Dab tsi yog kev coj noj coj ua raug pom ntawm Shrovetide? Cov tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim cov khoom siv tes ua rau Shrovetide: los ntawm ntawv, ntsev ua khob noom cookie, ntaub, xov paj. Qhia rau niam txiv.
Khoom siv tes ua rau Shrovetide yog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov qauv tshiab thiab kev coj noj coj ua thaum ub. Sab Hnub Poob Slavs tsis tshua muaj lub tsev zoo nkauj thiab txoj kev rau hnub so, tsom mus rau kev ua koob tsheej thiab kev ua koob tsheej loj. Tab sis hauv qhov tseeb niaj hnub no, nws yog cov khoom siv tes ua ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm Maslenitsa uas tuaj yeem dhau los ua phau ntawv qhia keeb kwm ntawm hnub so thiab kev paub nrog cov kev coj noj coj ua zoo ntawm lawv thaj av.
Shrovetide kab lig kev cai
Maslenitsa los yog Maslenitsa yog ib qho kev ntseeg ua kev lom zem rau cov ntseeg uas kav tag nrho lub lim tiam ua ntej pib qiv. Txij li kev yoo mov tau khi rau hnub ntab ntawm Easter, Shrovetide tseem hloov hnub ntawm nws kev ua koob tsheej txhua xyoo. Thiab txawm hais tias daim ntawv qhia hnub hloov pauv txhua xyoo, kev coj noj coj ua ntawm kev ua koob tsheej tseem tsis hloov pauv.
Cov kws tshawb fawb sib cav hais tias yog vim li cas rau kev ua koob tsheej yog qhov kev cia siab ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav yuav los tom ntej, qhov ua rau lub ntuj tsaug zog thiab xav kom "tsav tsheb tawm lub caij ntuj no." Tab sis thov kos duab hauv kev npaj rau kev ua koob tsheej tsis tau siv ntau zaus. Khoom siv tes ua rau Maslenitsa nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes tau ua tsuas yog hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov cim zoo nkauj, uas tom qab ntawd hlawv lossis tawg sib nrug.
Nyob rau hauv pre-Christian lub sijhawm, cov tsiaj ua tsiaj no yog lub cim ntawm kev rov yug los ntawm xwm. Tab sis nrog kev tuaj txog ntawm Soviet lub zog, kev cai dab qhuas hnub so tau txwv tag nrho. Muaj tseeb tiag, nws tsis tau ua tiav kom tshem tawm txhua haiv neeg kev coj noj coj ua. Twb tau los ntawm 60s, hnub so tau rov qab los rau cov neeg raws li kev coj ua ntawm "Farewell to Winter".
Cov keeb kwm nyuaj ntawm kev ua koob tsheej tau coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias qee qhov kev coj noj coj ua tau hnov qab, thiab qee qhov tsuas yog tam sim no tau tsim. Txhawm rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog lub lis piam Maslenitsa ci, kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev coj noj coj ua cuam tshuam nrog hnub so, lawv ua khoom siv tes ua rau Maslenitsa hauv cov tsev kawm qib kindergarten thiab tsev kawm ntawv. Los ntawm cov khoom ua si hauv tsev, cov menyuam kawm paub txog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm hnub so, tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho cov txuj ci zoo, qhia kev xav thiab nco.
Nco tseg! Nyob rau lub sijhawm Soviet, tau tawm tsam kev tawm tsam kev ntseeg Christian hnub so, yog li tsis muaj xov xwm ntau txog kev tsim khoom hauv tsev rau Maslenitsa. Tab sis yog tias koj mob siab kawm keeb kwm ntawm hnub so, tom qab ntawd cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus yuav pom ntau yam tshiab. Cov niam txiv tau txhawb kom tsim nrog lawv cov menyuam, vim qhov no tsis tsuas yog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tus menyuam, tab sis feem ntau txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm ntau tiam neeg thiab tsim koj tsev neeg cov kab lis kev cai.
Pancake lub lim tiam kav 7 hnub. Thawj peb ntawm lawv yog kev npaj, lub sijhawm ntawm hnub so no hu ua "Nqaim". Thiab tom qab ntawd muaj 4 hnub ntawm kev ua koob tsheej loj, hu ua "Wide" Maslenitsa. Txhua hnub, nws tus kheej kev ua koob tsheej thiab kev ua koob tsheej tau muaj.
Yog tias koj xav ua cov khoom siv tes ua rau Shrovetide, sijhawm nws nyob rau ib hnub tshwj xeeb:
- Hnub Monday … Nws tau txiav txim siab tias yog lub rooj sib tham ntawm hnub so. Nws yog nyob rau hnub no uas kev npaj chaw ua yeeb yam sawv ntsug thiab thaj chaw lom zem tau ua tiav, thiab tau paub txog kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Maslenaya. Rau cov khoom siv tes ua no, cov khoom siv tau tuaj yeem siv tau - cov ntaub qhwv, ntawv, straw, paj rwb. Scarecrow tuaj yeem pleev xim nrog cov xim dej lossis gouache.
- Tuesday … Hnub no, cov tub ntxhais hluas sib sau ua ke ntawm qhov chaw ncaj ncees kom noj pancakes thiab caij cov dej khov. Cov khoom siv tes ua zoo tshaj plaws uas ua piv txwv hnub thib ob ntawm Lub Limtiam Orolet yog cov khoom ua si me me rau cov menyuam yaus ua los ntawm cov ntawv xim lossis zoo li, nrog rau lwm yam khoom siv.
- Wednesday … Hnub no, tus niam tais tau mus ntsib nws niam tais noj pancakes. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ceeb toom ntawm kev coj ua niaj hnub no yuav yog daim ntawv paj ntaub rau Shrovetide. Raws li lub hauv paus, koj yuav tsum coj lub voj daj, ua lub cim ntawm Hnub, thiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm koj tus kheej. Rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj, koj yuav xav tau xim nrog lub ci ci, xaum xim zoo nkauj los yog lub ntsej muag zoo li tus cwj mem, hlaws, hlaws.
- Hnub Thursday … Kev ua koob tsheej loj tau pib, tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas yog kev tso dag thiab lom zem. Hauv qee thaj tsam, nees nees los yog tshis hnav khaub ncaws hnav hauv txoj kev. Txhawm rau ua cov khoom siv tes ua rau Shrovetide hauv tsev kawm qib kindergarten, koj tuaj yeem siv cov yas yas lossis polymer av nplaum. Yog tias nws nyuaj rau menyuam yaus ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv no, sim ua cov duab los ntawm mov paj ntsev.
- Hnub Friday … Lwm hnub, thaum pancakes dhau los ua lub hauv paus zaub ntawm lub rooj. Hnub no, nws yog ib txwm mus ntsib (niam tais mus rau nws tus niam tais). Niaj hnub no, kev kho pancake tuaj yeem hloov pauv nrog cov khoom plig me me ua los ntawm ntaub lossis xov paj, qhov tseem ceeb yog cov qhua txaus siab rau qhov kev hloov pauv.
- Hnub Saturday … Cov ntxhais tuaj xyuas ib leeg thiab pauv khoom plig me me. Raws li hnub Saturday cov khoom siv tes ua rau Shrovetide nrog koj tus kheej tes, cov khoom me me hauv cov tub txib saum ntuj zoo haum.
- Zam Txim Hnub Sunday … Hnub no, nws yog kev coj los thov txim los ntawm cov txheeb ze thiab phooj ywg rau qhov kev thuam uas tshwm sim. Thaum yav tsaus ntuj, ntawm kev ua koob tsheej loj, tsiaj cov tsiaj ntawm Maslyana tau hnyav heev. Txhua qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm qhov kev lig kev cai no tuaj yeem nthuav tawm los ntawm kev ua tswm ciab nrog koj txhais tes. Maslenitsa crafts master class rau cov uas xav kawm paub ua haujlwm nrog cov ciab tuaj yeem nrhiav tau hauv online.
Nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias kev coj noj coj ua yuav txawv me ntsis hauv qee thaj tsam, tab sis feem ntau, cov khoom siv tes ua yuav tsum qhia kev zoo siab, kev ncaj ncees ntawm hnub so. Pancakes yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm Maslenaya, yog li nws yuav tsis ua ntxiv kom ntxiv lub hnub ci daj cim rau lub tswv yim ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua.
Tsis tas li nco ntsoov tias lub asthiv lom zem xaus nrog kev tuaj txog ntawm Lent Loj thiab kev npaj rau Easter, uas txhais tau tias cov tim tswv thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj yuav dhau los ua cov ncauj lus tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv tes ua ntawm Shrovetide Shrovetide.
Pancakes yog tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb ntawm Shrovetide. Thaum lub lim tiam lawv tau ci thiab faib txhua hnub. Thiab yog tias koj xav qhia koj tus menyuam tiag rau kev coj noj coj ua hauv zej zog, tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev ua zaub mov noj. Lub cim ntawm hnub so tsis yog tsuas yog ib pawg ntawm pancakes qab thiab pancakes, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem siv tau cov khoom siv tes ua los ntawm lawv. Nyias pancakes tau siv los ua cov tsiaj txhu siv cov tshuab thev naus laus zis, tab sis koj tseem tuaj yeem nrhiav kev qhia ua haujlwm hauv Is Taws Nem ntawm yuav ua li cas kho kom zoo nkauj menyuam roj hmab tiag tiag nrog pancakes. Txawm tias zoo siab-mus-ncig thiab tsev tau ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tau.
Cov tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws rau Shrovetide
Shrovetide tsis yog hnub so nkaus xwb, tab sis muaj suab nrov nrov ua kab ke thiab kev lom zem. Yog tias koj xav ua tib zoo npaj rau kev ua koob tsheej, tom qab ntawd los nrog koj tus kheej cov khoom siv tes ua rau txhua hnub. Qhov nyuaj ntawm txoj haujlwm yuav yog nyob ntawm hnub nyoog thiab kev txawj ntawm tus menyuam. Thawj cov khoom siv tes ua ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm Shrovetide tuaj yeem ua los ntawm daim ntawv los ntawm kev kos daim npav themed. Caw koj tus menyuam kom npau suav thiab tuaj nrog lawv tus kheej qhov xwm txheej rau Shrovetide ncaj ncees. Raws li koj tau paub nrog kev coj noj coj ua ntawm hnub so thiab kev loj hlob ntawm kev paub hauv kev ua haujlwm, koj tuaj yeem txav mus rau cov txheej txheem nyuaj dua - ua qauv los ntawm hmoov nplej los yog polymer av nplaum, xaws lossis xaws.
Origami
Cov ntawv dawb lossis dawb yog cov khoom siv tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev rau Shrovetide. Los ntawm daim ntawv, koj tuaj yeem ua ob daim npav tos txais ib txwm muaj thiab thaj chaw ncaj ncees, lub suab nrov nrov thiab txawm tias lub ntsej muag tsis zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog qhov txaus siab ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv ob qho tib si rau cov menyuam yaus, yog li thawj cov khoom siv tes ua rau Shrovetide hauv tsev kawm qib kindergarten tau ua qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws: lub voj voog raug txiav tawm ntawm daim ntawv daj, thiab tom qab ntawd ci ntawm cov nplej, ice cream sticks, satin ribbons folded in half with a tight loop is glued. Tsis txhob hnov qab pleev xim lub ntsej muag luag ntxhi rau lub hnub.
Cov menyuam yaus laus tuaj yeem ua cov khoom ua si lom zem tawm ntawm daim ntawv. Cov hauv paus puag ncig tau muab tais rau hauv ib nrab, thiab lub ntsej muag nrog kos cov ntsiab lus thiab cov leeg yog glued ntawm cov quav. Cov khoom ua si tsis zoo tau nthuav tawm rau ib leeg ua khoom plig me me, thiab ntxiv rau kev dai lub tsev, lawv tuaj yeem siv ua cov ntawv cim. Yog tias xav tau, cov ntawv zoo li no rau Shrovetide tau ntxiv nrog cov hneev satin (ntawm lub taub hau ntawm cov khoom ua si), cov paj loj lossis cov hlaws dai.
Khoom siv tes ua hauv tsev kawm ntawv rau Maslenitsa yog qhov nyuaj me ntsis hauv cov txheej txheem. Cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm theem siab raug caw los ua lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev ncaj ncees rau hnub so thiab ua kom lub ntsej muag ci ntsa iab tawm ntawm cov ntawv dawb thiab duab los qhia.
Tab sis cov khoom siv tes ua tseem ceeb, tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas, yuav tsum yog Maslenaya cov khoom ua tsiaj. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev los ua nws: ib daim ntawv tau muab tais zoo li lub accordion thiab khawm ib nrab los ua "kiv cua". Lub hau taub hau ntawm tus neeg tua tsiaj tau txuas rau lub hauv paus ntawm tus kiv cua nrog kua nplaum. Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov kua nplaum mus rau qhov chaw sib dhos rau menyuam yaus, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov hlaws lossis appliques.
Nco tseg! Lub hnub tuaj yeem ua txawm tias tsis siv txiab. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj xav tau cov xim daj, lub phaj yas thiab kev xav me ntsis. Tsis txhob ntshai sim thiab siv cov khoom uas tsis yog-tus qauv rau kev xaws.
Ntsev ua khob noom cookie
Ua khob noom cookie ntsev yog cov khoom yooj yim heev rau kev muaj tswv yim. Muaj cov khoom xyaw rau nws tsim hauv txhua lub tsev, txhua cov khoom xyaw muaj kev nyab xeeb txawm tias qhov me tshaj plaws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yooj yim dua rau cov menyuam txhawm rau knead lub khob noom cookie ntau dua li cov yas yas, thiab ntau dua li cov av nplaum polymer.
Txhawm rau knead ntsev ua khob noom cookie, koj yuav tsum sib tov 1 feem hmoov nrog ib nrab ib nrab ntsev zoo thiab dej txias (0.5 feem). Qhov hnyav yog lub teeb, airy, tab sis tsis nplaum. Lub khob noom cookie tau pleev xim nrog cov xim zaub mov, tab sis koj tseem tuaj yeem pleev xim cov khoom siv tiav nrog gouache ua ntej ziab.
Thawj cov khoom siv tes ua rau Shrovetide tuaj yeem tsim ua lub hnub. Rau qhov no, lub khob noom cookie ntsev tau nthuav tawm hauv ib txheej txawm tias thiab lub hnub raug txiav tawm raws li tus qauv npaj lossis txiav tawm. Txhawm rau ua kom lub khob noom cookie khov, cia nws ob peb feeb hauv qhov cub. Yog tias koj xav ua cov khoom siv tes ua nyuaj, ntxiv ntim rau lub hnub. Muab koj ob lub qhov muag tso rau hauv nruab nrab, muab luag ntxhi, lub qhov ntswg.
Nws kuj tseem zoo los ua cov duab peb -seem ntawm tus nees lossis tshis los ntawm ntsev ua khob noom cookie - cov khoom ib txwm ua rau butter rau hnub Thursday.
Cov khob noom cookie ntsev yog cov khoom siv tau zoo rau kev npaj cov tim tswv, uas tau nthuav tawm rau ib leeg rau hnub Saturday ntawm Shrovetide lub lim tiam. Koj tuaj yeem ua lub ntsej muag ntawm tus tim tswv thiab xib teg los ntawm lub khob noom cookie, thiab xaws lub cev tawm ntawm cov ntaub, sau nws nrog padding polyester lossis paj rwb. Cov menyuam kawm ntawv yuav ua cov khoom siv nyuaj ntawm lawv tus kheej, tab sis cov tub ntxhais kawm theem pib, nrog kev pab los ntawm lawv niam lawv txiv, yuav tsim cov khoom plig zoo nkauj heev.
Nco tseg! Scarecrow ntawm Maslenaya tsis yog ua los ntawm cov khob noom ntsev, vim nws yuav nyuaj rau rhuav nws thaum kawg ntawm hnub so.
Khoom siv tes ua los ntawm ntaub
Textile crafts tsuas yog yooj yim los ua cov ntawv. Piv txwv li, tsiaj txhu yooj yim heev ntawm Maslenaya yog tsim los ntawm daim ntaub hauv ob peb feeb. Qhov nrov plig plawg tau khawm zoo li lub accordion, thiab tom qab ntawd ib nrab. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm ob centimeters los ntawm daim ntaub, cov ntaub raug rub nrog xov, thiab lub accordion tau tawm. Yog li, nrog kev pab ntawm kev hloov pauv yooj yim, koj tau txais lub taub hau thiab lub cev ntawm cov tsiaj txhu. Los ntawm lwm daim ntaub, tuav thiab phuam qhwv caj dab rau cov tsiaj txhu. Kho kom zoo nkauj cov khoom siv tes ua yuav tsis siv sijhawm ntau.
Lwm qhov khoom siv yooj yim rau Shrovetide yog tus tim tswv ua los ntawm ntaub. Rau kev ua haujlwm koj yuav xav tau ib lub flap square thiab paj rwb, xov. Ib qho me me ntawm cov paj rwb tau tsoo nrog lub pob ntom ntom thiab tso rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub nrov plig plawg. Cov npoo ntawm cov flap tau txuas nrog, thiab pob paj rwb tau tsau nrog xov. Yog li, lub taub hau puag ncig nrog cov paj rwb thiab lub cev muag muag ntawm cov ntaub yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub. Cov khoom siv tes ua tuaj yeem nyuaj los ntawm kev ntxiv caj npab lossis tis, zoo li tus tim tswv.
Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, koj tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tsuas yog cov khoom siv zoo nkauj rau Shrovetide nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov xaum xaum, daim npav xa ntawv, kho kom zoo nkauj. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los ua qhov no yog siv kev xav. Cov ntaub yog mos heev, tab sis khaws nws cov duab zoo ntawm qhov txiav. Ib yam khoom siv tau zoo txuas nrog nws, txawm tias yooj yim PVA kua nplaum. Ib daim tawv daj tuaj yeem raug txiav hauv lub voj voog thiab ntxiv nrog cov noodles lossis cov ntoo, zoo li koj tau ua haujlwm nrog ntawv. Thiab cov khoom siv yooj yim tshaj plaws uas ua los ntawm kev xav yog, tej zaum, ib pawg txiav ntawm "pancakes" - ib txwm tsoos Pancake lub lim tiam.
Cov xov paj
Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov xov, nqai thiab xaws koob, cov poj niam koob tsim cov khoom sib xyaw rau Shrovetide - cov ntaub so ntswg hauv daim ntawv ntawm pancakes, lub hnub tau xaws. Cov kws tshaj lij uas paub dhau los siv cov hlua khi rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhav tas cov tsiaj lossis cov duab ntawm tus nees lossis tshis. Tab sis cov menyuam yaus kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov xov paj los ua khoom siv tes ua rau Shrovetide.
Txhawm rau ua haujlwm koj xav tau ob txoj hlua ntawm cov hlua. Peb txiav ib daim skein mus rau qhov ntev sib npaug ntawm 5-7 cm. Cov ntu ntu ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1 cm los ntawm cov ntug raug khi nruj nreem. Peb tau txais qhov tsis muaj tes tuav rau yav tom ntej cov tsiaj txhu.
Txiav lub skein thib ob rau hauv 15-18 cm daim, ua raws cov ntu thiab quav lawv hauv ib nrab. Nruab nrab ntawm ob daim ntawv peb muab tso rau ntawm cov leeg (nws hloov tawm ib hom ntoo khaub lig). Peb khi ob feem ntawm cov khoom ua si rau ib leeg. Xws li cov khoom ua si amulet yuav dhau los ua lub cim tiag tiag ntawm hnub so, thaum kawg qhov khoom ua si tau hlawv yam tsis muaj kev khuv xim.
Nco tseg! Kev hlawv cov neeg tua tsiaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua koob tsheej xws li tso dag, hais lus lom zem rau menyuam yaus thiab ua kev zoo siab. Pom kev coj noj coj ua, ua ke nrog koj tus menyuam, koj tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov khoom me me rau Shrovetide lossis teeb taws tswm ciab. Kev lom zem hauv tsev neeg raws li kev ntseeg nrov yuav rov hais dua rau cov menyuam thiab cov laus. Txhua xyoo tsev neeg tos ntsoov rau hnub so zoo li hnub so.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj ua khoom siv tes ua rau Shrovetide - saib cov vis dis aus:
Khoom siv tes ua rau Maslenitsa yog lub sijhawm zoo los kawm txog kab lis kev cai ntawm kev ua koob tsheej. Tom qab tag nrho, Maslyanaya yog qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb thaum kev ua koob tsheej kav rau 7 hnub tag nrho, rau txhua tus uas nws tus kheej tau ua kev cai raus dej. Thiab txawm hais tias kev ua koob tsheej pej xeem txhawj xeeb feem ntau yog cov neeg laus dua (rau sib yuav thiab hluas), cov menyuam tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv kev npaj nrov nrov, txhim kho kev lom zem rau Shrovetide ua khoom plig lossis kho kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev.
