Plaster moulding, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv, npaj rau kev ua haujlwm thiab tsim khoom siv tshuab. Plaster mouldings yog thawj cov ntsiab lus sab hauv uas tuaj yeem siv los muab nws zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj. Qhov kev kho kom zoo nkauj no zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kho chav nyob hauv cov qauv qub, qub qub lossis baroque. Ua tsaug rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm gypsum, qhov ua tau ntawm kev siv txawm tias qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws tau dhau los ua qhov tseeb. Kev xaiv qhov raug ntawm daim ntawv rau kev tsim cov yas pwm yog ib lub hauv paus tseem ceeb kom tau txais cov khoom lag luam zoo.
Cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv rau gypsum stucco molding ntawm phab ntsa
Lub koob npe nrov ntawm gypsum stucco molding yog vim qhov pheej yig ntawm cov khoom, nws dav faib thiab yooj yim ntawm kev ua. Gypsum yog cov cua khi, yog li ntawd, cov khoom tsim los ntawm nws lub hauv paus yog siv feem ntau rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv.
Cov khoom siv hauv paus yog tau los ntawm kev tua lub ntuj zeb gypsum thiab tom qab ntawd tsoo nws. Rau stucco ua haujlwm, qhuav thiab dawb gypsum raug coj mus, uas tsis muaj kev sib xyaw ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab ci ci.
Tom qab ntxiv dej, cov kua tshuaj gypsum pib ua kom tawv tawv tsis pub dhau rau rau feeb, thiab ua tiav - tsis pub dhau ib nrab teev. Txhawm rau nce nws lub sijhawm teeb tsa, cov tshuaj ntxiv tau nkag rau hauv kev daws: borax, txiv qaub, kua nplaum thiab surfactants. Yog tias cov kua nplaum tawv nqaij tau siv los ua tus neeg ua kom rov zoo, qhov kawg ntawm cov pob zeb tawv tawv tshwm sim hauv plaub caug feeb. Cov retarder tau ntxiv rau cov tshuaj ntawm tus nqi ntawm 0.2-2% los ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm gypsum.
Txhawm rau ua kom tawv tawv ntawm gypsum, siv cov tshuaj ntxiv: alum, ntsev ntsev, sodium sulfate lossis tsuas yog dej kub. Qee zaum cov cuab yeej siv ntawm gypsum yog qhov tsim nyog thaum tsim kho qee yam ntawm tib neeg lub cev los ntawm qhov xwm txheej lossis tshem daim npog ntsej muag.
Tus nqi dej rau tov cov tshuaj yog ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov zoo ntawm gypsum. Nws qhov kev sib tsoo zoo yuav xav tau dej tsawg. Qhov nruab nrab, qhov kawg nqus dej ntawm gypsum xav tau 18.6% ntawm cov kua los ntawm qhov hnyav. Rau kev tsim khoom ntawm stucco molding ntawm phab ntsa, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj raug xaiv ua piv txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev xyaum qhia pom tias kom tau txais kev sib xyaw ntawm qhov ib txwm ntom ntom rau 1 liv dej, 1.5 kg ntawm gypsum yuav tsum poob, feem, rau cov kua tuab - 2 kg, thiab rau cov kua kua - 1 kg.
Thaum gypsum hardens, cov cua sov tau tsim hauv cov tshuaj, thiab qhov sib xyaw ua kom nws ntim mus txog 1%. Nthuav tawm, nws nruj nreem sau tag nrho daim ntawv nrog nws cov ntsiab lus me me uas ua rau cov khoom zoo nkauj ntawm yav tom ntej stucco molding. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv yog nws cov dej tsis kam. Txhawm rau nce nws, ntxiv rau tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntu stucco, ua cov hauv qab no:
- Qhov sib xws ntawm cov hmoov nplej plaster yog ua kom nruj dua.
- Cov tshuaj ntxiv tau ntxiv rau cov tshuaj: dej emulsions ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws, sulfite-cawv mash lossis mylonft.
- Siv los sib tov gypsum 1.5% daws ntawm borax lossis zinc sulfate.
- Txiv qaub tau ntxiv rau hauv gypsum txog li 5% ntawm nws qhov hnyav.
- Cov ntu ua tiav ntawm cov stucco molding yog ua kom tsis haum nrog cov kev daws tshwj xeeb: potassium alum, hlau sulfate lossis zinc, dej barite.
- Lub zog muaj zog lossis polymerized gypsum uas muaj cov khoom siv hluavtaws tau siv.
Txhawm rau cais cov qauv stucco tiav los ntawm cov pwm, siv cov roj nplua nyeem, uas yog kev daws teeb meem ntawm stearin hauv kerosene. Rau nws txoj kev npaj, stearin tau yaj hauv dej da dej, thiab tom qab ntawd kerosene maj mam nchuav rau hauv nws. Cov txheej txheem yog nrog tas li nplawm ntawm qhov sib tov kom txog thaum ua tiav ntawm nws cov khoom.
Tom qab txias, cov roj thickens thiab dhau los ua Vaseline zoo li. Qhov sib piv ntawm stearin thiab kerosene yog 1 kg rau 2.5 litres. Ntxiv rau cov roj, hauv kev tsim cov gypsum stucco moulding, decoction ntawm ntoo tshauv ntoo tshauv, ntxhia roj emulsions, xab npum ua npuas ncauj lossis cov roj av jelly tau siv rau tib lub hom phiaj.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm gypsum stucco los ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab nce lawv lub zog, cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa tau siv. Qhov cuab lub zog tuaj yeem ua tooj liab tooj liab hlau, mesh ntaub, pas nrig hlau, rub, hemp lossis quav dev. Kev xaiv ntawm ib lossis lwm qhov kev txhawb zog yog nyob ntawm hom, qhov loj thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm cov khoom. Yog tias ua tau, nws tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj kev nruj nruj thiab tsis ze dua li 15 hli los ntawm sab nrauv ntawm stucco molding.
Kev npaj ua haujlwm ua ntej tsim cov plaster stucco
Cov stucco molding ua los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij yog qhov zoo nkauj kawg, tab sis qhov kev zoo siab no kim heev. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj txuj ci zoo nkauj, cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev pab ntawm cov cuab yeej yooj yim, koj tuaj yeem ua cov yas pwm rau koj tus kheej.
Txhua txoj haujlwm yuav suav nrog ntau theem: tsim cov duab kos lossis xaiv cov qauv, ua cov pwm, pov cov khoom lag luam thiab kho nws saum npoo. Tom ntej no, peb yuav tshuaj xyuas lawv txhua qhov kom ntxaws. Lub sijhawm no, koj yuav tsum khaws cov khoom tsim nyog, khoom siv tau thiab cov cuab yeej. Rau kev ua haujlwm koj yuav xav tau:
- Ib lub rooj tiaj tiaj nrog cov kab rov tav zoo kawg nkaus, txij li cov pwm stucco yuav khov rau ntawm nws, thiab qhov nqes hav me me tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib yuav.
- Zaj duab xis ntom ntom uas yuav tiv thaiv lub rooj thiab cov khoom ib puag ncig los ntawm cov hmoov av gypsum thiab nplaum cov khoom.
- Ib txheej ntawm spatulas, riam siv hluav taws xob, ntsuas kab xev, ntsuas lub khob, tus pas ntsuas thiab tus txhuam nqaim.
- Ua tsev yas los yog av nplaum.
- PVA kua nplaum, gypsum, xis mas rau kev tsim cov khoom loj.
- Silicone thiab tso tus neeg sawv cev.
- Ob rab phom rau silicone thiab ntxig ntxig.
- Cov pob thiab riam ua cov cuab yeej kos duab.
Ua ntej koj ua cov yas plaster nrog koj txhais tes, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab nws qhov loj thiab tsim. Hauv internet, phau ntawv keeb kwm, lossis phau ntawv tsim qauv tuaj yeem siv los ua kev txhawb siab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias gypsum stucco molding yuav tsum sib haum nrog cov style ntawm chav thiab sib haum xeeb haum rau hauv nws sab hauv. Thaum xaiv qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom, koj yuav tsum ua kom ntseeg tau tias lub décor tsis zoo li hnyav dhau thiab tsis npog qhov muag thiab lwm yam ntsiab lus.
Plaster molding tshuab rau phab ntsa
Cov thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub hauv plaster muab rau ua ntu zus los daws teeb meem ntau yam. Nws yuav xav tau kev ua siab ntev, mloog zoo, raug thiab qee qhov kev paub dhau los. Yog tias tsis muaj kev paub dhau los, koj tuaj yeem xyaum tsim cov ntawv me me stucco: rosettes, paj lossis monograms.
Yuav ua li cas ua pwm rau stucco
Koj yuav tsum pib los ntawm kev tsim qauv ntawm cov khoom zoo nkauj los ntawm plasticine. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau rau yav tom ntej casting ntawm cov khoom. Tus qauv yuav tsum tau ua me me loj dua li qhov npaj tseg. Kev siv cov yas yas ua rau nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov duab ntawm txhua lub sijhawm kom txog thaum koj tau txais yam koj xav tau tiag tiag. Tus qauv tuaj yeem tsim khoom raws li qhov kos duab xaiv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum luam tawm nws ntawm 1: 1 nplai thiab siv nws los kos cov qauv los ntawm av nplaum lossis yas. Yog tias kev paub dhau los tsis txaus los ua cov duab stucco, koj tuaj yeem siv qhov tsim nyog ua tiav polyurethane ib feem, xaiv ntau ntawm lawv muaj nyob hauv khw muag khoom kho vajtse. Nrog tsuas yog ib lub ntsiab lus, koj tuaj yeem ua ntau yam ntawm koj tus kheej qhov chaw plaster. Ntxiv mus, tus qauv polyurethane yog qhov yooj yim hloov kho los ntawm kev ntxiv cov yas yas rau nws lossis txiav tawm cov uas dhau. Ua ntej siv, tus qauv yuav tsum raug kho nrog tus neeg tso tawm kom yooj yim sib cais ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej los ntawm nws. Tom qab npaj tus qauv, koj tuaj yeem pib txheej txheem tseem ceeb. Ua ntej, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los sib xyaw cov roj silicone thiab silicone txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho qhov ywj pheej ntawm cov tshuaj. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua thaum cov phiaj xwm npaj tau muaj cov ntsiab lus nyuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntau cov curls thiab protrusions.
Ib daim ntawv yooj yim ntawm kev siv cov roj silicone rau nws cov khoom lag luam tsis xav tau. Lub khob ntsuas yuav tsum tau siv los tswj qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov hnyav. Qhov sib tov yuav tsum tau sib tov kom huv si kom txog thaum tus.
Ua ntej ua pwm rau stucco molding, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv silicone rau tus qauv nrog txhuam. Nws yuav tsum nkag mus rau hauv txhua lub qhov hws thiab kev nyuaj siab thiab tsis txhob tawm ntawm huab cua ua npuas, uas tuaj yeem ua rau puas ntxiv cov stucco molding. Tom qab thov thawj txheej ntawm kev sib xyaw, daim ntawv yav tom ntej yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj zog ntxiv nrog cov ntaub qhwv. Nws yuav tsum tau luam tawm rau hauv txheej txheej silicone, qhwv nruj ib ncig ntawm tus qauv, tab sis tsis nruj.
Tom qab txheej tau qhuav, ntau txheej txheej silicone yuav tsum tau siv rau cov qauv, muab lawv txhua 2-3 teev kom qhuav. Tag nrho cov tuab ntawm txheej yuav tsum yog li 3 hli. Hauv cov chaw uas muaj kev npaj loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov txheej txheem plaster, txheej txheej silicone yuav tsum tuab dua. Ntawm no nws yooj yim dua los thov nws nrog rab yaj phom.
Yog tias daim ntawv muaj teeb tsa nyuaj thiab qhov loj, nws yuav tsim nyog los ua cov hauv paus plaster rau nws. Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua stucco molding, qhov no yuav pab tiv thaiv cov duab los ntawm deformation. Txhawm rau ua lub hauv paus zoo li no, koj yuav xav tau ib lub thav duab ntawm qhov tsim nyog, ua los ntawm plywood lossis cov laug cam. Cov pwm yuav tsum tau teeb tsa hauv nws yam tsis tau tshem nws los ntawm tus qauv thiab ruaj nrog tib lub silicone.
Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum npaj cov tshuaj tov ntawm cov cement, gypsum thiab PVA kua nplaum, thiab tom qab ntawd ncuav nws hla tus ncej thiab qib saum npoo. Tom qab qhov sib xyaw tau teeb tsa, lub thav duab yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tig, cov qauv theej yuav tsum raug tshem tawm ntawm cov pwm silicone, thiab tom qab ntawd cov pwm nws tus kheej yuav tsum raug cais los ntawm cov yas. Hauv qhov no, ob ntu yuav qhuav sai dua. Kev ziab zaum kawg ntawm lub hauv paus thiab pwm yuav siv ob peb hnub. Tom qab nws ua tiav, koj tuaj yeem pib ua cov stucco molding.
Nta ntawm gypsum mortar casting
Ua ntej ua cov yas pwm, daim ntawv ua tiav yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kho nrog tus neeg tso tawm. Hauv thaj chaw qhuav, kev sib txuas ntawm gypsum rau silicone tuaj yeem ua rau pwm puas.
Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum npaj cov tshuaj plaster. Txhawm rau zam kom tsis txhob muaj pob, plaster yuav tsum tau nchuav rau hauv dej, tab sis tsis hloov pauv. Cov khoom tawg nyob saum cov dej kom txog thaum thaj chaw uas tsis nqus los ntawm cov kua tau tsim rau nws; 10 feem ntawm cov hmoov yuav tsum suav txog 7 feem ntawm dej.
Tom qab ntawd, tsis pub dhau ib pliag, koj yuav tsum muab sijhawm rau cov plaster kom nyob ntsiag to. Qhov no tshem tawm huab cua ntau dhau los ntawm kev daws teeb meem. Tom qab ntawd qhov sib tov yuav tsum tau ua kom huv thiab sib xyaw ua ke siv lub laum nrog cov khoom sib tov. Qhov sib xws ntawm qhov sib tov yuav tsum yog ib nrab kua. Qhov ntxiv ntawm PVA kua nplaum, muab me me thiab yav tas los yaj hauv dej, yuav ua rau cov tshuaj yas ntau dua thiab tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm cov khoom tiav. Ntev ntev dhau los yog qhov tsis xav tau, txij li nws tuaj yeem hloov cov txheej txheem tawv ntawm kev daws teeb meem thiab txuas ntxiv txo lub zog ntawm cov castings.
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej hauv tshuab stucco molding yog sau daim ntawv npaj nrog cov tshuaj khib nyiab. Thaum sau, cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab faib rau nws nrog kev txav txav. Qhov no tshem tawm cov huab cua uas tsis tsim nyog, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub plhaub tshwm rau ntawm qhov ua tiav stucco molding. Tom qab sau cov pwm, nws sab saum toj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ua kom zoo nrog cov spatula dav. Tus txheej txheem stucco molding txheej txheem qhuav li 15-20 feeb, tom qab uas nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm tau yooj yim los ntawm cov pwm yog tias yav tas los tau kho zoo nrog tus tso tawm. Qhov kawg kom qhuav ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau ua tiav hauv 24 teev ntawm chav sov.
Ua tiav cov stucco tiav rau phab ntsa
Thaum cov txheej txheem plaster pib dawb, koj tuaj yeem pib kho thiab kho kom raug. Hauv qhov no, cov kab noj hniav me yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, yog tias muaj, thiab qhov ntxhib ntawm qhov khoom yuav tsum tau xuab zeb nrog cov ntawv zoo.
Nyob rau sab ntawm ib feem mating nrog phab ntsa, koj yuav tsum tau ua tus thais rau kev ua kom zoo dua qub rau cov qauv. Tom qab ntawd, cov khoom yuav tsum tau ua ntej, thiab thaum muaj pes tsawg leeg qhuav, pleev xim rau hauv 2-4 txheej nrog cov xim pleev xim dej.
Saib cov vis dis aus hais txog kev ua gypsum stucco moldings:
Nkag siab yuav ua li cas ua stucco ntawm phab ntsa, koj tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog kho koj lub tsev, tab sis kuj ua pov thawj koj tus kheej ua tus neeg muaj tswv yim. Hmoov zoo nrog koj txoj haujlwm!
