Rwb thaiv tsev kub ntawm lub qab nthab nrog cov iav ua kua

2024 Tus sau: Arianna Cook | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 14:39

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv cov iav ua kua, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv, npaj lub qab nthab rau rwb thaiv tsev cua sov, thev naus laus zis rwb thaiv tsev, kho qhov kho qhov chaw nrog cov ntaub ncab. Qab nthab rwb thaiv tsev nrog kua iav yog thev naus laus zis raws li siv cov kua nplaum silicate, uas tau dhau mus thoob plaws ob qho tib si hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam thiab hauv kev tsim kho lossis kho vaj tse.

Nta ntawm kev siv cov iav ua kua

Cov khoom siv no yog cov dej daws raws li sodium silicate lossis potassium silicate, uas tseem muaj nyob hauv iav ib txwm muaj. Lwm lub npe rau nws yog silicate.

Cov dej iav yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas silicon dioxide nrog dej qab zib (potash), sib tov nws hauv lub tshuab nqus dej thiab ua kom yaj. Tsis xav tau cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis siab rau kev tsim khoom. Cov khoom lag luam tsim tau raug tsoo thiab yaj hauv cov kua dej. Thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov txheej txheem, tsis muaj xim lossis dawb muaju tau txais. Silicate tau tsim tawm raws li GOST 18958-73 thiab cov txheej txheem rau cov khoom uas muaj cov tshuaj potassium TU 5921-001-63022882-2010.

Muaj ob hom iav ua kua: sodium thiab potassium. Cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv sodium (sib xyaw ntawm ob qho oxides): Na2O + SiO2; modulus ntawm silicate tuaj yeem yog thaj tsam ntawm 2.0-3.5, thiab qhov ceev tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 1.3 txog 1.6 g / cm³… Potash kua iav muaj tus qauv ntawm 2.9 txog 3.5, thaum nws qhov ntom yog los ntawm 1.3 txog 1.4 g / cm³… Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov iav ua kua yog nws cov khoom cua sov zoo. Txhawm rau ua tiav lawv, nws yog kev coj ua los ua ke cov insulator no nrog cov cement lossis cov pob zeb hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1:10. Txoj hauv kev no tseem pom zoo rau cov khoom uas muaj dej ntau dhau: hauv chav da dej, saunas, chaw rau tsheb, thiab lwm yam.

Rwb thaiv tsev ua los ntawm cov iav ua kua yog siv los ua impregnation txhawm rau txhim kho cov cua sov zoo ntawm qab nthab, phab ntsa, hauv pem teb, hauv qab daus raug ib puag ncig lossis tsuas yog dej, piv txwv li, hauv pas dej da. Thaum ua cov qab nthab, ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tham txog kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntoo ntoo. Qhov no hais txog cov tsev ntoo - yav tas los tau tsim los yog cov tsev niaj hnub no.

Scope ntawm kev siv silicate:

• Kev tiv thaiv cua sov thiab kev tiv thaiv dej, phab ntsa thiab qab nthab hauv chav tau kho nrog nws thiab yog li tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev poob cua sov thiab nkag mus rau hauv dej.
• Kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov nplaim (ntoo, pob zeb, pob zeb ua ke) - ua ntej ua cov yas los yog ua cov ntawv ntsa, lawv tau npog nrog silicate.
• Cov khoom siv yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv los npaj kev daws teeb meem rau kev tso qhov cub thiab qhov cub.
• Nws yog siv rau kev teeb tsa linoleum, PVC vuas.
• Tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov putty rau cov kav dej.
• Nws yog siv rau kev tsim cov kua qaub-resistant thiab refractory silicate pawg.
• Tsim los tiv thaiv cov hauv paus dej hauv av.
• Cov dej iav dej Potassium tau siv dav hauv cov xim tsim, vim nws tiv taus huab cua.

Kev siv silicate tsis txwv rau thaj chaw saum toj no, nws yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev xws li putty, primer.

Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov iav ua kua

Thaum cov nplaim nplaum nrog silicate, nws sib xyaw nrog cov pa roj carbon dioxide uas muaj nyob hauv huab cua, yog li ntawd, nws ua kom khov thiab kho ob qho tib si nws cov duab thiab qhov loj.

Kev kho saum npoo nrog iav kua yog nrov vim muaj cov khoom zoo hauv qab no:

1. Ntev lub neej kev pabcuam, muab cov khoom muaj zog.
2. Tsim cov teeb meem rau kev nkag mus rau noo noo, raws li cov insulator muaj cov khoom ua kom ya raws zoo heev. Kev kho saum npoo nrog iav kua yuav tiv thaiv los ntawm dej tau ntev.
3. Muaj cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob, cov iav ua kua dej tiv thaiv qhov saum npoo los ntawm kev tsim ua kom zoo nkauj.
4. Cov khoom yog hluav taws kub, tiv taus kev kub hnyiab.
5. Muaj cov kub tsis kam tiv taus, tuaj yeem tiv taus kub txog +1000 degrees.
6. Ib puag ncig zoo rau tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig.
7. High fluidity - cov cuab yeej no ua rau iav nkag mus rau hauv qhov tsis xws luag, pob qij txha, ob qho tib si hauv ntoo thiab hauv cov khoom ua vaj tsev.
8. Tus nqi qis.
9. Cov khoom siv tsawg.
10. Yooj yim siv. Cov yam ntxwv no tsis xav tau kev piav qhia, vim hais tias silicate tau siv rau ntawm qhov chaw yam tsis siv zog siv rab phom los txhuam.

Muaj tus lej tshwj xeeb qhov tsis muaj zog thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov iav kua uas yuav tsum tau hais txog:

1. Lub hauv paus yuav tsum tsis raug kho nrog silicate yog tias nws yuav xav tau pleev xim rau yav tom ntej. Cov xim yuav tsis tuaj yeem dag ntawm qhov chaw kom kho, uas muaj cov yeeb yaj kiab los ntawm cov iav ua kua.
2. Qhov txwv ntawm daim ntawv thov yog txwv, cov insulator no tuaj yeem tsuas yog txau rau ntawm qhov chaw nrog cov pob zeb ua, plaster lossis ntoo.
3. Cov khoom siv nrawm nrawm, yog li yuav tsum muaj txuj ci tshwj xeeb los ua haujlwm.

Qab nthab rwb thaiv tsev thev naus laus zis nrog iav ua kua

Nws yog qhov ua tau zoo los ua cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev siv silicate rau ob tus kws tsim kev paub dhau los thiab pib tshiab. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum paub txog cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis thiab npaj cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov cuab yeej tsim nyog.

Cov cai rau xaiv iav kua

Cov neeg tsim khoom muab cov neeg siv khoom siv cov khoom sib txawv: ua kua lossis qhuav, ua cov hmoov lossis pob. Qhuav mloog zoo muaj nws qhov zoo hauv kev thauj mus los, nws tau thauj hauv hnab. Nws yaj hauv dej thiab yooj yim hloov mus rau hauv silicate, nws tsuas yog tsim nyog los soj ntsuam qhov feem.

Cov tuam txhab tseem ceeb ntawm cov iav ua kua hauv Russia:

• JSC "Kubanzheldormash" … Lub tuam txhab koom ua ke tau tsim cov khoom lag luam txij li xyoo 2007, nrog cov peev txheej tsim tawm ntawm 300 tons hauv ib hlis. Ua cov iav dej qab zib zoo, yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb hauv cheeb tsam yav qab teb.
• CJSC "Lub tsev lag luam" Stekloprodukt " … Cov khoom lag luam ntawm lub tuam txhab no los ntawm Ryazan tau muag rau ntau dua 200 tus neeg siv khoom lag luam hauv khw. Cov khoom siv los ntawm cov tuam txhab no tau siv hauv kev tsim kho chaw ua kis las Olympic hauv Sochi. Cov khoom lag luam raug tsim ua raws li cov qauv thiab thev naus laus zis tsim tawm.
• LLC "Metterra" … Ua tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kua dej qab zib iav. Cov khoom tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab no yog qhov xav tau zoo ntawm cov koom haum tsim kho thiab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua lag luam raws li tus nqi thiab zoo.
• LLC "Oxium" (UA) … Nws tsim cov khoom lag luam zoo, ua raws cov qauv ntawm GOST, txawm li cas los xij, ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, cov insulator uas muaj cov yam ntxwv tuaj yeem tsim tawm. Cov khoom lag luam xav tau los ntawm cov koom haum tsim kho hauv thaj av Ulyanovsk, ntxiv rau lwm thaj chaw.
• OJSC "Sib cuag" … Tsim cov npe khoom loj. Ntawm cov neeg siv khoom muaj cov khoom lag luam engineering uas tsim khoom siv khoom siv. Qhov txiaj ntsig tsis ntseeg yog tias lub tuam txhab tsim tsis tsuas yog iav kua, tab sis kuj yog iav iav, uas yooj yim dua hauv kev thauj mus los, tsis xav tau ntim ntxiv thiab tsis khov.
• JSC "Ivkhimprom" … Lub tuam txhab tau ua tiav kev txhim kho thiab tas li ua haujlwm ntawm kev tso tawm ntau yam tshiab ntawm iav, ua tsaug rau qhov no, kev tsim khoom tsis tsuas yog tsim cov khoom lag luam, tab sis kuj txhim kho hauv nws qhov chaw tshawb fawb.
• NPO "Silicat", St. Petersburg … Txawm hais tias lub koom haum tau tsim tsis ntev los no, xyoo 2009, nws ua tiav yeej kev lag luam muag khoom thiab nthuav cov neeg siv khoom ntau. Nws tau koom nrog tsim cov iav kua thiab cov pob silicate. Txij li cov kua iav tau siv ua qhov txuas txuas hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob, lub koom haum koom tes nrog cov tuam txhab tsim cov khoom no.

Koj tuaj yeem khaws cov insulator zoo li no txog 24 lub hlis. Thaum khaws cia ntawm qhov kub qis, nws tuaj yeem kis tau rau te, tab sis yog tias nws raug xa mus rau chav sov, tom qab ntawd nws cov khoom tau rov qab los. Thaum lub sijhawm khaws cia, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij tawv.

Yog tias koj xav tau txhawm rau ua kom nrawm thiab ua kom muaj cua sov zoo, nws ua rau pom zoo kom them sai sai rau cov kua iav rau qab nthab. Tom qab ua cov kev tiv thaiv zoo li no, nws tsis poob cua sov thiab tsis pub ya raws rau hauv chav. Cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem siv los kho ib qho qab nthab, tshwj xeeb yog cov ntoo, txij li, ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv qhov zoo, nws ua rau kom qhov hluav taws kub tsis txaus ntawm chav.

Kev npaj ua haujlwm

Txhawm rau pib nrog, lub qab nthab, uas yuav raug thaiv, raug tso tawm los ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tau kho, peb tshem tawm txhua qhov tsis xws luag, cov khoom qub uas nws tau ua tiav. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, peb siv spatula, thiab cov ntaub ntawv uas nyuaj rau rho tawm tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev siv lub perforator.

Yog tias lub qab nthab tau npog nrog cov xim pleev xim dej, nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm nrog spatula, yav tas los tau ntub nrog cov tshuaj iodine: 1 lub raj mis ib thoob dej. Ua ntej thov silicate, cov ntoo ntoo yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav kom huv nrog daim ntaub.

Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb uas siv cov rwb thaiv tsev rau saum npoo yog: rab phom tsuag, txhuam los yog cov menyuam. Koj kuj tseem yuav xav tau lub thoob, rab riam ntse, rab hneev nti, rauj, tus ntswj taub hau, rab diav rawg, qib, rab riam ntse, rab riam, txis, ntaub ntaub, taub hau ntswj, txhuas lossis yas yas, rab phom rau tensioning vinyl qab nthab.

Npaj cov khau roj hmab, hnab looj tes, tsom iav tshwj xeeb, apron - cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv yog qhov tsim nyog, txij li cov kua iav muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv alkaline. Ntxiv nrog rau cov kua iav nws tus kheej, koj yuav xav tau cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no rau kev rwb thaiv tsev: pob zeb, av, dej, ncab qab nthab (cov khoom kawg). Tom qab txhua qhov kev npaj ua haujlwm tiav, txheej txheej cua sov tuaj yeem siv tau.

Cov lus qhia rau kev thov iav kua rau lub qab nthab

Silicate kua nplaum yog siv rau lub qab nthab nrog rab phom tsuag, cov menyuam lossis txhuam, nws txhua yam nyob ntawm hom haujlwm. Yog tias siv cov tshuaj tsuag, tom qab ntawd cov dej haum thiab silicate yuav tsum tau npaj hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 5: 1. Cov tshuaj silicate npaj thaum lub sij hawm kho qhov chaw yuav tsum muaj chav sov. Qhov txiaj ntsig kawg nyob ntawm seb kev sib tw ua haujlwm tau zoo npaum li cas ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tau pom.

Lub algorithm rau kev ua haujlwm nws tus kheej yog raws li hauv qab no:

1. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshav kub-rwb thaiv tsev tau siv rau saum npoo nrog txhuam lossis cov menyuam, nws tau ua tib zoo ua kom zoo, nws tau nqus ze li ntawm qhov tob ntawm 1-2 hli.
2. Cov rwb thaiv tsev tau tso cai kom qhuav rau 30 feeb thiab txheej thib ob tau tso. Txhawm rau muab qhov tob tob ntawm cov khoom, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv ob peb txheej ntawm cov iav ua kua, tom qab ntawd cov impregnation tuaj yeem ncav cuag 20 hli hauv qhov tob. Npaj cov kev daws teeb meem los ntawm cov iav ua kua yuav tsum tau ua sai sai, vim tias lawv zoo li tawv.
3. Tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv tau muab tso rau saum npoo: kev daws cov kua silicate nrog dej tau npaj hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1:10 lossis 1:15, tom qab uas cov tshuaj npaj tau nchuav rau hauv cov qhob-cement sib tov thiab sib tov meej. Kev txwv tsis tu ncua ntawm kev daws teeb meem raug txwv, vim tias txheej txheem crystallization cuam tshuam thiab cov khoom poob nws qhov zoo.
4. Kev siv spatula, kev daws yog siv rau cov nqaws thiab kab nrib pleb. Rau kev sib txuas zoo, qhov saum npoo tuaj yeem ntub tau. Kev daws yog nchuav rau saum qab nthab tag nrho thiab tos kom txog thaum nws qhuav.

Vim nws cov peev txheej ntws, cov iav kua nkag mus rau hauv txhua qhov tsis xws luag thiab qhov tawg, yog li tiv thaiv thaj chaw kho los ntawm kev nkag mus rau dej thiab huab cua.

Tom qab ua tiav cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub qab nthab, tom qab 24 teev, koj tuaj yeem kho qhov saum npoo, piv txwv li, teeb tsa lub qab nthab.

Ua kom tiav qab nthab

Nws tseem yuav tau txiav txim siab qhov ua tiav ntawm lub qab nthab insulated, uas tuaj yeem kho kom zoo nkauj nrog cov vaj huam sib luag ncab. Kev siv cov khoom siv zoo li no tso cai rau koj nkaum txhua qhov tsis xwm yeem saum npoo thiab ua kom zoo nkauj ua kom muaj pes tsawg leeg hauv chav. Ncab qab nthab nyob hauv ib chav tsev hauv nroog tsim cov nyhuv ntawm airiness thiab ntim, thiab tseem tiv thaiv nws los ntawm ya raws los ntawm cov plag tsev uas nyob ib sab. Cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem xaiv txog 300 xim ntawm zaj duab xis nrog ntau yam cuam tshuam - ntoo, marble, daim iav, ntaub, ntxiv rau qhov matte nto.

Cov iav tsom iav ntawm lub qab nthab ci tso cai rau koj kom pom qhov dav hauv chav, tab sis cov pob qij txha tau pom meej rau lawv. Matte - cov khoom lag luam classic, tsis yog flashy, haum zoo rau sab hauv ntawm chav. Satin sawv ua ke cov khoom ntawm lub qab nthab saum toj no, qhov du ntawm qhov uas tso cai rau koj los ua kom pom kev zoo dua. Vinyl panels tau ua raws li qhov loj ntawm chav, yav tas los ntsuas nws.

Qab nthab ntaub muaj lwm qhov zoo dua - lawv cov kev teeb tsa ua rau tsim ntawm qhov tsis muaj qhov tsis sib xws kiag li. Lawv tau ua los ntawm polyester lossis knitted ntaub, kho nrog cov tshuaj polyurethane. Tsis zoo li PVC qab nthab, qab nthab textile tsis tau xaj, tab sis muag hauv yob, kwv yees li 5 metres dav. Textiles yog ruaj, yooj yim los kho thiab yooj yim rau nruab.

Ua ntej caw cov kws tshaj lij uas yuav koom nrog hauv kev teeb tsa cov canvas, peb pom zoo kom koj paub koj tus kheej nrog cov lus pom hauv qab no:

• Kev tsim qauv ntawm lub qab nthab nthuav dav tau xaiv tom qab xaiv cov ntawv ntsa thiab pleev xim.
• Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txuag nyiaj ntawm kev yuav khoom kim thiab muaj pov thawj ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Cov vaj huam sib luag tau coj los ntseeg tau ntau dua thiab ruaj khov dua li cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
• Txheeb xyuas qhov muaj daim ntawv pov thawj thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam.
• Aluminium-based fastening system, uas xav tau los teeb tsa cov yas yas, muaj zog dua li yas.
• Kev xaiv hom qab nthab (PVC lossis textiles) yuav nyob ntawm lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, nrog rau sab hauv ntawm chav.

Kev teeb tsa cov yas thiab textile stretch qab nthab yog tib yam, nws txawv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev ua haujlwm: yas rub tawm los ntawm lub ces kaum mus rau hauv nruab nrab, thiab ntaub, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau lub ces kaum.

Txhua daim ntawv nthuav dav yuav tsum muaj kev sib haum xeeb nrog sab hauv ntawm chav, yog li nws tau pom zoo kom tso siab rau tus kws tshaj lij tsis yog txhawm rau kho cov khoom rau saum qab nthab, tab sis kuj tseem tsim cov xim xim rau saum npoo. Tom qab ua tiav kev teeb tsa, koj tuaj yeem pib teeb cov teeb hauv lawv. Rau qhov no, nws raug nquahu kom siv halogen, fluorescent lossis cov roj teeb uas siv tau zoo. Thaum teeb lub teeb rau saum qab nthab, koj yuav tsum paub tias lub zog ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 60 W, thiab cov khoom siv halogen - 20-35 W. Kev tu ncua qab nthab tsis nyuaj heev. Thaum ua haujlwm, cov yas yas raug ntxuav nrog cov tshuaj ntxuav uas tshem tawm nrog dej. Koj tuaj yeem siv lub khob iav los so. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj xwm txheej twg koj yuav tsum tau txhuam nrog cov zom, cov khoom ntse, siv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom puas tsuaj! Cov ntaub ntab ntab tau raug ntxuav nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis txhuam.

Yuav ua li cas npog lub qab nthab nrog kua iav - saib cov vis dis aus:

Yog li, rwb thaiv tsev qab nthab nrog iav ua kua yog qhov ua pov thawj zoo hauv kev tsim kho, haum rau ntau hom tsev. Nws tau ua tiav hauv lub sijhawm luv luv thiab tsis xav tau cov peev txheej loj.