, koj tuaj yeem npaj mus rau theem tom ntej.
- Yaj. Cov cheese loj tau txiav rau hauv ib daim hlab txog li 1 cm tuab, dipped hauv whey rhaub kom 70-80 ° C, kneaded kom sib xws sib xws hauv lub tshuab kneading thiab tso tawm ntawm lub rooj nias.
- Yuav luag tiav suluguni cheese yog tsim los ntawm kev txiav mus rau hauv ib daim ntawm qhov loj me thiab xav tau qhwv cov npoo ob peb zaug kom txog thaum nws tuaj yeem tau txais cov duab ntawm lub pob, thiab tom qab ntawd dipping hauv cov dej txias los yog whey. Brine concentration - 16-20%, kub - 8-12 ° C. Cov acidity ntawm cov khoom tiav yog 4, 9-5, 1.
Kev npaj ua ntej muag muaj kev teeb tsa ntawm sawv ntawm lub tub yees thiab daim ntawv lo khoom.
Hauv tsev, suluguni cheese yog tsim los ntawm txhua tsev neeg hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev:
- Daim ntawv qhia classic … Cov mis nyuj sov txog 35 ° C, pepsin yuav los ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj thiab qee zaum muaj calcium chloride ntxiv. Cov curd loj tau raug tshem tawm hauv cov ntaub qhwv hauv ob peb txheej kom tshem cov whey. Cov kua tsis ntws, nws yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau yav tom ntej. Ib teev tom qab, tshem tawm ib qho ntawm cov cheese loj thiab dipped hauv dej npau. Yog tias melting tau pib, cov khoom tuaj yeem rub tawm. Ib qho tuab tuab tau txiav rau hauv txheej thiab muab tso rau hauv dej txias rau 20 feeb. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog kom tsis txhob fermentation. Tom ntej no, cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tau txiav rau hauv qhov ntsuas thiab muab tso rau hauv dej sov nrog qhov kub ntawm 65 ° C. Cov kua tau hloov pauv tas li los yog nchuav kom nws tsis txias. Sai li cov cheese loj dhau los ua homogeneous, suluguni tau dipped hauv cov whey brine rau 10-12 teev. Tom qab ntawd lub taub hau raug tshem tawm, ntxuav nrog dej txias thiab txias rau 5-6 teev nyob rau ntawm lub tub yees txias.
- Suluguni nrog qaub cream muaj roj (tsis tsawg dua 30%) … Mis, 2, 2 liv, rhaub kom ua npuas, tsis muaj rhaub, txo cov roj, ntxiv 40 g ntsev, do. Cov hmoov nplej tau npaj cais: 4 lub qe raug ntaus, qaub cream tau nchuav - 220-240 ml, ntxiv rau mis nyuj hauv rab diav, nplawm tas li. Tsis txhob tua kom txog thaum curd loj exfoliates. Dov cov cheesecloth hauv ob peb txheej, kab colander, tso cov whey kom ntws tawm, thiab tom qab ntawd khawm ib lub pob nrog cheese tsev kom tshem tawm cov kua. Tom qab ntawd nyem koj cov hlab ntshav nrog koj txhais tes thiab, yam tsis tau tshem cov ntaub, tso kev tsim txom rau saum - los ntawm 5 kg. Cia nws brew rau 5-6 teev, tso cov dej tso tawm. Sai li nws tso tseg kom sawv tawm, lub taub hau raug tshem tawm mus rau lub tub yees.
- Cheese smoked … Cov dej me me tau nchuav rau hauv 3 liv mis, rhaub kom kub txog 38 ° C. Txhawm rau npaj cov tshuaj yej nplooj, ib nrab ampoule ntawm Calcium Chloride, rennet ntawm qhov taub ntawm rab riam thiab me ntsis ntsev tau diluted hauv 20 ml ntawm dej sov. Fermented tshaj qhov cua sov qis, tawm mus rau 5 teev, kom txog thaum tau txais cov pob ntom ntom. Cov cheese tau muab ntim nrog cov ntaub qhwv, colander thiab kev tsim txom, zoo li hauv cov zaub mov uas twb tau piav qhia lawm. Suluguni tau ua nrog cov crust zoo li cheese, raws li lwm cov zaub mov txawv. Tab sis sai li sai tau cov curd loj tau sib cog, nws tau txiav mus rau hauv qhov ntsuas thiab raus rau hauv dej kub. Ua nrog ntoo spatula kom txog thaum lawv pib lo ua ke. Ib qho tuab cheese hnyav yuav tsum tau txais hauv cov kua. Lub taub hau yog tsim los ntawm kev khoov cov npoo ntawm txheej txheej. Cov cheese tau nthuav tawm hauv lub tub yees kom tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tawg, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv qhov muaj zog 20% whey brine. Tig nws ntau zaus, thiab haus nws tom qab 12 teev. Kev haus luam yeeb txuas ntxiv mus txog 4 teev kom txog thaum tau txais cov xim av daj.
Muaj ntau ntau hom zaub mov hauv tsev suluguni. Cov cheese tau tso cai rau ua kom sov hauv brine, kua txiv qaub yog siv los ua cov qhob cij, cov txuj lom thiab tshuaj ntsuab tau ntxiv rau cov curd loj. Yog tias cov khoom tau npaj raws li kev ntim rau pies thiab tortillas, daim ntawm curd tsis raug nias, tab sis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, raug txiav ua ntej muab tso rau hauv dej kub. Koj tuaj yeem ua noj cov hluas suluguni los ntawm nyem lub whey nrog koj txhais tes, tsis txhob muab nws tso rau hauv siab. Koj tuaj yeem sim nrog cov zaub mov tsis muaj qhov kawg, tab sis koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account - cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig nyob ntawm seb yuav ua cov cheese li cas thiab ntawm yam khoom raw li cas.
Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntsiab lus calorie ntawm suluguni
Tus nqi noj haus ntawm cov khoom lag luam ua tom tsev los ntawm cov kua mis nyuj pasteurized yog 265 kcal ib 100 g.
Thaum ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv raw ntawm hom sib txawv, cov ntsiab lus calories ntawm suluguni yog 286-300 kcal rau 100 g, ntawm qhov uas:
- Cov protein - 20.5 g;
- Yog ' - 22 g;
- Cov carbohydrates - 0.4 g;
- Dej - 51.9 g;
- Yog ' - 5 g.
Cov vitamins rau 100 g
- Vitamin A - 128 mcg;
- Retinol - 0.12 mg;
- Beta Carotene - 0.05 mg;
- Vitamin B1, thiamine - 0.06 mg;
- Vitamin B2, riboflavin - 0.5 mg;
- Vitamin C, ascorbic acid - 0.7 mg;
- Vitamin D, calciferol - 0.71 mcg;
- Vitamin E, alpha tocopherol - 0.3 mg;
- Vitamin PP - 5.5 mg;
- Niacin - 0.4 mg
Macronutrients rau 100 g:
- Potassium, K - 100 mg;
- Calcium, Ca - 650 mg;
- Magnesium, Mg - 35 mg;
- Sodium, Na - 1050 mg;
- Sulfur, S - 205 mg;
- Phosphorus, P - 420 mg;
Cov kab ntawv yog sawv cev los ntawm hlau - 0.6 mg rau 100 g, carbohydrates zom tau yooj yim - mono- thiab disaccharides - 0.4 g. Cov roj (cholesterol) tau pom los ntawm sterols - 61 mg. Tus nqi ntawm cov roj fatty acids uas txaus rau 100 g yog 14 g.
Tiag suluguni cheese tuaj yeem pom tsuas yog hauv Caucasus, thiab nws tau ua xuas tes ua. Nws tsis muaj peev xwm sau cov mis nyuj kom txaus los khiav kab hauv lub hoobkas.
Thaum yuav khoom suluguni, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov sib xws: yog tias nws nthuav heev, "roj hmab", peb tuaj yeem tham txog qhov ua txhaum ntawm kev tsim khoom siv tshuab. Cov khoom lag luam no tsis muaj qhov xav tau ntawm cov as -ham, thiab muaj qhov tsawg kawg ntawm cov as -ham hauv nws.
Cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm suluguni
Kev tshawb fawb raug cai ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cheese tau ua pov thawj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cev. Cov kev sim tau ua tiav ntawm cov nas tsuag. Lub neej ntawm tib neeg los ntawm pab pawg uas tau txais cov khoom lag luam ua raws li daim ntawv qhia ua zaub mov noj 2 zaug hauv ib hnub tau nce li 3-4 hnub.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm suluguni
- Tiv thaiv kev txhim kho kev mob pob txha, ntxiv dag zog rau phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntshav, txo qhov zaus ntawm exacerbations ntawm rheumatism.
- Txhim kho cov ntshav ncig, tiv thaiv kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws.
- Nres kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem degenerative-dystrophic hauv cov txiav txiav thiab zom zaub mov, tiv thaiv kev tsim cov neoplasms.
- Nrog siv tsis tu ncua, qhov zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij txhim kho, kev hloov pauv hnub nyoog cuam tshuam qeeb.
- Nws tau nqus sai, rov kho cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig.
- Tsim cov xwm txheej zoo rau kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv plab hnyuv microflora. Nres raws plab.
- Normalizes zus tau tej cov txiv neej cov tshuaj hormones, txhim kho phev zoo.
- Ua kom cov acidity ntawm cov kua txiv pais plab, txhawb kev tsim cov zom zaub mov.
Cov txiaj ntsig muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm suluguni tso cai rau nws nkag mus rau hauv kev noj zaub mov ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj tuberculosis, mob plab ntev nrog qis acidity, nrog lactation, thiab poj niam cev xeeb tub - nrog kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm lub raum.
Suluguni cheese nrog cov ntsiab lus calorie txog li 265 kcal tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv kev yuag poob. Cov khoom lag luam tso cai rau koj txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau muab cov protein tsim nyog rau kev ruaj khov ntawm cov leeg nqaij, tsis tsim kev hnyav hauv plab. Nws tuaj yeem siv nyab xeeb rau khoom noj txom ncauj.
Thaum qhia cov cheese rau hauv cov zaub mov noj ntawm cov menyuam yaus, nws raug nquahu kom ua raws cov lus pom hauv qab no: qhia qhov saj tshiab tsis ntxov dua tus menyuam muaj hnub nyoog 3 xyoos, thiab tsau cov cheese qab ntsev heev hauv cov mis. Mis mis neutralizes cov teeb meem tsis zoo ntawm ntsev thiab nce kev nqus ntawm cov as -ham.
Contraindications thiab ua mob rau suluguni
Tsis yog txhua tus raug tso cai noj cov khoom lag luam ua nrog ntsev. Muaj qee qhov contraindications rau nkag mus rau kev noj haus.
Suluguni raug mob tuaj yeem ua rau
- Nrog rau kev tsis haum rau cov protein cov mis, nrog rau dysbiosis nrog tsis muaj lactobacilli;
- Nrog kev ntuav ntau ntxiv, ua rau mob plab zom mov, nce acidity ntawm kua txiv hauv plab;
- Nrog lub siab thiab lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, kev tsim ntawm edema, theem mob ntawm thrombophlebitis thiab varicose leeg;
- Nrog arterial hypertension.
Qhov tsis txaus ntseeg rau kev siv cov cheese yog cev xeeb tub, hnub nyoog txog 5 xyoos, lactation. Cov pa luam yeeb siv los ua cov khoom lag luam muaj cov carcinogens uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem mob hauv lub plab zom mov. Kev sau cov tshuaj phem hauv lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.
Suluguni zaub mov txawv
Txhawm rau saj, cheese qab yog ua ke nrog tshuaj ntsuab, radishes thiab dib, dos liab, taum ntsuab thiab txiv ntseej. Nws yog kib, ntxiv rau cov nqaij thiab ntses tais diav, seasoned nrog mustard, ntau hom vinegar, thiab qaub cream.
Delicious recipes nrog suluguni:
- Lavash hnav khaub ncaws … Lavash nplooj ntawv (5-6) raug txiav ua 2 ntu. Muab tso rau ntawm ib lub phaj, grease nrog mayonnaise. Lawv cia nws pw kom cov ntses nqus tau, thiab lub sijhawm no lawv npaj cov khaub ncaws hnav - ua kom tsis qab ntsev heev, cheese nyuaj, sib tov nrog cov tshuaj ntsuab sib xyaw thiab lub caij nrog qaub cream. Tshaj tawm qhov hnav khaub ncaws ntawm txhua daim ntawv, quav lub hnab ntawv, kib ntawm ob sab hauv lub lauj kaub kub. Cov zaub mov yuav qab dua yog tias koj ci pita qhob cij tom qab nqaij.
- Qaib nyias … Qaib ceg yog hau nrog cov txuj lom thiab tshuaj ntsuab. Txiav dos, dib thiab hau qe qe rau hauv me me, ntxiv cov nqaij ua tiav, disassembled rau hauv cais cov fibers, ntxiv suluguni. Lub caij nrog mayonnaise, ntxiv ntsev.
- Zaub xam lav caij ntuj no … Suluguni yog tov nrog cov qos yaj ywm hau, carrots thiab qe, cov kaus poom pob kws thiab tshuaj ntsuab kom saj. Lub caij nrog qaub cream los yog mayonnaise.
- Stuffed pancakes … Cov nqaij yog kib hauv lub lauj kaub rau 15 feeb. Yeej 2 qe nrog ntsev, ntxiv hmoov nplej, ncuav me ntsis npias. Pancakes yog ua los ntawm batter, kib rau ob sab. Cov nqaij yog tov nrog tshuaj ntsuab ntawm txhua yam thiab daim ntawm tws suluguni. Tsa cov npoo, khi lawv ua lub hnab, nrog cheese xov. Koj tuaj yeem ua kom sov ua ntej ua haujlwm.
- Eggplant casserole … Lub qhov cub sov kom sov li 230 ° C, thiab lub sijhawm no eggplants, txiv lws suav, cheese, dos liab tau txiav rau hauv nyias daim. Tshaj tawm ntawm daim ntawv ci, hloov lub voj voog ntawm eggplant, suluguni, lws suav, qee zaus tso cov dos ib ncig thiab phaj ntawm qej. Sprinkle nrog roj, nphoo nrog cov tshuaj ntsuab qhuav. Eggplants yog ci kom txog thaum ua tiav. Sprinkle nrog parsley ua ntej noj.
Muaj ntau cov zaub mov txawv nrog suluguni cheese, tab sis koj tuaj yeem ua zaub mov qab los ntawm nws yam tsis muaj cov khoom xyaw ntxiv. Fry thawj cov khoom, ua ntej txiav rau hauv daim duab peb sab lossis kab, kom txog thaum xim av daj, tsis muaj cov khoom xyaw ntxiv, lossis ua ib lub khob cij ntawm cov qe raug ntaus, qhob cij crumbs, ntsev thiab kua txob.
Nws yuav tig tawm qab heev yog tias koj xub kib cov txiv lws suav nrog kua txob thiab ntsev hauv lub lauj kaub, tom qab ntawd cov cheese, thiab thaum cov xim av daj daj tshwm, muab cov txiv lws suav ntxiv. Kaw lub hau thiab cia sawv ntsug li 15 feeb. Sprinkle nrog cov tshuaj ntsuab tshiab ua ntej noj.
Cov lus tseeb nthuav txog suluguni
Thaum twg thiab leej twg ua thawj cheese nyuaj tsis paub meej. Raws li ib qho ntawm cov lus dab neeg, daim ntawv qhia tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub nroog loj Samergelo, nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm Svaneti. Hauv Mingrelian lub npe suab zoo li "selegin", txhais lus txhais tau tias: "sele" - mus knead, "gin" - nyuj.
Tab sis Ossetians hu rau cov khoom "sulugun", los ntawm lo lus no tau tshwm sim ntau lub npe Lavxias. Lub npe tau txhais los ntawm Georgian li "ntsuj plig ntawm lub siab" - "sulu -gun".
Kev lig kev cai, mis sib xyaw tau muab coj los tsim - yaj, nyuj, twm thiab tshis mis, ntau zaus yaj thiab twm. Hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam, nyuj mis nyuj yog siv ua raw khoom. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb hais txog ntawm cov cheese twb tau ntsib nyob rau xyoo pua 18th, thev naus laus zis hauv Georgia tau muaj ntawv pov thawj nkaus xwb hauv xyoo 2011.
Saib cov vis dis aus hais txog suluguni:
Yog tias koj muaj suluguni nyob hauv tsev, koj yuav tsis tshaib plab. Tsawg cheese qab zib yog khoom noj txom ncauj zoo rau cawv, ntsim rau npias. Txhua txoj kev xaiv yog haum rau kib thiab ua zaub nyoos.
