Cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke nrog nthuav polystyrene, ntxhia pob zeb, nthuav av nplaum, rwb thaiv tsev thev naus laus zis. Rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb yog lub sijhawm zoo los ua kom koj lub tsev xis nyob. Kev rwb thaiv tsev cua sov yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua qhov chaw hauv qhov chaw nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, kwv yees li 20% ntawm tshav kub dhau los ntawm cov plag tsev, tshwj xeeb yog hauv tsev. Los ntawm kev tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm huab cua sov, koj yuav txuag tau cua sov thiab tuaj yeem taug kev liab qab tsis txhob hnav cov thom khwm woolen.
Kev xaiv ntawm rwb thaiv tsev rau hauv pem teb pob zeb
Kev ua lag luam rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub no loj heev. Cov no yog ob qho tib si ntuj thiab cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev, tsim los siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab. Ntawm cov khoom siv cua sov uas tsim nyog rau hauv pem teb, nws tsim nyog sau cia nthuav polystyrene, nthuav av nplaum, ntxhia (basalt) ntaub plaub, ecowool, polyurethane ua npuas ncauj (PPU).
Nthuav tawm polystyrene rau rwb thaiv tsev cua sov ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av
Hauv kev tsim kho, ob hom khoom siv no yog siv - polystyrene thiab polystyrene ua npuas ncauj. Tsis tas yuav mus ntau dhau, koj tuaj yeem sib npaug lawv. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov tseeb, txij li cov cua sov, txawm hais tias muaj qhov zoo sib xws sab nraud (yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa, qhov hnyav qis, rau qhov kov), txawv.
Penoplex (extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj) tau kaw qhov hws. Cov rwb thaiv tsev nws tus kheej muaj cov qauv sib xws, tsis tawg, muaj qhov ntom ntom zoo rau khoov (ua npuas ncauj tsis tuaj yeem khoov txhua, nws yuav tawg thiab tawg ua tej daim me me). Nws yooj yim dua los ua haujlwm nrog penoplex, vim tias nws tau txiav nrog lub hacksaw thiab tsis poob sib nrug.
Ob leeg penoplex thiab polystyrene tau muab los ntawm polystyrene. Thiab yog tias thawj zaug dhau los ntawm daim ntawv tshwj xeeb (extruder), tau txais qhov pom qhov kawg los ntawm kev yuam los ntawm nws, tom qab ntawd ua npuas dej tsuas yog ua rau cov pob polystyrene ua paug, sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov kub siab. Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua npuas dej, polystyrene hla kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb, tig mus rau hauv ib qho khov khov (yog li cov khoom muaj nyob hauv cov khoom muaj zog), thaum ua npuas dej tseem sib cais pob.
Raws li cov yam ntxwv zoo, extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj zoo dua:
- Lub zog - 0.18 (MPa);
- Cov cua sov ua kom sov - 0.032 (W / m * K);
- Kev nqus dej - 0.4%;
- Chav kawm nplaim taws - G3, G4;
- Ua haujlwm kub - -50 + 75 ° C.
Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov pob zeb ua ke nrog nthuav polystyrene, qhov kev txiav txim siab raug yog yuav xaiv nws hom ib txwm - polystyrene. Nws yog qhov pheej yig dua, thiab hauv qab ua tiav hauv av lossis hauv qab qib qhob screed, nws cov yam ntxwv xws li lub zog tsis muaj zog, qhov nqus dej siab thiab qhov kub nyhiab yuav tsis muaj teeb meem. Ua-nws-koj tus kheej styling tsis nyuaj.
Nthuav av nplaum rau rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb
Ntuj ci av nplaum rwb thaiv tsev. Muaj qhov sib txawv sib txawv - pob zeb, pob zeb tawg, xuab zeb. Ua kom sov ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke nrog cov av nplaum nthuav dav tau ua nrog cov pob zeb ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws qib kev xav tau ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev, txheej txheej nrog tuab tsawg kawg 15 centimeters yog xav tau.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav:
- Ceev - 250, 30, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600 (kg / m3);
- Lub zog - 1, 2 - 2, 5 (MPa);
- Cov cua sov ua kom sov - 0.1-0.18 (W / m * K);
- Kev nqus dej - 8-20%;
- Chav kawm nplaim taws - NG;
- Ua haujlwm kub - txog + 1300 ° С;
- Frost tsis kam - tsawg kawg 25 mus.
Cov av nplaum nthuav dav yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv ob tog tiv thaiv kev ya raws nkag mus!
Cov tsiaj txhu tsiaj txhu thiab ecowool rau cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av
Cov no yog ob yam khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev sib txawv, ob qho tib si hauv kev tsim thiab hauv cov khoom. Cov ntaub plaub tsiaj yog tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb pov tseg (pob zeb, basalt), slag (slag wool), quartz (iav ntaub plaub). Ecowool yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntawv pov tseg, ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj tua hluav taws thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej (xim av thiab boric acid).
Basalt wool hais txog cov rwb thaiv tsev uas tsis kub hnyiab, tab sis nws kim heev. Yog li ntawd, cov pob zeb hauv av feem ntau yog insulated nrog cov khoom pheej yig tshaj ntawm cov tsiaj plaub tsiaj - slag lossis iav iav. Tsis siv nyob rau hauv cov qhob screed. Ua-nws-koj tus kheej styling tsis nyuaj. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm rwb thaiv tsev, cov plag tsev ntoo tau tso.
Ecowool muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws thiab tsis kim. Chav kawm nplaim taws - G2, G3. Muaj cov dej haum haum siab, tsis siv hauv cov qhob screed. Nws tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv hauv pem teb ntawm cov pob zeb ua los ntawm kev sau lossis txau (rau ntub dej, muaj cov tshuaj nplaum lossis dej zoo tib yam siv) hauv qab ntoo hauv av. Kev tsim tus kheej los ntawm txoj hauv kev qhuav yog ua tau.
Cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv rau rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb
Rau kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev cua sov, yuav tsum muaj ntau yam khoom siv thiab cov cuab yeej:
- Rwb thaiv tsev
- Waterproofing zaj duab xis.
- Kev tsim kho stapler rau kho cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv dej.
- Cov kab xev hlau rau txuas kev tiv thaiv dej lossis nthuav cov laug cam polystyrene.
- Qhuav tus kheej-leveling qhob sib tov. Nws yuav xav tau yog tias rwb thaiv tsev nrog nthuav polystyrene lossis basalt wool slabs tau xaiv.
- Qhuav nplaum sib xyaw kom nruj styrofoam tso.
- Hacksaw nrog cov hniav zoo rau txiav styrofoam lossis basalt wool slabs.
- Trowel rau leveling ntxhib thiab nplua qhob screed.
- Koob menyuam rau dov daim ntawv nthuav dav polystyrene thiab tshem tawm huab cua npuas los ntawm tus kheej-qib sib xyaw ua vaj tsev sib xyaw.
- Laum nrog cov khoom sib tov txuas rau fluffing ecowool thiab sib tov nws tus kheej-qib sib xyaw ua vaj tsev sib xyaw.
- Thoob.
- Qib.
- Chisel, rauj, trowel - rau qib ua haujlwm.
Kev npaj ua haujlwm ua ntej rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av
Tshem tawm cov plag tsev uas tau ua tiav, yog tias tau teeb tsa cov vuas, lawv kuj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tom qab mus txog qhov ua cov pob zeb loj. Kuaj nws thiab txheeb xyuas nws nrog qib. Yog tias tsis muaj humps thiab kev nyuaj siab, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab yog li 2 cm ib 'meter', koj muaj hmoo. Txhua yam uas tseem tshuav yog tshem tawm cov khib nyiab thiab hmoov av.
Yog tias cov pob zeb ua pob zeb tau nchuav tsis zoo, ua raws cov lus pom zoo no:
- Tshem cov khib nyiab thiab hmoov av.
- Tshem tawm cov pob, sau lub qhov nrog cov cement mortar.
- Cia cov tshuaj qhuav (ob peb hnub).
- Qib nrog tus kheej-leveling compound.
- Cia hauv pem teb qhuav kom huv si.
Kev ua haujlwm qib yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau txhawm rau thaiv cov pob zeb hauv av nrog txhua yam nthuav dav polystyrene thiab ntxhia (basalt) ntaub plaub hauv cov pob zeb. Rau cov av nplaum nthuav dav, ecowool thiab cov ntxhia pob zeb hauv yob, koj tsuas yog xav tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, plua plav, tsoo qhov pom tseeb thiab npog cov qhov.
Qhob pem teb rwb thaiv tsev tshuab
Ua haujlwm nrog nthuav polystyrene, nthuav av nplaum, ntxhia pob zeb thiab ecowool muaj rau kev ua haujlwm ywj pheej. Cov lus qhia ntxaws txog kev tso txhua qhov rwb thaiv tsev yuav pab tiv thaiv kev ua yuam kev thiab ua tiav txhua yam hauv lub sijhawm luv tshaj.
Rwb thaiv tsev hauv av nrog ua npuas dej
Qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv pheej yig tshaj plaws. Styrofoam yog qhov tsim nyog rau rwb thaiv tsev ob qho tib si hauv qab cov qhob screed thiab nrog cov cav. Hauv qhov xwm txheej thib ob, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov cua sov ua kom sov ntawm tsob ntoo ntau dua. Yog li ntawd, cov lags yuav dhau los ua khaub thuas txias.
Cov txheej txheem rau rwb thaiv tsev hauv qab qhob screed (teeb tsa ntab):
- Npog cov pob zeb ua pob zeb nrog qhwv yas. Ruaj rau cov pob qij txha nrog daim kab xev hlau. Nqa zaj duab xis ntawm phab ntsa los ntawm 15 centimeters.
- Ua ntawv thov thawj txheej ua npuas dej, soj ntsuam cov txheej txheem qhwv - cov kab ntsug hauv kab uas nyob ib sab yuav tsum tsis txhob sib tshooj.
- Nruab ib txheej thib ob ua npuas ncauj. Saum toj no txhua lub seam ntawm thawj qib, yuav tsum muaj tag nrho cov nplais ntawm rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv ob.
- Npog cov nqaws dej hauv txheej thib ob ntawm ua npuas ncauj nrog daim kab xev hlau.
- Nruab ib txheej thib ob ntawm kev tiv thaiv dej yog tias koj npaj yuav nchuav cov qhob nyias nyias rau saum. Yog tias yuav tsum muaj cov ntoo hauv av, txheej thib ob ntawm kev tiv thaiv dej tsis xav tau.
- Npaj qhov sib xyaw ua ke tus kheej: ncuav dej mus rau hauv lub thoob thiab ncuav cov dej sib tov sib xyaw rau hauv nws raws li cov lus qhia.
- Faib hauv av ua vaj huam sib luag sib npaug. Ncuav cov qhob screed hla lawv, ua tib zoo ntsuas qib saum npoo nrog lub trowel.
- Tso cai rau saum npoo kom tau txais lub zog ua haujlwm.
- Thov siv ib lub tsho tshaj sab.
Kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av tau ua tiav. Qhov nyuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem tsuas yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev nchuav cov qhob qhob. Nws cov tuab nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev tso rau saum cov vuas luaj ceramic lossis cov pob zeb pob zeb yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg 5 centimeters. Ib yam nkaus, kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av tau ua tiav, tsuas yog ua npuas dej tsis tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov ntxhib zeb, tab sis ntawm cov xuab zeb-tsoo pob zeb hauv ncoo, npog nrog zaj duab xis tiv thaiv dej.
Tseem ceeb! Muaj insulated lub hauv paus qhob nrog nthuav polystyrene, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv rau hauv pem teb sov (dej lossis hluav taws xob). Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tsis yog txheej thib ob ntawm polyethylene, siv cov ntawv ci rwb thaiv tsev - ntawv ci rwb thaiv tsev lossis ntawv ci penofol. Ib qho "chav sov" tau teeb tsa rau saum nws.
Rwb thaiv tsev kub ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke nrog penoplex
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov av hauv av nrog penoplex tau ua tiav hauv tib txoj kev. Cov khoom siv no tsis xav tau kev tiv thaiv ob tog thiab tuaj yeem ua ncaj ncaj mus rau lub hauv paus pob zeb (txheej txheem nyuaj):
- Thov siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob nkag mus rau hauv cov subfloor thiab cia nws qhuav.
- Kaw cov kua nplaum sib tov raws li cov lus qhia nrog dej, sib tov nrog lub laum nrog cov khoom sib tov. Cia sawv ntsug rau 5-7 feeb thiab do dua.
- Dov lub rwb thaiv tsev nrog rab koob rau menyuam kom nce cov nplaum rau cov nplaum.
- Thov cov nplaum rau penoplex hauv txheej tas li siv cov spatula dav.
- Tshem tawm ntau tshaj nrog lub trowel notched.
- Muab cov rwb thaiv tsev tso rau hauv lub ces kaum, nias nws mus rau saum npoo.
- Txuas ntxiv nrog cov phaj uas seem. Ua raws cov txheej txheem kev hnav khaub ncaws thaum tso.
- Tom qab ua tiav kev teeb tsa, kaw cov pob qij txha nrog silicone sealant.
- Nruab ib lub reinforcing mesh ntawm penoplex.
- Faib thaj tsam hauv av kom sib npaug.
- Ua kom tiav cov lus pom zoo los ntawm kev ua tib zoo txhuam cov tshuaj khib hauv txhua qhov chaw nrog lub trowel.
- Tos kom txog thaum lub ntsej muag nce lub zog ua haujlwm.
- Tiav tawm.
Rwb thaiv tsev hauv av nrog nthuav av nplaum rov qab
Rwb thaiv tsev ua vaj tsev nrog cov khoom no hauv ib lub tsev ntiav lossis ntau lub tsev nyob hauv av. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv cua sov no tsis tuaj yeem siv rau cov chav me nrog cov qauv siab hauv qab nthab, vim nws "noj" txog 25 cm ntawm qhov chaw (nug tus kws tshaj lij los xam qhov tuab ntawm rwb thaiv tsev rau koj cheeb tsam).
Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm nrog nthuav av nplaum:
- Ua kom tsis muaj dej tsis haum, tuav cov phab ntsa kom siab rau qhov rwb thaiv tsev kom tso. Siv ntom polyethylene lossis mastic tshwj xeeb rau qhov no.
- Sau nrog cov av nplaum nthuav dav, qib nws nrog tus nkhaus.
- Nruab reinforcing mesh.
- Npaj cov ntxhib screed cement sib tov. Siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom qhuav hauv cov hnab, sib tov lawv nrog dej raws li cov lus qhia. Cov tshuaj tiav yuav tsum tsis txhob ntws!
- Faib hauv pem teb rau hauv plaub fab ntawm kwv yees li sib npaug.
- Sau rau hauv cov plaub fab, qib ib leeg nrog lub trowel. Tom qab ntawd txav mus rau qhov tom ntej.
- Cia rau hauv pem teb tiav ua haujlwm hnyav.
- Ncuav rau hauv ib qho kev ua tiav nyias nyias (txog li 5 cm tuab).
- Teem lub tsho tiv no tiav - vuas, parquet, laminate, classic ntoo lossis linoleum, ntaub pua plag.
Rwb thaiv tsev kub ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av nrog cov ntaub plaub basalt
Cov ntaub plaub tsis yog cov khoom pheej yig tshaj rau rwb thaiv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov kev xaiv yog qhov ncaj ncees yog tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau thaiv cov pob zeb hauv av. Cov cua sov hauv pem teb tuaj yeem tso rau saum cov ntaub plaub basalt.
Rau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av, koj tuaj yeem siv cov pob zeb hauv av thiab cov paj rwb hauv cov yob. Cov phaj tau teeb tsa zoo ib yam rau nthuav polystyrene (ntab nteg), thiab cov cav yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv yob. Ntawm lawv, thaum kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev, cov ntoo zoo yuav raug tso. Ib qho hluav taws xob sov hauv pem teb tau tso rau saum cov rwb thaiv tsev. Nrog kev pab hauv chav ntau: lub hauv paus tau faib ua ib nrab, yog tias chav nyob yog nqaim thiab ntev, lossis sib npaug 4 ntu.
Kev tsim ntawm basalt slabs:
- Ua kom tsis muaj dej tsis haum, tuav cov phab ntsa kom siab rau qhov rwb thaiv tsev kom tso. Siv ntom polyethylene lossis mastic tshwj xeeb rau qhov no.
- Thaum nteg, saib ua ntu zus - cov pob qij txha ntsug nruab nrab ntawm cov laug cam yuav tsum tsis txhob coincide.
- Rwb thaiv cov pob qij txha nrog daim kab xev hlau.
- Hloov chaw ntawm txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej thib ob, ntuag cov ntawv ci nyias nrog cov ntawv ci tig mus. Nws yuav tiv thaiv cua sov rov qab, thiab cov paj rwb yuav tsis cia qhov txias dhau mus.
- Txhim kho qhov system "sov hauv pem teb". Ua raws cov lus qhia nruj me ntsis, tsis khoov qhov chaw tsis raug thiab tsis txhob sib tshooj hauv qab cua sov. Muab qhov hloov pauv siab dua qib theem ntawm plinth yav tom ntej. Yog hais tias thaj chaw hauv av tau muab faib ua ntu vim nws qhov loj, "txheej txheem sov" tau teeb tsa hauv txhua ntawm lawv thiab hloov pauv tau tshwm rau txhua tus.
Rau kev ntog yob ntawm cov tsiaj txhu tsiaj txhu, lub tshuab lag luam tau teeb tsa - nyob ib puag ncig ntawm chav thiab hla, raws qhov dav ntawm txhua yob. Rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum nkag mus rau kab noj hniav npaj rau nws nrog qee qhov kev rau siab. Cov txheej txheem rau tso dov basalt wool:
- Muab tso rau hauv hnab yas. Rwb thaiv cov pob qij txha nrog daim kab xev tsim.
- Txhim kho cov dej tsis sib haum nrog lub stapler rau cov joists.
- Muab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov cav.
- Npog nws nrog cov pa ua pa.
- Nruab ib qho ntxhib thiab tom qab ntawd ua cov ntoo zoo.
Ua kom sov hauv av nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes nrog cov ntaub plaub basalt yog siv sijhawm, tab sis cov txheej txheem ua tau zoo. Hom rwb thaiv tsev no haum tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau hauv qab nthab hauv lub tsev siab, tab sis kuj yog rau rwb thaiv tsev hauv tsev ntiag tug ntawm ib plag.
Qhov nrug nruab nrab ntawm "hauv pem teb sov", tso rau ntawm cov ntawv ci rwb thaiv tsev, thiab qhov kawg yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 3 cm.
Cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av nrog ecowool
Cov ntawv pov tseg yog cov cua sov zoo heev. Yog li, siv ecowool rau insulating qab nthab qab nthab hauv ib lub tsev ntiav thiab ntau lub tsev. Nws raug nquahu kom hu xov tooj rau cov kws ua haujlwm kom ua haujlwm nrog qhov rwb thaiv tsev no. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau txuag nyiaj, sim rov ntim cov khoom koj tus kheej.
Rau rwb thaiv tsev nrog ecowool, tsis xav tau kev npaj tshwj xeeb. Cov khoom tsis saib xyuas txawm tias lub hauv paus tiaj lossis nkhaus; nws tawg thiab ua rau txawm tias qhov khoob me tshaj plaws. Ecowool qhob pem teb rwb thaiv tsev thev naus laus zis:
- Tshem tawm hauv pem teb tiav. Yog tias cov laug cam zoo li qub, xuab zeb lawv, qhib lawv nrog cov roj linseed lossis lwm yam tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Tshawb xyuas cov lags. Yog tias lawv muaj zog heev, hla lawv nrog cov roj linseed.
- Ntxuav tawm cov pob zeb ua pob zeb.
- Teem ib daim yas yas qhwv rau ntawm ko taw.
- Unpack lub hnab ntawm ecowool, ncuav cov ntsiab lus rau hauv lub tank sib sib zog nqus thiab fluff siv lub laum nrog cov khoom sib tov. Qhov rwb thaiv tsev yuav kwv yees li peb npaug hauv ntim.
- Ncuav ecowool rau hauv ib qho kab noj hniav. Pib tamping nrog koj txhais tes lossis nrog lub dav dav trowel. Ua qhov kev txiav txim kom txog thaum koj xav tias muaj zog rov qab los.
- Backfill cov kab noj hniav uas seem thiab ua kom zoo rwb thaiv tsev.
- Tso plywood raws cov cav.
- Nruab ib lub tsev tiav rau saum.
Ecowool tsis xav tau kev tiv thaiv ob tog. Thaum cov dej noo nkag mus, txheej txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm rwb thaiv tsev tau ua los ntawm cov tawv tawv muaj zog. Sab hauv xws li "plhaub", rwb thaiv tsev tseem nyob hauv tib lub xeev, nws cov yam ntxwv rwb thaiv tsev tsis hloov pauv. Saib cov vis dis aus hais txog kev rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb:
Tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas insulate koj cov pob zeb hauv av? Txheeb xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev cua sov. Xam pes tsawg ntawm lawv yuav xav tau los tiv thaiv hauv pem teb hauv chav tsev lossis tsev. Txheeb tus nqi hauv khw muag khoom kho vajtse. Thiab txiav txim siab. Nco ntsoov, cov cua sov hauv qab yog qhov ua kom sov hauv chav thiab txuag hluav taws xob zoo.
