Kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv rau cov phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj, xaiv cov cuab yeej thiab kev npaj saum npoo rau kev ua tiav nrog putty, cov lus qhia txog kev ua tiav. Kuj tseem muaj ntau hom kev sib xyaw saum npoo av. Lawv txawv nyob ntawm seb cov ntaub ntawv yog dab tsi.
Kev ua tiav cov putties, uas tuaj yeem siv los kho cov phab ntsa, tau muab faib ua ntau yam hauv qab no:
- Plaster raws putties … Cov cuab yeej nrov tshaj plaws rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa, suav nrog kho kom zoo nkauj. Nws muaj tus lej zoo: cov khoom siv yog ib puag ncig zoo, muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, ruaj khov, yas, tsis sib haum raws sijhawm, txheej txheem teeb tsa yog yooj yim thiab yuav tsis siv sij hawm ntau rau koj. Tom qab cov kua nplaum ua los ntawm cov kua nplaum ua kom qhuav tau qhuav tag, cov phab ntsa saum npoo yuav du thiab zoo siab rau qhov kov. Tab sis nws tseem tsim nyog hais txog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no - siab hygroscopicity. Yog tias chav muaj cov av noo ntau, tom qab ntawd nws tsis pom zoo siv gypsum plaster rau kho kom zoo nkauj. Ntawm kev tsim kho kev lag luam, koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom siv gypsum raws li cov hmoov qhuav, uas yuav tsum tau diluted nrog qee qhov dej hauv tsev ua ntej pib ua haujlwm. Qhov no yooj yim heev thiab siv tau, vim rau kev ua haujlwm tiav koj tuaj yeem siv tsuas yog qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom, uas yuav siv ib zaug.
- Cement raws putty … Cov khoom siv tiv taus ya raws, tiv taus txhua qhov kub tshaj, thiab nws kuj tseem ruaj khov. Qhov tsis zoo tseem ceeb yog qib siab ntawm shrinkage tom qab nws tau ua kom tawv tawv, ntxiv rau qhov nyiam ua rau tawg yog tias tsis kho kom zoo. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tso cov cement putty yog qhov nyuaj dua li thaum ua haujlwm nrog gypsum. Cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev teeb tsa phab ntsa hauv chav dej lossis chav ua noj. Rau kev ua kom zoo nkauj tiav, nws tsuas yog tsim nyog yog tias koj muaj qee yam txuj ci.
- Polymer txheej … Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau qib phab ntsa thiab kho kom zoo nkauj. Nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb yog nyob rau hauv ntau txoj hauv kev zoo dua li lwm cov putties. Polymer-based sib xyaw ua tau zoo heev, yas thiab muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. Cov txheej txheem ua kom nrawm thiab yooj yim, kev saib xyuas saum npoo yuav siv ob peb feeb. Cov putty yog cov dej noo-tiv taus, tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, tsis tseb ntau thaum qhuav. Muaj cov khoom zoo li no, cov khoom siv no suav hais tias yog thoob ntiaj teb, vim tias nws zoo meej rau kev ntim cov phab ntsa hauv txhua hom tsev. Xws li cov khoom sib xyaw polymer rau kev ua haujlwm zoo nkauj feem ntau muag tau npaj ua; koj tsis tas yuav tov lawv nrog cov kuab tshuaj. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom khoom siv hauv tsev no yog nws tus nqi siab.
- Acrylic raws putty … Kuj yog ib qho tshiab thiab kim kawg sib tov sib xyaw. Nrog kev kho qhov chaw kom raug, cov phab ntsa yuav saib zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj. Nrog kev pab los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke, phab ntsa yuav tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov av noo siab. Yog li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem kho cov phab ntsa nrog cov khoom siv hauv tsev no hauv chav dej, chav ua noj.
- Cov kua nplaum roj … Lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke rau xim yog cov roj linseed. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov khoom siv ntawd nyob deb ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab siv tau. Nws muaj ntau qhov tsis zoo. Cov khoom sib xyaw no tsis sib haum nrog txhua yam khoom siv hauv tsev. Yog tias, tom qab ua tiav cov phab ntsa nrog cov roj pleev, koj npaj yuav pleev xim rau nws, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv xim kuj tsuas yog siv cov roj ziab kom qhuav. Tab sis qhov tsis zoo tseem ceeb yog tias kev siv cov tshuaj zoo li no tuaj yeem ua teeb meem rau kev noj qab haus huv. Qhov sib xyaw no tau poob siab heev rau kev siv hauv thaj chaw nyob. Nws lub neej ua haujlwm luv. Dab tsi txog qhov zoo ntawm kev siv cov khoom no tsuas yog tus nqi qis ntawm cov khoom.
Npaj cov hmoov sib tov nruj me ntsis raws li cov lus qhia uas koj yuav pom ntawm lub ntim nrog cov khoom. Hniav phab ntsa zoo nkauj yuav ua tiav yog tias cov khoom sib xyaw tau zoo thiab muaj qhov sib xws raug. Tsuas yog qhov no, cov khoom siv yuav haum rau ntawm phab ntsa yam tsis kis, nws yuav tsis tawg, thiab cov txheej txheem sib tsoo yuav dhau mus yam tsis muaj teeb meem.
Tom qab koj tau sib xyaw cov khoom, lub taub hau ntawm cov khoom siv sib tov yuav tsum tau ntxuav tam sim. Thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom sib tov, koj tsis tas yuav teeb nws kom nrawm tshaj plaws, cov dej hauv lub khob yuav tsum sov (li +25 degrees), txhua yam cuab yeej ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau khaws kom huv, vim tias muaj cov khib nyiab uas nkag mus rau hauv cov dej. kev sib xyaw yuav ua rau nws tsis zoo, thiab kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa yuav tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Npaj cov phab ntsa rau kev thov plaster zoo nkauj
Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm phab ntsa, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov cuab yeej tsim nyog: ob lub spatulas (loj thiab me me), lub ntim uas yuav sib xyaw ua ke, tsim kev tov khoom txhawm rau sib tov sib xyaw. Ib qho ntxiv, nyob ntawm seb hom txheej txheem kho kom zoo nkauj twg koj yuav siv, koj yuav xav tau cov menyuam, stencils, daim ntaub, txhuam, txhuam.
Yog tias koj yuav ua tiav cov hniav zoo nkauj ntawm phab ntsa ntub dej, tom qab ntawd thawj qib yog kaw cov pob qij txha ntawm cov khoom siv, nrog rau tshem tawm cov qhov tsim thaum ua haujlwm nrog tus kheej tapping ntsia hlau. Yog tias koj pom tias ib feem ntawm qee qhov txuas txuas tawm ntawm phab ntsa, lawv yuav tsum tau muab ntsaws rau hauv ob peb millimeters tob. Rau kev khi cov nqaws thiab tus kheej tapping ntsia hlau hauv lub rooj tsav tsheb gypsum, pib siv cov yas.
Hniav plaster ntawm phab ntsa gypsum plasterboard xav tau cov haujlwm npaj hauv qab no:
- Ua ntej sib khi cov pob qij txha ntawm cov ntawv txheeb, ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov phab ntsa. Cov khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob ya tawm. Qhov chaw txiav yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo so nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb.
- Txhawm rau ua kom cov pob qij txha nruab nrab ntawm nplooj ntawv saib zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj, peb xub kho lawv nrog txheej txheej ntawm primer. Tom qab nws qhuav tag, peb pib npaj qhov pib muab tshuaj txhuam.
- Kev sib xyaw yog siv rau kev sib koom tes nrog lub trowel siv, uas yuav tsum tau nias me ntsis rau hauv qhov khoob. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj sib tov sib xyaw rau cov pob qij txha nrog cov npoo me me kom nws tsis ua kom nrawm dua.
- Peb muab daim kab xev txhawb nqa-serpyanka ntawm cov nqaws hla qhov sib tov. Ua haujlwm nrog daim kab xev yuav yooj yim dua yog tias koj xub knead nws me ntsis hauv koj txhais tes kom muab nws khov txaus.
- Ua kom rub txav, nias daim kab xev rau hauv cov txheej tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv putty.
- Tom qab daim kab xev txhawb nqa yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, du nws nrog spatula dav thiab tom qab ntawd tawm cov nqaws kom qhuav.
- Peb txhuam cov ntaub ntub dej nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb kom cov nqaws du.
Npaj ib lub cib ntsa rau txheej txheem ntawm cov hniav zoo nkauj tsis yog txheej txheem nyuaj, qhov tseem ceeb yog mloog cov lus qhia hauv qab no:
- Ua ntej pib ua kom zoo nkauj plastering ua haujlwm, peb tshem cov txheej qub ntawm plaster, yog tias muaj, los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm phab ntsa. Qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej, txij li txheej txheej tshiab ntawm cov sib xyaw putty yuav tsum muaj kev sib txuas zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrog lub hauv paus.
- Yog tias phab ntsa tau pleev xim, tom qab ua ntej ua lwm txoj haujlwm tiav, peb tshem tawm cov txheej txheej qub qub. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov txheej hniav txha hniav laus, siv tus txhuam hniav, txhuam txhuam hniav lossis ntawv txhuam hniav ntxhib. Ib qho kev txhuam hniav zoo kuj tseem yuav ua haujlwm.
- Yog tias muaj cov ntawv ntsa ntawm phab ntsa ua ntej, tom qab ntawd tshem cov khoom no nrog spatula. Yog tias nyob hauv qee qhov chaw cov ntawv ntsa tsis tawm, peb siv cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb los tshem cov ntawv qub.
- Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog them sai sai rau cov chaw uas cov phab ntsa thaiv tau txuas nrog rau sab nrauv. Feem ntau, daim ntawv tsis muaj nyob rau ntawd, thiab txheej txheej ntawm plaster tsuas yog siv rau saum. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los sau cov voids nrog ua npuas dej tsim.
Tom qab cov txheej txheej qub ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tiav tau raug tshem tawm ntawm phab ntsa, lawv yuav tsum, yog tias tsim nyog, yuav tsum tau plastered lossis npog nrog txheej txheej ntawm pib putty. Tom qab ntawd peb txhuam cov nplaim nrog cov ntawv ntxhib ntxhib.
Cov phab ntsa tiav yuav tsum tau ua ntej ua ntej thov txheej zoo nkauj ntawm putty. Ua ntej, peb ntxuav lawv ntawm cov hmoov av thiab av siv cov ntaub ntub dej los yog daim txhuam cev. Nrog cov menyuam dipped hauv kev daws teeb meem, koj yuav tsum ua tiav tag nrho phab ntsa. Yog tias nws nyuaj mus cuag qee qhov ntawm cov nplaim nrog cov menyuam, coj tus txhuam nqaim.
Tsis yog txhua tus primer haum rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov phab ntsa ntub dej! Kev siv qee yam tuaj yeem ua rau ntuav ntawm cov ntawv los xij. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej yuav khoom primer, koj yuav tsum paub tseeb tias nws puas haum rau ib hom phab ntsa tshwj xeeb.
Txoj hauv kev rau kev thov pleev xim rau ntawm phab ntsa
Rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa nrog putty, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua tiav. Kev ua tiav cov ntawv zoo nkauj tuaj yeem ua tiav siv cov cuab yeej xws li: lub tsev menyuam, npaj cov duab stencil npaj txhij, ntau yam txhuam los yog cov pob tw.
Xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog putty:
- Siv cov menyuam rau ntawm cov phab ntsa, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov duab uas zoo ib yam li velor. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj txhuam rau ntawm thaj chaw me me. Tsis txhob cia nws qhuav thiab mus ua haujlwm tam sim ntawd. Tus qauv meej tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm ib zaug taug kev ntawm phab ntsa nrog cov menyuam. Qhov ntau koj nias lub cuab yeej, ntau pob yuav tshwm rau ntawm phab ntsa. Rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua, cov menyuam tuaj yeem qhwv nrog cov ntaub ntxhib ntxhib. Yog tias muaj ntau dhau "fluffiness", nws yog qhov yooj yim kom du nws nrog spatula.
- Kev thov los ntawm txoj kev "nag". Peb thov cov khoom siv ntawm lub kaum tshwj xeeb ntawm kev nyiam. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, peb ntsuas cov phab ntsa thiab txuas cov beacons me me, los ntawm qhov uas peb yuav kho qhov nqes hav. Thaum muab tso rau hauv, peb tsis txhob nias lub spatula mus rau saum npoo. Qhov tsis muaj zog tiv tauj ntawm lub cuab yeej nrog phab ntsa, ntau pob yuav tshwm rau nws. Peb tos kom txog thaum qhov chaw qhuav thiab maj mam taug kev hla cov ntawv xuab zeb. Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog kom ua tiav cov xuab zeb. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog pleev xim rau phab ntsa. Hauv daim ntawv ua tiav, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm "nag" tsis sib xws yuav pom. Hauv qhov no, lub tiaj tiaj yuav dhau los pleev xim ntau dua, thiab cov dimples yuav nyob kaj.
- Koj tuaj yeem siv ntaub npuag los kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa. Tom qab muab cov kua nplaum tso rau ntawm phab ntsa thiab qhuav me ntsis, nqa ib daim me me ntawm daim ntaub thiab ntsaws nws tawm tsam saum npoo. Yog li, cov qauv ntuj ntawm cov ntaub yuav raug xa mus rau phab ntsa.
- Hauv khw muag khoom kho vajtse koj tuaj yeem yuav cov ntawv npaj ua rau phab ntsa dai kom zoo nkauj. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, nws yog ib qho yooj yim tig ib qho kev sib tov sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv ib qho zoo nkauj. Kho kom zoo nkauj qhov chaw nrog stencils yog txheej txheem ntev, tab sis qhov txiaj ntsig yuav zoo siab rau koj. Stencils yuav tsum tau thov nyob rau theem rau saum npoo av ntub dej. Koj tuaj yeem yooj yim nrhiav cov duab ntawm cov phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj siv stencils hauv Is Taws Nem.
- Koj tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev ntxhib los mos qub uas siv txhuam tas li nrog txhuam txhuam. Nov yog cov txheej txheem yooj yim uas txawm tias tus pib tshiab tuaj yeem ua tus tswv. Peb muab cov tshuaj pleev rau saum npoo, cia nws qhuav me ntsis thiab txhuam nws, tsim cov nyom. Lawv qhov tob thiab ntev tuaj yeem ua raws cai. Ib nrab voj voos, cov voj voos, kab txaij ua nrog txhuam txhuam zoo nkauj. Qhov saum npoo qhuav yuav tsum pleev xim dua.
- Ntses nplai txoj kev. Rau txoj hauv kev no los kho cov phab ntsa, tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb xav tau - tsuas yog me me spatula. Thov muab cov tshuaj txhuam rau hauv daim me me thiab tsis ua kom nws du. Tom qab ua ntawv thov, tso lub spatula tawm tsam saum npoo av ob peb feeb thiab rub nws rov qab. Qhov saum npoo tseem tsis sib luag me ntsis. Peb ua qhov no hla tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm phab ntsa txhawm rau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm "ntses nplai". Qhov kev ua tiav no zoo li qub tom qab tha xim kawg.
- Yog tias tsis muaj cov menyuam lossis stencils ntawm tes, tom qab ntawv siv txhais tes kiag li. Koj tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cov qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm phab ntsa nrog txhuam, thais spatulas lossis txawm tias tus da dej. Yog li, saum npoo ntawm phab ntsa yuav muaj kev ntxhib los mos zoo ib yam li pob zeb, ntuj pob zeb lossis suede.
Pleev xim rau ntawm phab ntsa
Tom qab cov tshuaj txhuam tau thov, nws yuav tsum tau tso cai lub sijhawm kom qhuav tag. Feem ntau nws siv sijhawm ib hnub. Txhawm rau hais txog qhov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm phab ntsa, nws tuaj yeem pleev xim nrog txheej ob txheej ntawm acrylic lossis dej-dispersion xim. Rau kev kho - txheej txheej ntawm cov kua roj vanish tsis muaj xim.
Nws yog qhov tsis raug los pleev xim rau phab ntsa nrog ib txheej thiab ib qho ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov xim, vim hais tias kev ntxhib los mos ntawm saum npoo tsis sawv tawm li no. Txhawm rau koj kev rau siab txhim kho phab ntsa nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes kom tsis txhob nkim sijhawm, siv tsawg kawg yog ob xim. Ua ntej, phab ntsa tau npog nrog cov xim pleev xim tsaus, thiab ib hnub tom qab, sai li thawj txheej tau qhuav, txheej tau ntxiv ob peb ntxoov sib dua ntawm lub hauv paus ib. Nws tau siv rau hauv cov cwj nrag ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm cov txheej kom zoo nkauj, yog li tsim kev xav zoo ib yam ntawm phab ntsa. Cov phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj yog npaj txhij.
Saib cov vis dis aus hais txog kev kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa ntawm peb lub vev xaib:
Koj tuaj yeem ua cov phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj nrog koj txhais tes. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum khaws cov khoom tsim nyog, cov cuab yeej thiab ua siab ntev. Ua raws li peb cov lus qhia ib qib zuj zus thiab koj cov phab ntsa yuav dhau los ua qhov zoo nkauj ntawm chav.
