Cov khoom siv yooj yim rau qhwv khoom plig Xyoo Tshiab. Cov tswv yim rau cov ntawv qhwv txawv txawv ua los ntawm ntawv, ntaub, yas. Cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj rau khoom plig rau Xyoo Tshiab.
Yuav npaj khoom plig rau Xyoo Tshiab yog lo lus nug uas txhawj xeeb ntau npaum li cas thaum lub caij so. Peb mob siab ua kom txaus siab rau cov txheeb ze thiab phooj ywg, thiab kev ntim khoom plig tshwj xeeb yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj. Ntxiv mus, qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yuav ua li cas kho kom zoo nkauj khoom plig rau Xyoo Tshiab.
Hom khoom plig qhwv rau Xyoo Tshiab
Ua ntej ntim khoom plig Xyoo Tshiab, xav txog yam khoom uas yuav ntim khoom. Nws yuav yog dab tsi. Cia peb xav txog hauv kev nthuav dav cov kev xaiv ntim khoom thiab lawv txawv li cas:
- Ntawv … Cov khw tshwj xeeb muag khoom plig ntawv: xim, dawb, ci, thiab lwm yam. Ntim khoom plig hauv nws, koj tuaj yeem kho nws nrog rab hneev rau qhwv paj. Yog tias tsis muaj daim ntawv khoom plig, siv ntawv xov xwm, ntawv ci, ntawv dawb dawb. Nrog txoj hauv kev raug, lawv saib tsis zoo li qub.
- Textile … Thaum siv cov ntaub ntawv nyoos, ua tib zoo mloog rau daim pam, txhob lo lo ntxhuav, ntaub linen, hnov, hnav khaub ncaws. Txhawm rau ntim qhov khoom plig nruab nrab, koj tsis xav tau ntaub ntau: ib nrab ntawm ib lub 'meter' yog txaus.
- Phuam los yog phuam qhwv caj dab … Thaum koj xav ua kom txaus siab rau cov neeg koj hlub, cov ntim zoo li lub phuam qhwv caj dab yuav ua ke. Siv kev xav los yog daim pam ua khoom ntim ntxiv. Txoj phuam lossis phuam tuaj yeem yog ib feem ntawm qhov khoom plig nws tus kheej.
- Cov khoom qub qub … Cov tsho uas tsis tsim nyog, cov ris tsho hnav, cov ris tsho hnav thiab cov khaub ncaws hnav tuaj yeem ua lub hauv paus rau ntim khoom. Cov khoom zoo yog ua los ntawm cov xov xov.
- Yas … Cov yas ntim qub, cov fwj tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv lub thawv khoom plig zoo nkauj.
- Xyoo tshiab kho kom zoo nkauj … Khoom plig hauv ntim zoo nkauj tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog cov khoom me me, uas feem ntau siv rau Xyoo Tshiab. Kho kom zoo nkauj nrog ntoo thuv cones, Christmas ntoo ceg, wreaths, Christmas ntoo khoom ua si. Cov ntsiab lus no ua rau ntim tau nthuav dua.
- Crafts thiab khoom rau lawv … Khawm, cov duab, sequins, paj dag yuav ua rau ntim ntau dua qub. Los ntawm cov ntsiab lus no, koj tuaj yeem ua khoom siv tes ua uas yuav dai khoom plig.
- Pom pom … Los ntawm cov xov, twine, ua hauv tsev pom-poms. Lawv yuav kho cov ntawv ntim.
- Lwm cov ntaub ntawv … Cov txheej txheem ntim tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws: ribbons, hneev, twine, thiab lwm yam.
Yuav ua li cas kom zoo nkauj dai khoom plig rau Xyoo Tshiab?
Nrog rau ntau yam khoom siv, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los qhwv khoom plig. Nws tau xaiv nyob ntawm qhov loj thiab qhov zoo ntawm yam khoom uas nws tau hais rau. Peb muab txoj hauv kev sib txawv ntawm yuav ua li cas zoo nkauj qhwv khoom plig rau Xyoo Tshiab.
Ntawv ntim
Nws yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los qhwv khoom plig hauv ntawv. Txawm tias ib tus neeg uas tsis tau ua yav dhau los nrog cov khoom siv tes ua tuaj yeem tiv nrog qhov no. Muaj cov txheej txheem sib txawv rau qhwv cov khoom plig: xaiv nyob ntawm qhov nyuaj thiab cov ntaub ntawv muaj.
Txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los qhwv DIY khoom plig rau Xyoo Tshiab yog kom yooj yim qhwv nws hauv ib daim ntawv. Yog tias cov ntawv me me, nqa ob peb daim thiab sib tshooj lawv. Muab qhov khoom plig tso rau saum toj hauv nruab nrab thiab qhwv nws. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub qhwv los ntawm kev sib nrug, ruaj ntseg nws nrog daim kab xev nyias, kho kom zoo nkauj nrog cov kab xev xim thiab cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj.
Qhov kev xaiv nthuav dua yog ntim cov khoom qab zib. Nws yuav xav tau daim ntawv ci thiab kab xev. Daim ntawv ntim khoom no haum rau khoom plig hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub tog raj kheej lossis raj. Txhawm rau ua "khoom qab zib", nqa ib daim ntawv uas yog ib feem peb ntev dua qhov khoom plig nws tus kheej. Muab nws tso rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm daim ntawv, qhwv nws, nplaum cov npoo nrog daim kab xev. Tie cov npoo nrog cov hlua, twine, hneev. Txoj hauv kev no, yuav npaj khoom plig rau menyuam li cas rau Xyoo Tshiab, yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov uas xav ua hnub so zoo rau cov menyuam.
Cov qhwv hauv liab zoo li zoo nkauj. Txawm nws yog dab tsi, siv lub ntim ci, xaiv cov hneev taw hauv qhov sib txawv ntxoov. Lub ntim liab nrog cov hneev liab zoo saib heev.
Rau qhov khoom plig me me, lub thawv ntawv zoo nkauj ntxim nyiam yog tsim nyog. Rau nws koj yuav xav tau:
- vajvoog raws li tus qauv;
- xaum;
- duab los qhia;
- tus kav;
- txiab;
- kab.
Txoj kev npaj:
- Muab tus qauv tso rau ntawm daim duab los qhia. Qhib lub voj voos kom lawv sib tshuam. Qhov tshwm sim duab zoo li tshoob lossis Olympic rings. Nco ntsoov: qhov ntsuas ntawm tus qauv yuav tsum sib haum rau qhov loj ntawm qhov khoom plig.
- Faib cov ntug ntawm cov voj voog ua 4 ntu. Lub pob zeb diamond yuav tsum tsim sab hauv ib ncig. Txiav tawm ib ncig.
- Khaws cov nplhaib sib dhos sab hauv kom lub thawv tawm los nrog 4 sab hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nplhaib uas sib tshuam ua ke.
- Muab khoom plig sab hauv.
- Khi lub thawv nrog kab xev los saum toj no.
- Kho cov ntaub qhwv nrog glitter lossis lwm yam khoom dai.
Qhov kev xaiv ntim tom ntej yog tsim los ntawm ntawv kraft. Siv nws los ua ib lub thawv nrog lub hauv paus dav ntawm qhov khoom plig. Ua ntej, kos ib daim duab ntawm lub ntim yav tom ntej, txiav thiab kua nplaum. Hloov cov npoo ntawm txhua sab hauv cov duab ntawm cov nplaim paj ntawm ob sab. Xuas qhov hauv lawv. Ntim koj qhov khoom plig. Hla cov kab xev rau hauv lub qhov thiab khi lawv nrog hneev ntawm lub thawv.
Thawj daim ntawv ntim khoom xaiv:
- Lub thawv ntxhw … Cov menyuam txoj hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj khoom plig, uas koj xav tau lub pob ua si tsis tu ncua. Yog tias lub qhwv tsis muaj xim, tsis pom, kos lub pob ntseg thiab lub cev ntawm tus ntxhw ntawm ib sab ntawm lub npov nrog tus xaum dub thiab tus cwj mem zoo. Kaw lub zais pa nrog lub caj dab nqes nruab nrab ntawm pob ntseg. Qhov no yuav yog lub cev ntawm tus ntxhw. Siv tus cwj mem uas muaj lub ntsej muag los kos qhov muag ntawm pob. Ntxhw npaj txhij. Lub ntim zoo li qub thiab yooj yim.
- Donkey ua los ntawm cov duab los qhia … Thawj ntim rau khoom plig yuav yog tus nees luav ua los ntawm cov duab los qhia. Txhawm rau ua nws, txiav 4 daim duab peb sab nrog cov hauv paus hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub xwmfab. Txuas lawv thiab lo rau lawv hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub hauv paus, tom qab muab khoom plig sab hauv. Kos lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus nees luav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm oval, taw tes rau hauv qab. Khaws qhov muag, raj, qhov ntswg rau nws. Txuas ib rab phom mus rau ib sab ntawm sab saum toj ntawm lub hauv paus. Koj tuaj yeem kos npe rau kev zoo siab ntawm lub npov. Koj tuaj yeem ua lub thawv zoo sib xws rau khoom plig zoo li lub duab plaub.
- Herringbone … Los ntawm tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, koj tuaj yeem ua lub ntim zoo li tus herringbone. Kos ib lub hauv paus puag. Kos daim duab peb sab Christmas ntoo los ntawm nws hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv. Txiav tawm qhov khoob thiab quav nws rau hauv lub hauv paus. Ruaj ntseg ob sab nrog daim kab xev. Ntxig khoom plig sab hauv. Txhawm rau tuav tus herringbone ua ke, ua qhov hauv txhua sab ntawm sab saum toj. Xov kab xev hla lawv thiab khi hneev taw rau saum.
- Daus … Kos ib lub duab plaub kom ua lub pob zoo li cov paj ntoo. Los ntawm txhua lub hauv paus, kos daim duab peb sab nrog qhov sib npaug. Muab qhov khoom plig tso rau sab hauv. Quav qhov xaus ua ke. Npaj snowflake los ntawm duab los qhia ua ntej. Hauv nruab nrab, ua lub nplhaib nrog txoj kab uas hla haum rau tuav qhov kawg ntawm daim duab peb sab ua ke. Kho cov snowflake nrog sparkles, pebbles. Txuas ob sab ntawm lub thawv thiab xov qhov kawg rau hauv lub nplhaib snowflake.
Xyoo tshiab khoom plig qhwv los ntawm ntaub
Textiles muab txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev ntim thawj qhov khoom plig rau Xyoo Tshiab. Xaiv cov ntaub zoo nkauj uas saib zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj:
- txhob lo lo ntxhuav;
- hlua;
- ntaub ntaub
- paj rwb nyias
Cov xim raug xaiv nyob ntawm qhov khoom plig thiab tus neeg tuaj tham. Yog tias koj tab tom xav txog yuav ua li cas kho lub Xyoo Tshiab lub txiaj ntsig rau poj niam, siv lo lo lo ntxhuav lossis paj ntaub. Koj tuaj yeem ua daim ntawv qhwv lossis ua kom zoo nkauj rau ntim cov ntawv los ntawm lawv.
Hnab looj tes, ntaub pua chaw, ntaub pua chaw, xav tias yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev dai khaub ncaws Xyoo Tshiab rau tus txiv neej. Khoom cuav uas zoo li tawv zoo.
Qhov kev xaiv yooj yim tshaj plaws yog txheej txheem Japanese furoshiki. Cov ntaub qhwv yog tsim los ntawm ib daim ntaub mos muag rau qhov loj ntawm qhov khoom plig. Qhov khoom tau muab tso rau hauv nruab nrab, cov npoo tau rub thiab khi nrog twine lossis kab xev. Lub hnab tuaj yeem dai kom zoo nkauj nrog Xyoo Tshiab cov duab, cov paj ntoo, cov ntawv sau. Txhawm rau ua qhov khoom plig zoo rau hnub so, xaiv thaj ua rau thaj.
Hnab looj tes, ris ntauv txhav, ntaub linen, zoo li tuaj yeem siv los qhwv khoom plig ib yam nkaus li nrog ntawv. Cov npoo ntawm daim ntaub raug kaw nrog kab xev lossis xaws ua ke. Khi ib txoj hlua los yog daim ntaub ntev rau saum qhov khoom plig.
Thawj qhov kev daws teeb meem rau Xyoo Tshiab ntim khoom yog khau raj. Qhov khoom plig tam sim no yuav zoo li tshwj xeeb rau menyuam. Ua ntej koj ua khoom plig Xyoo Tshiab nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, xav txog cov ntaub los xaws khau raj los ntawm. Muab qhov nyiam rau los yog ntaub plaub: cov ntaub yog tuab thiab khaws lawv cov duab zoo.
Txhawm rau ua khau raj, txiav 2 ib nrab ntawm cov duab los ntawm cov ntaub uas tau xaiv. Xaws lawv ua ke, tso ib lub qhov rau saum. Koj tuaj yeem xaws los ntawm sab hauv lossis nrog cov hniav zoo nkauj loj nyob sab nraud. Kho cov khau raj nrog paj ntaub, ntawv nplaum, sequins, khawm. Muab khoom plig tso rau sab hauv thiab dai nws ntawm tsob ntoo Christmas, saum lub txaj, lossis yooj yim muab nws rau tus neeg hais qhia.
Nws tsis yog lub tswv yim tsis zoo yuav ua li cas kho qhov khoom plig qab zib rau Xyoo Tshiab - kom ntim nws hauv lub hnab liab, zoo li Santa Claus. Muab cov khoom qab zib thiab lwm yam khoom qab zib tso rau hauv. Khi lub hnab nrog ib txoj hlua ci.
Rau cov khoom plig me me, lub hnab ntim zoo li lub hnab ntim khoom nrog tus neeg snowman lossis Santa Claus daim duab yog qhov tsim nyog. Raws li lub hauv paus, koj tuaj yeem nqa lub potholder hauv chav ua noj. Thaum tsis muaj, xaws los ntawm paj rwb. Npaj ib qho qauv, muab nws tso rau ntawm daim ntaub, thiab txiav tawm qhov khoob rau ob sab. Xaws ob sab. Xaws cov duab ntawm snowman lossis Santa Claus rau saum cov ntaub ntawm cov ntaub. Muab qhov khoom plig tso rau sab hauv. Yog tias koj ntshai tias nws yuav poob tawm, hla ib txoj hlua lossis hlua raws ntug ntawm tus nplaig, rub nws tawm thiab khi nws.
Rau cov poj niam, hnab ntaub yog tsim raws li khoom plig qhwv. Koj tuaj yeem xaws nws koj tus kheej lossis yuav nws los ntawm lub khw. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev ua kom zoo nkauj Xyoo Tshiab. Muab cov duab ntawm Santa Claus, luav, snowman lossis lwm yam Xyoo Tshiab tus phab ej, xaws los ntawm cov ntaub. Lawv yuav kho koj lub hnab nyiaj thiab muab nws ua kev zoo siab.
Ntim rau Khoom Plig Xyoo Tshiab los ntawm cov khaub ncaws qub
Yog tias koj muaj lub tsho qub, thom khwm, phuam qhwv caj dab, khau khau hauv tsev, siv lawv rau qhov khoom plig thawj zaug. Tsis txhob maj ua kom tawg lossis muab cov khoom pov tseg: lawv tseem yuav pab tau.
Cov phuam qhwv caj dab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau khi lub thawv khoom plig. Ib txoj phuam qhwv caj dab raws li kev dai kom zoo nkauj zoo tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm paj rwb, ntaub plaub, zoo li lossis ntaub qhwv ntaub. Koj tuaj yeem siv txoj phuam qhwv caj dab tshiab: tus neeg tuaj ntsib yuav zoo siab dua.
Xaws lub hnab khoom plig los ntawm cov sweaters qub thiab cov sweaters. Txiav qhov nrov plig plawg mus rau qhov xav tau ntev thiab dav, dhau mus nws kom cov xov tsis poob sib nrug. Muab qhov khoom plig tso rau sab hauv, nqa qhov xaus thiab khi lawv nrog cov xim sib txawv ntawm cov xov paj ntaub lossis paj rwb. Rau qhov khoom plig nruj thiab siab, lub tes tsho zoo tshaj plaws thiab tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau yooj yim rau hauv hnab.
Raws li kev coj noj coj ua qub nyob hauv tebchaws sab hnub poob, khoom plig feem ntau muab tso rau hauv cov thom khwm woolen ntev, tshwj xeeb yog cov no yog khoom plig rau menyuam mos. Muaj kev ntseeg tias Santa Claus ib zaug muab khoom plig rau tus menyuam txom nyem hauv lub thom khwm. Cov thom khwm zoo nkauj thom khwm tuaj yeem yog qhov xav tsis thoob hauv thiab ntawm lawv tus kheej. Koj tuaj yeem nyab xeeb muab khoom plig rau lawv.
Cov khau looj plab qub tuaj yeem ntim tau zoo. Ntxuav lawv, xaws cov qauv xim nrog cov xov, xaws ntawm cov nyees khawm thiab lwm yam kev dai kom zoo nkauj. Tus tsim qauv xav tias khau looj plab yog lub thawv khoom plig muaj peev xwm. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb yog thawj.
Muaj ntau lub xaws muaj cov qauv ntxim nyiam uas zoo rau ntim. Yog tias koj ua ntim tawm ntawm lawv, lawv yuav saib zoo.
Yuav ua li cas ntim cov yas rau khoom plig Xyoo Tshiab?
Lub raj mis yas pob tshab tuaj yeem siv los ua ntim khoom plig. Yog tias koj muaj lub thawv khoom plig qub tseg, kho lawv tshiab, kho lawv, thiab rov siv dua.
Cia peb saib ob peb txoj kev xaiv yuav ua li cas tig lub raj mis lossis lub thawv qub rau hauv cov khoom plig zoo nkauj:
- Lub tog raj kheej … Txhawm rau tsim khoom plig rau Xyoo Tshiab 2020, koj yuav xav tau lub raj mis yas 1.5-2 litres. Txiav tawm hauv qab thiab sab saum toj kom tsuas yog lub pob tshab pob tshab tseem nyob. Los ntawm cov ntawv tuab tuab los yog cov ntaub, txiav lub voj voog loj dua me me ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov haujlwm. Txiav cov npoo, grease lawv nrog kua nplaum thiab txuas rau hauv qab ntawm lub tog raj kheej. Muab qhov khoom plig tso rau sab hauv. Sab saum toj tuaj yeem npog nrog cov ntawv dawb lossis daim ntaub, khi nrog txoj hlua.
- Lub thawv yas nrog cov qauv khov … Yog tias koj muaj cov yas yas pob tshab qub, nqa cov duab ntawv dawb thiab npog hauv qab ntawm lub thawv nrog nws. Cov khoom yuav tam sim saib zoo nkauj dua. Kos cov qauv ntawm daim ntawv dawb thiab txiav tawm. Siv daim duab duab los kho qhov rais. Muab lawv tso rau hauv lub thawv yas hauv qab lossis saum toj. Kho cov sab saum toj nrog cov duab los qhia xim lossis lub hau yas tsis tu ncua.
- Kua … Siv 2 lub raj mis yas thiab txiav tawm hauv qab ntawm lawv. Ua ke 2 ntu no. Muab qhov khoom tam sim no tso rau hauv, qhwv hauv daim ntaub liab. Kho kom zoo nkauj lub thawv nrog ib tus pas zoo li tus qia, txuas ib daim ntawv, duab los qhia lossis xav rau nws.
- Santa Claus … Lub ntim yog tsim los ntawm 1 litres yas fwj. Txiav tawm sab saum toj ntawm lub thawv. Muab daim ntaub npog liab lossis xiav hloov. Xaws ntaub dawb los yog plaub rau hauv qab ntawm lub hau. Khaws qhov muag thiab qhov ntswg nyob hauv qab lub kaus mom. Muab qhov khoom plig tso rau sab hauv.
- Luav pob … Txhawm rau ua lub thawv zoo li luav, koj xav tau lub raj mis yas ib litre. Txiav caj dab. Txiav tawm lub voj voog los ntawm daim ntaub ntswg thiab muab tso rau ntawm lub caj dab ntawm lub raj mis kom nws ua raws li lub hau. Txiav tawm ob lub pob ntseg ntev los ntawm ntawv thiab kua nplaum rau lub caj dab ntawm lub raj mis. Muab daim ntawv paws tso rau pem hauv ntej, kos nrog tus cwj mem zoo li lub ntsej muag lossis pleev xim qhov muag, lo rau lub qhov ntswg dub. Muab qhov khoom plig tso rau hauv lub raj mis ua ntej npog nws nrog cov ntaub so ntswg. Cov ntim khoom no zoo meej rau khoom plig rau menyuam mos qab zib.
Raws li lub hauv paus, koj tuaj yeem siv cov raj rau cov chips, txhua lub ntim yas uas tuav nws cov duab zoo. Yog tias koj muaj kev xav, koj tuaj yeem kho lawv raws li qhov koj nyiam.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj Xyoo Tshiab khoom plig
Cov iav, iav tsom iav, thiab lwm yam iav ntim tuaj yeem yog khoom plig zoo heev. Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, khoom qab zib, cov khoom me me, cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, cov duab me me, cov khoom ua si, thiab lwm yam khoom plig zoo saib hauv cov thawv.
Txhawm rau kom lub thawv zoo nkauj, koj tuaj yeem kho nws nrog cov hlua lossis cov ntaub plaub, cov khoom qab zib, cov ntawv nplaum, lub ntsej muag ci. Siv daim ntaub los yog ntawv dawb rau lub hau.
Yog tias koj tuaj yeem nqa daim ntawv, yas lossis ntaub rau ntim, tom qab ntawv xaiv cov khoom zoo nkauj tsis txwv. Txhua yam ntawm tes yuav ua, suav nrog cov khoom siv tau.
Peb kho qhov khoom plig:
- cones, spruce ceg, rowan tassels;
- hlaws dai, tswb nrov, daim npav me me, khawm, thiab lwm yam;
- txiv kab ntxwv qhuav lossis txiv qaub wedges, cinnamon lossis vanilla sticks, tangerines me me, qhob cij;
- Christmas tsob ntoo tinsel;
- paj paj los yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- zoo siab inscription;
- cov khoom ua si hauv tsev;
- khoom qab zib, marshmallows;
- ribbons, nyo hau;
- dag daus, confetti.
Cov xim luam tawm ntawm cov ntawv dawb lossis ntaub zoo saib. Txhawm rau luam tawm, koj tuaj yeem siv tus menyuam thwj cim lossis tus xaum xaum ntab (rau cov thwj cim puag ncig). Muab lawv tso rau hauv cov xim thiab nthuav tawm cov kev xav zoo ib yam dhau ntawm lub pob.
Yog tias koj qhov khoom plig tsis haum rau hauv ib lub ntim, muab tso rau hauv ib lub thawv ntawv zoo tib yam. Koj tuaj yeem tso quav, paj rwb, daim ntawv ci ci hauv qab. Muab khoom plig tso rau saum. Kho kom zoo nkauj nrog hlua lossis hlua raws li xav tau. Muab daim npav xa ntawv, twig ntawm tsob ntoo Christmas, paj, paj ntoo los ua hauv tsev hauv lub thawv.
Yuav ua li cas qhwv khoom plig rau Xyoo Tshiab - saib cov vis dis aus:
Thaum xaiv pob, ua tus coj los ntawm tus neeg hais thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov khoom plig. Qhov kim dua thiab nyuaj dua tam sim no, yuav tsum muaj lub ntim ntim ntau dua. Cov menyuam yaus khoom plig tuaj yeem nthuav tawm hauv cov ntawv qhwv hauv cov khoom ua si, cov duab ntxim hlub ua los ntawm cov duab los qhia, yas, ntaub.
