Vim li cas lub hom phiaj yog laminate substrates siv hauv thaj chaw nyob thiab tsis nyob hauv tsev, hom khoom tseem ceeb, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, cov yam ntxwv teeb tsa. Ib txheej laminate yog txheej hauv pem teb uas ua kom du tawm ntawm qhov ntxhib ntawm qhov ntxhib. Cov kab hauv qab no muaj lub zog thiab lub suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo, tiv nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab nqus pa - ua tsaug rau nws, hauv pem teb yuav tsis khoov thiab khom nyob rau hauv load, swb thiab "ua si" thaum taug kev. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv nrog cov yam ntxwv sib txawv.
Qhov yuav tsum tau siv lub laminate underlay
Niaj hnub no, laminate flooring yog cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws rau hauv pem teb. Nws yog qhov pheej yig, muaj cov xim sib txawv ntawm cov duab thiab cov qauv, thiab ntseeg tau thiab ruaj khov. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev los teeb nws txawm ntawm koj tus kheej.
Kab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv laminate flooring. Hauv ntau qhov kev hwm, nws nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv qab tias cov plag tsev yuav zoo npaum li cas thiab nws yuav nyob ntev npaum li cas yam tsis poob nws qhov tsos thiab kev ua tau zoo. Nws tsis tuaj yeem muab cov lus teb tsis meej rau lo lus nug uas cov txheej txheem rau laminate yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, vim tias txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus yam ntxwv thiab ib txhij ua ob peb yam haujlwm tseem ceeb. Ua ntej koj pib tso cov khoom tiav rau hauv pem teb, koj yuav tsum tso lub nraub qaum, txwv tsis pub cov hauv qab no yuav tshwm sim:
- Laminate boards tuaj yeem ua rau deform.
- Qhov ntsuas phoo tawg vim qhov hnyav dhau.
- Hws hws tshwm hauv qab laminate.
- Taug kev suab nrov tuaj yeem siab heev.
- Kab thiab kab mob phem tshwm sim nyob hauv qab lub hau.
Cov cai rau xaiv ib txheej rau laminate
Laminate thaub qab tuaj yeem yog hom sib txawv. Xaiv nws, koj yuav tsum tsom mus rau tus lej thiab cov cai:
- Ob lub laminate thiab ob sab hauv qab nws yuav tsum yog kwv yees los ntawm tib qeb nqe. Nws tsis muaj kev nkag siab los yuav ib lub substrate kim dua li cov laug cam lawv tus kheej. Qhov zoo ntawm cov plag tsev tiav yuav tsis zoo dua los ntawm qhov no, thiab cov khoom siv pheej yig yuav tsis siv ntev dua li lub sijhawm xav tau.
- Lub thickness ntawm laminate thaub qab yuav tsum tau khaws kom tsawg. Cov txheej tuab ntawm cov khoom siv yuav ua rau qis dua ntawm txheej txheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau cov chaw uas cov khoom hauv pem teb yog qhov siab tshaj plaws - hauv qab ob txhais ceg ntawm cov txee, daim hlau, rooj.
- Xav txog lub hom phiaj ntawm chav kho. Rau lub hom phiaj sib txawv, yuav tsum siv cov khoom thaub qab sib txawv - seb nws yog chav ua si, qhov twg muaj qhov tshwj xeeb xav tau tshwj xeeb rau hauv pem teb, lossis chav dej, qhov twg cov av noo tas li. Kuj xav txog ua ntej seb koj puas yuav txhim kho cua sov hauv qab.
- Ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov subfloor. Yog tias nws muaj ntau qhov tsis xwm yeem me me, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem ua rau lawv tawm los siv cov tuab tuab. Tib yam mus rau yog tias koj xav kom nce qib hauv cov chav nyob ib sab.
Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los xaiv cov khoom siv sab hauv, vim nws yuav vam khom lub txheej txheej zoo nkauj yuav nyob ntev npaum li cas, nws qhov xwm txheej sab nraud, nrog rau microclimate hauv tsev.
Cov hom tseem ceeb ntawm substrates rau laminate
Muaj ntau hom substrates. Txhua tus ntawm lawv nyob hauv pawg nqi sib txawv, uas yuav tso cai rau tus neeg yuav khoom xaiv qhov kev xaiv tsim nyog rau ib qho peev txheej twg. Thaum xav txog qhov txheej txheem twg los xaiv rau laminate, nco ntsoov ua tib zoo mloog nws lub suab nrov thiab cov cua sov ua kom zoo, nrog rau ntev npaum li cas cov khoom yuav khaws nws cov duab.
Cork underlay rau laminate
Qhov no yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws ntau yam. Nws lub suab rwb thaiv tsev yog nyob rau qib siab. Tsis tas li, cov khoom khaws cua sov kom zoo, yuav tsis rot dhau sijhawm, thiab kab yuav tsis pib hauv nws. Sab hauv ntawm cov khoom siv cork zoo kawg nkaus khaws nws cov duab, nws yuav tsis deform hauv qab cov ntsiab lus muaj zog, nws zoo kawg nkaus tawm qhov tsis sib xws hauv pem teb. Cov khoom tuaj yeem yuav tau ob qho tib si hauv yob thiab hauv cov nplais. Nws raug nquahu kom tso lub cork thim rov qab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab cov ntoo laminate.
Cov kab hauv qab no zoo tagnrho rau kho qhov ntxhib ntxhib rau hauv chaw zov menyuam lossis chaw ua si, nrog rau hauv cov tsev kawm qib kindergarten lossis tsev kawm ntawv uas muaj cov neeg mus los ntau heev, tab sis tib lub sijhawm cov chav muaj cov av nyob ib puag ncig.
Cov ntaub qhwv zoo li kim heev, tab sis rau tus nqi siab koj yuav tau txais cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab ib puag ncig zoo. Nws yog tsim los ntawm nias crumbs ntawm ntoo qhib ntoo. Cov khoom yog ob qho tag nrho ntuj thiab ua ke nrog cov roj hmab ntxiv. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub cork thaub qab: tsis tiv taus ya raws, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv siab. Nws tseem yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob siv cov thim rov qab no yog tias koj npaj yuav siv cua sov hauv qab. Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv lub cork thaub qab hauv qab laminate rau chav dej lossis chav ua noj.
Bituminous cork substrate
Cov khoom siv yog tsim los ntawm bitumen kho kraft ntawv los xij thiab cork chips. Hais txog cov yam ntxwv zoo, qhov thaub qab ntxhib no tsis zoo rau lub nraub qaum, tab sis, tsis zoo li nws, nws muaj ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb. Cov khoom siv tsis yog ib puag ncig zoo; nws muaj bitumen, uas tso cov tshuaj phem rau hauv qhov me me. Bituminous cork txheej yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tso rau hauv thaj chaw tsis nyob hauv tsev, qhov twg tuaj yeem muaj cov av noo siab. Ntxiv mus, xws li txheej txheej tsis xav tau siv txheej tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv dej hauv chav nrog qib siab ntawm cov dej noo lossis siab dua hauv qab daus tsis kub. Ua ntej tso qhov underlay no, hauv pem teb yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ua kom zoo.
Expanded polystyrene underlay rau laminate
Cov khoom siv feem ntau siv thaum tso cov ntawv laminate. Cov kab hauv qab no khaws cov cua sov kom zoo, tsis xa suab nrov, muaj tus nqi qis thiab qib zoo ntawm kev hnav tsis kam. Raws li txoj cai, nws yog ob txheej: nws muaj nthuav polystyrene thiab ntawv ci. Kuj tseem muaj extruded ib txheej liners.
Cov polystyrene ua npuas dej hauv qab rau laminate yog "txhais tau tias kub" raws li tus nqi thiab qhov zoo. Qhov kev xaiv no yog thoob ntiaj teb hauv cov nqi nruab nrab: nws nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov cork thiab cov khoom siv polyethylene. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum koj txiav txim siab tus nqi thiab nyuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog lub substrate ntuj. Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv: lub suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo, nws yooj yim rau nruab, nws tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog cov plag tsev sov, muaj tus nqi pheej yig, nws yuav pab zais me me tsis xws luag hauv txheej. Nws raug nquahu kom siv nws rau qib qis me me tsis xws luag ntawm screeds.
Rho tawm - tom qab ib ntus nws tuaj yeem plam nws cov duab. Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias nws muaj peev xwm tso tawm formaldehyde hauv qhov me me thiab sai sai thaum muaj hluav taws.
Polyethylene ua npuas ncauj underlay rau laminate
Nws tseem yog ib qho kev ua tiav ntawm cov subfloor. Cov kab hauv qab muaj tus nqi qis, tiv taus ya raws, muaj suab nrov thiab rwb thaiv tsev zoo. Cov liners tau tsim tawm hauv ntau hom, nyob ntawm txoj kev ua npuas ncauj. Tab sis lawv txhua tus zoo ib yam hauv lawv tus yam ntxwv.
Qhov zoo: qib siab ntawm kev tiv thaiv ya raws, cov khoom yuav tsis puas los ntawm cov tshuaj lossis kab mob rau ntawm qhov chaw, cov hauv paus tau ua qhov chaw nyob hauv qab laminate zoo, nws yooj yim heev rau ua haujlwm nrog nws, thiab nws yog kev lag luam.
Ua npuas ncauj substrates yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tso rau hauv chav nyob qhov twg cov av noo siab, thiab lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv qab pawg thawj coj saib.
Qhov tsis zoo: lub neej ua haujlwm luv, tuaj yeem ploj sai thiab hloov pauv. Nws qib kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, yog li cov kws tshaj lij qhia siv nws rau kev tso tsuas yog hauv pem teb pheej yig.
Coniferous underlay rau laminate
Nws tau tshwm sim ntawm kev ua lag luam tsis ntev dhau los, tab sis tam sim no muaj ob qho kev tshuaj xyuas zoo thiab tsis zoo txog nws.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv: cov substrate yog tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig, qhov tuab ntawm 4-5 hli yuav tso cai rau koj kom ua rau lub hauv paus zoo, muaj lub suab thiab cua sov ua kom zoo, thaum noo noo tau ntawm qhov ntxhib zeb, nws yuav tsis plam nws cov duab thiab cov khoom. Qhov tsis zoo: nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv, nws tuaj yeem nqus cov ntxhiab tsw txawv teb chaws, kab tuaj yeem tsim nyob hauv ob sab phlu, qee zaum cov txheej txheem coniferous tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj. Cov khoom siv no tau tsim tawm hauv daim ntawv me txheej ntsuab, uas, hmoov tsis, feem ntau tawg.
Txhawm rau koj li kev yuav khoom yam tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, ua ntej yuav khoom, tham nrog cov muag khoom, nug lawv txog daim ntawv lees paub rau cov khoom. Qhov zoo dua substrate, ntev dua nws lub sijhawm lav.
Peb txheej Tuplex Substrate
Ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo tshaj plaws ua lub hauv paus rau laminate yog peb txheej Finnish underlay "Tuplex". Nws muaj txheej txheej hydro-barrier uas nqus tau cov dej noo zoo, yog li tso cai ntub ntub tas li ntawm hauv pem teb. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej hauv qab no yog ua kom lub hauv paus qis, ntxiv rau siv rau hauv pem teb nrog cov cua sov.
Cov phaj uas muaj lub suab rwb thaiv tsev zoo (qib suab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw yog nyob hauv 20-22 dB), muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm cov duab - cov rooj sib tham ntawm cov paj ntoo ntawm cov kab hauv qab yuav pw zoo. Cov substrate tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev tu cev: tsim cov pwm, cov kab mob tsis zoo, thiab kab rov ua dua yog ua tsis tau hauv nws.
Cov txheej tsuas yog peb millimeters tuab yog nyias txaus, raws li qhov uas tag nrho cov khoom thauj hauv pem teb tau muab faib sib npaug, cov xauv ntawm cov laug cam yuav tsis tawg. Kev sib xyaw ua ke muaj ntau txheej:
- Sab saud yog sawv cev los ntawm lub zog muaj zog polyethylene.
- Qhov nruab nrab txheej yog ua los ntawm lub zog qis nyias nyias polyethylene.
- Hauv qab ib qho suav nrog cov tshuaj polystyrene. Nrog nws cov kev pab, txheej txheej sai sai nqus dej noo.
Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv yog qhov siab heev, yog li nws tau siv los ua lub hauv paus nkaus xwb rau cov qib laminate zoo.
Laminate underlay manufacturers
Tus nqi ntawm ib txheej rau kev tso hauv qab cov ntawv laminate tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntau, nyob ntawm nws hom, nrog rau cov chaw tsim khoom. Hauv kev ua lag luam hauv tsev, feem ntau ntawm cov khoom no tau sawv cev los ntawm cov khoom lag luam los ntawm Tuam Tshoj, Tebchaws Europe, nrog rau Russia. Cork substrates los ntawm Amorim (Portugal) tau pov thawj lawv tus kheej kom zoo. Lawv muaj nyob hauv ntau qhov tuab: los ntawm ob txog plaub millimeters. Tus nqi rau cov khoom siv no pib ntawm 1200 rubles ib yob. Floorwood, cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm laminate flooring los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, tsim cov cork thaub qab uas zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj txheej ntawm lub tuam txhab no. Tus nqi ntawm ib yob yog los ntawm 2, 5 txhiab rubles.
Kev nthuav dav polystyrene thim rov qab hauv peb lub khw muag khoom txhim kho hauv tsev feem ntau yog sawv cev los ntawm Profitex hom. Cov khoom siv no yog cov kws tshaj lij thiab txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej. Tus nqi rau ib yob nce txog 1 txhiab rubles.
Ntau lub tebchaws Lavxias tsim cov polyethylene ua npuas ncauj. Cov no yog, piv txwv li, Cov peev txheej, Refoam, Izopak. Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv no yog li ntawm 20 txog 90 rubles ib square meter. Lub tuam txhab Estonian Isoplaat tsim cov vaj huam sib luag rau laminate pem teb. Lawv yog tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig, tsis muaj tshuaj lom nyob hauv cov txheej. Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom ua pa ntawm tus nqi ntawm 1 txog 1.5 txhiab rubles ib pob. Tsis tas li, coniferous slabs yog tsim los ntawm Steico hom (Poland). Lawv pheej yig dua Isoplaat, thiab yuav raug nqi 800 rubles ib pob.
Tuplex substrate (Finland) tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Nws tau pom zoo los ntawm cov tuam txhab European feem ntau laminate. Tus nqi nws txawv ntawm 1.5 txhiab rubles rau ib yob.
Technology rau mounting ib txheej hauv qab laminate
Feem ntau, thev naus laus zis rau kev teeb tsa ib txheej hauv qab hauv qab txheej txheej zoo nkauj yog qhov ua tau zoo ib yam, tsis hais cov khoom siv twg. Npaj cov nplaim ua ntej npaj nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm txheej txheej hauv qab laminate flooring. Cov underlay yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm ib qib uas tsis pub tawg thiab tsis sib luag. Nws kuj yuav tsum tau nqus ua ntej siv.
Txhawm rau nqa tawm cov txheej txheem txheej txheem nrog koj txhais tes, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:
- Peb muab cov pa thaiv rau ntawm hauv pem teb. Rau qhov no, siv cov yeeb yaj kiab polyethylene yooj yim, nws yuav tsum npog tag nrho saum npoo. Peb kuj tso me me sib tshooj ntawm phab ntsa (tsis pub ntau tshaj 4-5 centimeters). Peb kho cov pob qij txha nrog daim kab xev tsim.
- Peb txuas daim kab xev damper rau phab ntsa hauv qab no, nrog rau kev nthuav dav ntawm cov substrate yuav raug them nyiaj.
- Cov theem tom ntej: peb yob cov kab hauv tag nrho saum npoo av, yog tias nws tau dov, lossis peb nteg cov ntu, yog tias nyob hauv daim ntawv txheej. Cov npoo ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum sib haum ua ke. Lawv yuav tsum tau kaw nrog kab xev.
- Lub hauv qab yog ib txwm tso nrog sab du thiab sab ntxhib. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob totaub los ntawm kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov khoom.
Tom qab kev txhim kho lub substrate, peb txav mus rau cov laug cam. Rau cov txheej txheem no, peb siv cov spacers tshwj xeeb. Nrog lawv pab, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov ntsiab lus thiab cov phab ntsa yuav raug khaws cia (nws yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj ib centimeter). Qhov kev nkag mus no yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev nthuav dav cua sov ntawm cov ntoo.
Muab cov laminate tso rau ntawm qhov chaw qhuav. Cov av noo hauv qhov no yog qhov yooj yim los tshuaj xyuas: lub khob iav tau muab tso rau hauv av, hauv qab mus rau saum, yog li nws yuav tsum sawv ib hmo. Yog tias tsis muaj hws tau tsim ntawm iav thaum sawv ntxov, tom qab ntawd lub hauv paus tau npaj los txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm kho. Yuav ua li cas nteg lub substrate hauv qab laminate - saib cov vis dis aus:
Kev txhim kho kev ua tiav ntawm cov plag tsev yog nyob ntawm qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv nws tus kheej, thiab seb puas muaj cov kab hauv qab nws tau ua kom raug, uas ua tus lej ntawm cov haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo.
