Malt qab zib, nws cov ntsiab lus calorie thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov txiaj ntsig rau lub cev thiab qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev tsim txom. Cov tais diav twg tau npaj nrog cov khoom no, nthuav cov lus tseeb txog nws.
Qab zib malt (maltose) yog cov khoom lag luam uas tau txais tom qab kev cog qoob loo thiab fermentation ntawm pob kws lossis nplej xws li rye, oats, mov lossis barley. Qhov saj tsis muaj suab thaj ntau dua li sucrose ua los ntawm pas nrig lossis beetroot, thiab cov xim yog translucent. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm maltose phoov lossis hmoov crystalline zoo li granulated qab zib. Yooj yim soluble hauv dej, yaj thaum rhuab mus rau 108 ° C. Nws tau siv hauv kev lag luam npias thiab ua cov khoom qab zib - marmalade, marshmallow thiab mis nyuj khov.
Nta ua malt qab zib
Txhawm rau ua malt qab zib los ntawm cov nplej hauv cov xwm txheej kev lag luam, cov noob cog tau tsau rau hauv ib feem ntawm cov dej (qee yam hydromodule), kho nrog kev npaj enzyme lossis tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw. Nyob ntawm cov qoob loo siv, maltose tuaj yeem saj zoo li sucrose lossis pub mis.
Tom qab tau txais cov phoov ntawm qhov kub ntawm 60 ° C, saccharification tau ua tiav, cov hydrolyzate tau dhau los ntawm polysulfone daim nyias nyias thiab evaporated. Cov khoom kawg muaj 95% maltose thiab 5% qabzib. Txhawm rau ua kom cov txheej txheem nrawm dua, cov hydrolyzate tau tsom mus rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis sib cais siv lub centrifuge. Kev pom zoo raug tso cai.
Hauv cov dej me me, malt phoov yog tau los ntawm cov khoom siv fermented. Txij li thaum tsis muaj kev npaj enzyme tau siv rau saccharification, crystallization tsis tshwm sim. Cov khoom tsim tawm yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws, txij li tsis muaj tshuaj reagents raug siv hauv nws qhov kev npaj.
Ua malt qab zib zoo ib yam hauv nws qhov kev ua tau zoo rau kev tsim cov piam thaj hauv tsev yog qhov nyuaj heev hauv tsev, tab sis cov neeg uas ua npias lossis ua kua kvass ntawm lawv tus kheej nyiam lawv tus kheej cov khoom qab zib. Cov txheej txheem pib nrog kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov nplej. Qhov qab zib ntawm cov nplej tom qab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qoob loo nce 6 zaug, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov as -ham - 4 zaug.
Ua Homemade Malt Qab Zib:
- Cov khoom siv raw zoo (rye, nplej lossis barley) tau txheeb tawm thiab nchuav nrog dej rau ob hnub kom cov dej 10 hli tseem nyob saum cov txheej txheej. Cov kua tau hloov pauv txhua 6 teev.
- Cov nplej o tuaj tau muab tso rau hauv ib txheej ntawm daim ntaub uas tau muab tais ua ob peb txheej. Qhov xwm txheej tsim nyog rau kev cog qoob loo yog qhov kub ntawm 12-16 ° C thiab qhov cua nkag mus tas li. "Lub vaj zaub" yuav tsum tau mus xyuas thiab sib xyaw, tshem tawm cov noob uas tuaj pwm.
- Kev npaj ntawm cov yub tau txiav txim siab raws li hauv qab no: lawv rub rau ib lis piam, thiab yog tias nws tuaj yeem nce ntxiv 8-10, peb tuaj yeem xav tias cov tua tau mus txog qhov xav tau ntev.
- Sprouted nplej tau tso tawm kom qhuav ntawm daim ntawv ci uas npog nrog parchment. Tom qab 2 teev, lub pallet tau muab tso rau hauv qhov cub, qhov twg nws tau qhuav ntawm qhov kub ntawm 40-50 ° C nrog lub qhov rooj kaw.
- Sai li cov taum pib tawg hauv ib nrab, rub lawv nruab nrab ntawm xib teg, tshem tawm cov noob thiab husks, thiab tom qab ntawd zom lawv hauv lub kas fes grinder.
Cov ntsiab lus qab zib hauv cov khoom noj hauv ib 100 g:
| Yam khoom | Qab zib qab zib, g |
| Starch phoov | 68 |
| Maltose phoov | 99 |
| Zib ntab | 4, 5 |
| Marmalade | 4, 2 |
| Kvass | 2, 2 |
| Npias | 1, 8 |
| Mis nyuj khov | 2 |
| Muesli | 1, 2 |
| Noj cov mov ci | 0, 8 |
| Menyuam puree | 0, 5 |
Homemade malt qab zib yog lub teeb dawb hauv cov xim thiab zoo li hmoov nplej lossis hmoov qab zib sib xws. Nws yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv lub khob iav ntim hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv los ntawm lub teeb thiab tsis pub ntau tshaj rau lub hlis - tom qab ntawd cov khoom poob nws cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig.
Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntsiab lus calorie ntawm malt qab zib
Daim duab yog kua malt qab zib
Raws li qhov ntsuas qhov qab zib, sucrose tau kwv yees ntawm 100 cov ntsiab lus, qab zib ntawm 81, thiab maltose ntawm tsuas yog 32. Tab sis lub zog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam li cov khoom qab zib nrov dua.
Cov ntsiab lus calorie ntawm malt qab zib yog 362 kcal rau 100 g, ntawm uas 95, 2 g ntawm carbohydrates
Qhov nruab nrab cov vitamin complex muaj cov as -ham hauv qab no:
- Vitamin B pab pawg (thiamine, riboflavin, choline, pantothenic thiab folic acid, pyridoxine) - ua kom cov hlab plawv zoo, ua kom rov zoo los ntawm kev ntxhov siab, txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Ib qho nicotinic acid - ua kom cov txheej txheem metabolic nrawm dua thiab pab tshem tawm cov co toxins.
- Tocopherol - muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant thiab nres kev hloov pauv hnub nyoog.
- Biotin - tswj cov txheej txheem zom zaub mov thiab faib cov pa roj carbon monoxide los ntawm cov hlab ntshav.
Duab ntawm Crystalline Malt Qab Zib
Qab zib Malt muaj cov zaub mov uas koom nrog hauv tib neeg lub neej:
- Sodium - tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob poob dej, yog lub luag haujlwm rau dej-electrolyte tshuav nyiaj li cas.
- Cov poov tshuaj - tsis muaj nws, kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm myocardium tsis yooj yim sua.
- Calcium - tsim cov khoom siv rau cov pob txha thiab pob txha mos.
- Magnesium - txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, ua rau kom nqus tau cov calcium.
- Zinc - pab tshem tawm kev qaug zog thiab koom nrog kev tsim cov nqaij adipose.
- Iodine - yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov thyroid ua haujlwm, koom nrog hauv cov metabolism hauv lub zog.
- Phosphorus - koom nrog lipid-carbohydrate metabolism thiab ua kom muaj peev xwm nco tau.
- Selenium - muaj cov haujlwm tiv thaiv kabmob kheesxaws, ua rau lub neej muaj sia nyob ntawm cov cell.
- Silicon - ua kom rov tsim dua cov nqaij pob txha hauv pob txha, yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev xav.
Maltose tau siv rau kev khaws cia cov khoom noj khoom haus, tab sis nws tsis suav nrog hauv kev noj zaub mov los ntawm nws tus kheej.
Txij li thaum nws los nrog zaub mov, nws yuav nyuaj rau suav tus nqi zog, nrog rau cov ntsiab lus hauv kev noj zaub mov txhua hnub. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias lub cev nws tus kheej ua ke cov disaccharide los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab uas nws tau txais los ntawm zaub mov.
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm maltose
Cov tshuaj tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab cov tshuaj hauv tsev tsis tau ua los ntawm nws lub hauv paus, nws tsis tau qhia rau hauv tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, yam tsis muaj disaccharide, lub neej ib txwm ntawm lub cev tsis yooj yim sua.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm malt qab zib
- Nws muaj cov tshuaj loog.
- Tshem tawm qhov mob ntawm txoj hlab pas thiab plab.
- Txo kev ua kom khaus thiab kub hnyiab hauv cov kab mob, cov tsos mob ntawm qhov mob ntawm qhov ncauj mucosa, uas yog pharyngitis thiab stomatitis.
- Ua kom lub voj voog ntawm lub cev muaj zog ntxiv.
- Stimulates cov endocrine system.
- Tsis nce kev tsim cov zom zaub mov enzymes.
- Pab txhim kho kev nco.
Maltose tau nqus sai los ntawm tib neeg lub cev, rov ua kom cov zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo - cov vitamins thiab microelements, pab kom rov zoo tom qab siv lub cev tas li.
Yog tias cov ntawv qhia zaub mov niaj hnub tsis muaj cov khoom lag luam txaus nrog disaccharide, lub siab tsis tu ncua tas li, tsis muaj zog thiab tsis meej pem, kev nyuaj siab tshwm sim sai, uas yuav tsum tau tso tseg nrog kev siv tshuaj yav tom ntej. Tab sis txij li tib neeg lub cev nws tus kheej tsim maltose los ntawm glycogen thiab hmoov txhuv nplej siab, nws qhov tsis tshua muaj neeg hnov.
Contraindications thiab raug mob ntawm malt qab zib
Nrog qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov enzymes α-glucosidase thiab maltase, maltose tsis nqus los ntawm lub cev. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum hloov mus rau kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb, tsis suav nrog cov zaub mov carbohydrate cog thiab cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab los ntawm kev noj zaub mov, lossis noj tshuaj.
Cov khoom lag luam uas tau tsim hauv cov khoom me me tuaj yeem ua tau ua rau ua xua nrog intolerance rau raw cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum tso tseg "npias nyob" lossis kvass hauv tsev, ua hauv cov khoom me me los ntawm tus tswv lag luam.
Malt qab zib tuaj yeem ua teeb meem yog tias koj noj ntau dhau. Cov cim ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog raws li hauv qab no
- teeb meem plab zom mov thiab nce flatulence;
- qhov ncauj qhuav thiab xeev siab;
- ua txhaum cov protein-carbohydrate metabolism;
- tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv, nce ntshav siab, txhim kho atherosclerosis;
- kev rog zuj zus sai;
- tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, cov txheej txheem ua kom nquag plias;
- mob taub hau tawm tsam;
- qhov pom ntawm cov ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab cuam tshuam ntawm cov txiav.
Tus txheej txheem niaj hnub ntawm malt qab zib rau ib tus neeg uas ua rau lub neej muaj zog yog 35 g, rau qhov so nws yog qhov tsim nyog txwv "koob" rau 20 g ib hnub. Cov uas hloov mus rau maltose yuav tsum tso lwm hom khoom qab zib.
Malt Qab Zib Zaub Zaub
Cov khoom lag luam yog cov khoom noj muaj calorie tsawg. Nws tau ntxiv rau mis nyuj khov, noj hnyuv ntxwm thiab khoom qab zib, rau menyuam yaus cov zaub mov, thiab tau siv hauv marmalade thiab marshmallows uas tsis muaj zog.
Malt Qab Zib Zaub Zaub:
- Peking os … Ib tug noog uas hnyav 2-2.5 kg raug xaiv, ua tiav thiab tshem cov rog rog tawm. Koj tsis tas yuav muab nws pov tseg, cov rog tau sib cais thiab siv ntxiv rau kib. Nqa 4 liv dej mus rau ib lub rhaub, tso lub lauj kaub rau ntawm lub qhov cub, thiab ib sab ntawm nws, muab lub lauj kaub khoob nrog cov nqaij qaib tuag rau ntawm qhov hluav taws kub me me. Ncuav dej npau hla tus os, nplawm me ntsis, ua rau hluav taws kub. Sai li tag nrho cov dej nyob hauv lub lauj kaub nrog tus noog, nws tau hloov pauv thiab cov txheej txheem tau rov ua dua. Cov neeg ua zaub mov hauv Suav siv sijhawm 15 feeb rau kev hlawv kom qhib lub qhov hws ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab ntxiv cov marinade nqus tau tob dua. Rau impregnation, sib tov: ntsev - 35 g, qab zib - 20 g, Provencal tshuaj ntsuab thiab sib xyaw ntawm "5 kua txob" - 40 g txhua, 4 cloves ntawm qej. Rub tus os, qhwv nws hauv zaj duab xis thiab muab tso rau hauv lub tub yees kom so. Ib qho marinade cais tau ua: 300 ml cawv txiv hmab, 100 ml cider, 250 g suab thaj malt thiab 300 ml dej. Nqa mus rau ib lub rhaub thiab tsau cov noog siv tib lub tshuab raws li cov dej npau. Lub marinade yuav tsum tau nqus tag nrho, txhuam cov seem nrog txhuam. Tom qab ntawd tus tshis raug xaum nrog rab koob xaws thiab tso rau hauv daim ntawv sau lossis hauv qab lub qhov tso pa tawm rau lwm hnub, kom cov nqaij qhuav, cov tawv nqaij ua tuab dua, thiab cov kua ntau dhau yog iav. Tom qab ntawd lub qhov cub yog preheated rau 170-180 ° C thiab ci rau 20 feeb. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, lub tais yog siv zog thiab xav tau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los npaj nws.
- Syrup … 350 g ntawm cov khoom lag luam ua malt qab zib yog sib xyaw nrog 100 ml dej thiab rhaub tshaj cua sov qis. Tos rau thawj cov npuas thiab ntuav sai sai hauv cov kua qaub citric - 2 g. Tom qab 45-50 feeb, lub thawv raug tshem tawm los ntawm hob, sai sai, kom txog thaum nws tau txias txias, sib tov hauv ib qho hnyav ntawm 1.5 g ntawm cov dej qab zib ci. Sib tov kom huv si. Ua npuas ncauj yuav tsum tshwm nyob rau hauv lub lauj kaub. Sai li cov txheej txheem ua npuas nres, cov suab thaj tau npaj txhij. Yog tias qhov qab zib tsis txaus, kua zib ntab tuaj yeem nkag tau - kom saj.
- Borodino khob cij … Kev ci thiab ua khob noom cookie yog nqa tawm hauv lub khob cij. Ua ntej, ua cov tshuaj yej nplooj. Do hauv ib lub tais cais 3 tbsp. l. malted qab zib, 1, 5 tsp. av coriander, 75 g ntawm wallpaper rye hmoov, ncuav 250 ml dej npau. Muab lub tais tso rau hauv qhov cub preheated 65 ° C, thermos lossis microwave kom ua kom nrawm dua. Kev muab tso rau hauv lub tais ntawm lub khob cij tshuab tau ua raws li hauv qab no: maltose phoov tov nrog 135 ml dej - 1 tbsp. l; brew txias rau chav sov; 25 ml ntawm cov roj refined; 1/2 tsp ntsev thiab 2 tbsp. l. qab zib tsis tu ncua Nws raug nquahu kom ua ntej sib xyaw cov khoom xyaw uas seem. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv cov tais huv, qhuav. Muab cov hmoov nplej - rye thiab nplej, 325 g thiab 75 g, feem, 1 tbsp. l. gluten, qhuav sai tus neeg ua mov ci poov xab -1 tsp, qhob cij qhuav qhuav -1.5 tbsp. l. Yuav ua li cas mus txuas ntxiv mus yog nyob ntawm hom tshuaj lub khob cij. Yog tias muaj cov phiaj xwm tsim nyog rau ua Borodino qhob cij, tom qab ntawd nws txaus los teeb tsa nws thiab tos lub teeb liab. Yog tias nws tsis tuaj, tig hloov "Kneading", "Raise", "Baking" rau 1 teev 10 feeb. Koj yuav tsum paub ua ntej tias thaum sib xyaw cov khoom xyaw, lub pob elastic tsis yob. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub tais los ntawm cov ces kaum, koj yuav tsum tau pab - sib tov sib xyaw nrog spatula. Thaum mus los ntawm "Sawv" mus rau "Ci" koj yuav tsum qhib lub hau, du lub khob noom cookie, nphoo nrog cov noob qoob loo.
Rau kev npaj cov dej cawv, tsis siv malt qab zib, tab sis zib ntab. Nws nce viscosity ntawm npias thiab softens saj ntawm vodka. Cov tshuaj ntxiv no ua kom nrawm dua ntawm cov wort thiab nruab nrab. Maltose phoov tau suav nrog hauv daim ntawv qhia yuav luag txhua hom npias uas tam sim no tau tsim hauv Russia. Cov no yog cov nyiam "Baltika", "Stary Melnik", "White Bear".
Cov lus tseeb nthuav txog maltose
Thawj cov zaub mov nrog cov khoom qab zib tau pib ua los ntawm cov ua noj ntawm Ancient Suav. Kev sim, lawv tau txiav txim siab tias cov noob qoob noob qoob los yog cov nplej tau dhau los ua qab zib ntau dua li cov uas tau npaj rau threshing, thiab pib ua kom caramelize lawv, ci hauv av nplaum, thiab tom qab ntawd siv ua qab zib.
Txawm li cas los xij, lub ntuj qab zib tau txais koob meej tsuas yog thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo 18th - pib ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, nrog rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, vim tias cov tshuaj tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv dawb. Txawm tias cov kws ua zaub mov uas tau ua zaub mov raws li cov khoom qab zib siv cov zaub mov los ntawm Ancient Tuam Tshoj los yog fermented wort los ntawm cov hmoov nplej.
Maltose (lat. "Maltum") txhais ua lus malt. Lub npe thib ob "malted qab zib" tsuas yog tshwm sim thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Nws cov khoom paub ntev tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm kws tshuaj Fab Kis Nicola Theodore de Saussure, piav qhia txog nws cov khoom tseem ceeb. Nws yog lub sijhawm ntawd cov disaccharide raug cais los ntawm citruses, pwm, txiv lws suav ntau dhau, paj ntoos thiab zib ntab.
Cov khoom ntawm disaccharide tseem tsis tau kawm txaus, tab sis nws tau siv dav hauv kev ua noj. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov: hauv cov zaub mov hauv tsev, yog tias tsis muaj kev qhia, maltose tsis tau qhia. Qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov saj ntawm cov zaub mov thiab tseem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv.
Dab tsi yog maltose - saib cov vis dis aus:
