Ib tsab xov xwm hais txog txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag siv cov ntaub plaub ntxhua khaub ncaws, hom khoom siv, yam ntxwv ntawm rwb thaiv tsev cua sov, nws cov khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv. Minvata yog cov khoom siv rau rwb thaiv tsev cua sov uas ua ke cov cua sov ua los ntawm cov pob zeb, tawg rauv tawg rauv lossis iav yaj. Vim nws cov yam ntxwv ruaj khov, nws tau siv dav hauv kev tsim kho. Niaj hnub no koj yuav kawm paub txog kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ntsej muag nrog cov ntaub plaub los ntawm peb kab lus.
Cov yam ntxwv thiab hom ntxhia pob zeb
Raws li cov khoom siv ntawm kev tsim khoom, rwb thaiv tsev ntxhia tau muab faib ua peb hom: ntaub plaub, ntaub plaub tsiaj thiab iav ntaub plaub. Nyob ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, cov khoom tuaj yeem muaj cov ntsiab lus sib txawv hauv fiber ntau, nthuav tawm hauv cov kab ntsug, qhov dav, corrugated lossis kab rov tav txheej txheem. Qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem ntawm rwb thaiv tsev phab ntsa, ua rau lawv cov ntsiab lus tsis hloov pauv.
Cov ntaub plaub tsiaj muaj nyob hauv cov yob thiab cov lev. Cov tuab ntawm cov khoom ntawm ob hom yog 40-200 hli, qhov dav ntawm cov yob yog 600 thiab 1200 hli, qhov loj ntawm lub mats yog 1000x600 hli. Qhov ntom ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yog los ntawm 30 txog 100 kg / m3… Cov ntaub plaub ntxhua khaub ncaws tuaj yeem muab nrog txheej txheej aluminium glued ntawm ib sab ntawm cov khoom, uas ua rau nws ua tau zoo dua, ob qho tib si ntawm kev tiv thaiv cua sov thiab hais txog kev tiv thaiv ya raws.
Cov ntaub plaub tsiaj niaj hnub yog qhov txawv los ntawm qib txaus ntawm tshav kub thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev, huab cua permeability siab, tiv taus kev vibration thiab tus nqi pheej yig. Qhov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov khoom no yam tsis poob nws cov khoom cua sov tuaj yeem dhau 40-45 xyoo. Minvata yog cov khoom uas tsis muaj nplaim taws thiab ib puag ncig zoo. Cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem tso tau yooj yim ntawm txhua qhov chaw, txawm li cas los xij, vim tias lawv siab hygroscopicity, lawv xav tau kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv dej. Cov khoom ntub tau poob sai nws cov khoom thiab tuaj yeem dhau los ua qhov chaw ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob me me.
Nyob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw, txhua hom rwb thaiv tsev nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv teeb tsa:
- Iav iav … Cov rwb thaiv tsev txheej ua los ntawm nws lub hauv paus yog qhov txawv los ntawm nws qhov tshwj xeeb elasticity thiab lub zog siab. Thaum tso nws, koj yuav tsum siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag: tsom iav tshwj xeeb, khaub ncaws tuab thiab hnab looj tes ua haujlwm kom tsis txhob tau txais cov iav me me ntawm lub cev.
- Slag … Vim nws qhov hygroscopicity ntau dhau, rwb thaiv tsev nrog cov khoom siv no tsis haum rau cov hlau, tab sis nws haum rau lub ntsej muag ua los ntawm ntoo kab.
- Basalt (pob zeb) ntaub plaub … Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub ntsej muag rwb thaiv tsev nrog cov khoom no yog lub peev xwm ua haujlwm nrog nws yam tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej. Piv rau lwm hom insulators, basalt wool muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av rwb thaiv tsev
Qhov zoo ntawm cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ntsej muag nrog cov ntxhia pob zeb yog:
- Cov khoom zoo insulating ntawm txheej tiav.
- Thaum muaj hluav taws, rwb thaiv tsev tsis kub hnyiab thiab tsis kub txawm tias kub qis dua 1000 degrees.
- Vim yog qhov txaus hygroscopicity ntawm cov khoom, saum npoo tsis sib xyaw ua ke ntawm phab ntsa.
- Cov pob zeb hauv av nplaum rwb thaiv tsev tsis muaj suab nrov, ua tsaug rau nws cov qauv ntxeem tau, txheej txheej txig nqus suab nrov ntawm txoj kev.
- Muab piv rau ua npuas dej, cov ntaub thaiv kab mob hauv cov ntaub plaub yog tiv taus cov kev nyuab siab ntau ntxiv, uas ua rau nws lub neej ua haujlwm zoo dua.
- Cov cua sov rwb thaiv tsev nrog cov nplais tso cai rau cov khoom kom nyob sib ze nrog lub hauv paus ntawm lub ntsej muag, thiab hauv yob nws tuaj yeem khoov ib ncig ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm lub tsev thaum lub rwb thaiv tsev tsis muaj qhov nqes.
Raws li qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub thaiv kab mob hauv cov ntaub plaub rau lub ntsej muag, muaj lub tswv yim tias cov rwb thaiv tsev muaj cov tshuaj carcinogenic uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua lub tshuab cua sov raug sim hauv cov koom haum tshwj xeeb uas saib xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom ntawd. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau txo qis qhov kev pheej hmoo los ntawm nws txoj kev siv, nws tau pom zoo kom yuav cov pob zeb hauv av los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom ntseeg, ua raws cov cai rau nws kev teeb tsa thiab kev ua haujlwm ntxiv ntawm txheej.
Facade rwb thaiv tsev tshuab nrog ntxhia wool
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag nrog cov ntaub plaub ntxhia suav nrog ntau qhov ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv, txhua qhov yog qhov tseem ceeb heev kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Cia peb xav txog lawv hauv kev nthuav dav.
Npaj phab ntsa rau kev teeb tsa cov ntxhia pob zeb
Nyob rau theem no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tshem tawm ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev txhua yam uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tas mus li lossis ib ntus cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov rwb thaiv tsev cua sov. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov txheej txheem dej nag, lub tshuab cua txias, cov qhov cua nkag, nrog rau cov ntsia hlau, cov khoom siv lossis cov ces kaum uas tawm sab nraud tawm ntawm qhov chaw.
Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov muaj lossis tsis muaj pwm, kab mob, ua rau cov plag tsev puas, cov tshuaj txau ntau dhau, ntsev thiab roj ntau dhau ntawm lub ntsej muag. Yog tias lawv pom, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ntsuas kom tshem tawm qhov tsis xws no.
Tom qab ntxuav cov phab ntsa, nws raug nquahu kom npog lawv nrog primer, uas tuaj yeem siv nrog txhuam xim loj. Yog tias muaj cov cim ntawm cov pwm nyob saum npoo, lawv yuav tsum tau kho nrog tus neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws raug nquahu kom tiv thaiv cov pob qij txha ntawm kev tshem tawm ntawm phab ntsa mus rau hauv qab daus ntawm lub tsev nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej.
Txhawm rau txhawm rau kho tus ntxhiab ntawm cov ntaub plaub hauv lub ntsej muag, cov phab ntsa yuav tsum tau dai ua ntej teeb tsa. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv kab rov tav, kab pheeb ces kaum thiab cov lus qhia ntsug.
Kev ua haujlwm yog ua tiav siv cov hlua nylon, uas yuav tsum tau hloov pauv ntawm tus pin ua ntej teeb tsa hauv phab ntsa. Qhov sib txawv tsis sib xws ntawm qaum thiab cov ntaub ntawv hais qhia meej qhia qhov nkhaus ntawm lub dav hlau. Yog tias cov tshuaj txo qis yog qhov tseem ceeb, nws yuav tsum tau muab qib. Tom qab kuaj xyuas, cov pins yuav tsum raug tshem tawm.
Kev teeb tsa cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa yog qhov tsim nyog los txhawb thawj kab ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev cua sov, txhawm rau tsim kom muaj qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm phab ntsa thiab rwb thaiv tsev. Lawv tau teeb tsa kab rov tav rau lub fa aboveade saum lub plinth nrog dowels. Kev kho cov kab lus qhia tau ua nyob ib puag ncig ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm lub tsev thiab raug tswj los ntawm qib tsev.
Txhawm rau kom cov nplaim hluav taws xob raug kaw kom raug, raws li cov lus qhia qhia, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab cov hlua txuas ntxiv rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kab txaij 250-300 mm dav rau cov kua nplaum, thiab tom qab ntawd qhwv nws sab qis rau ntawm kab thaum txhim kho qhov seem ntawm lub mesh ntawm cov cua sov-insulating daim hlau.
Xaiv txoj hauv kev los kho cov pob zeb hauv av
Cov rwb thaiv tsev ntxhia pob zeb feem ntau yog nqa tawm hauv qab ib sab, pob zeb slab, ntsib cov cib los yog lub ntsej muag plaster. Nyob ntawm seb hom sab nrauv sab nrauv, hom kev khawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev tau xaiv:
- Lub ntsej muag plaster … Nws cov tsiaj nyiam tshaj plaws niaj hnub no yog "bark beetle" thiab "lamb". Hauv qhov no, cov rwb thaiv tsev tau lo rau lub hauv paus thiab ntxiv rau kho nrog lub dowels-umbrellas. Cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa ntxiv, txheej txheej txheej txheej thiab txheej txheej plaster tau hloov pauv ntawm nws.
- Siding … Nrog xws li lub ntsej muag cladding, cov rwb thaiv tsev nyob hauv cov xov tooj ntawm cov thav duab prefabricated tsau rau lub ntsej muag. Tom qab rwb thaiv tsev, cov vaj huam sib luag siding raug tsau rau ntawm lub crate.
- Lub ntsej muag cib … Nws haum zoo ib yam li ib txwm muaj, txij hauv qab mus rau saum. Hauv qhov no, txheej txheej ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av tau sib xyaws ntawm lub hauv paus puag thiab sab nrauv zoo nkauj masonry.
- Pob zeb slabs … Lawv tau txuas nrog lub ntsej muag nrog cov thauj tog rau nkoj hlau, nias lub rwb thaiv tsev mus rau lub hauv paus. Cov qhov tshwj xeeb tau tsim rau cov thauj tog rau nkoj hauv phab ntsa, thiab tom qab ntawd cov pob zeb pob zeb tau tsau rau ntawm cov fasteners siv cov nqes nqes.
Cov lus qhia rau kev txhim kho pob zeb ntxhua khaub ncaws ntawm phab ntsa
Thaum txhim kho cov pob zeb hauv av ntawm lub ntsej muag, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb thiab txuas ntxiv ntawm cov pob zeb yog siv. Hauv thawj kis, rwb thaiv tsev tau kho rau ntawm phab ntsa nrog cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb, piv txwv li, Ceresit CT190. Qhov no yog ua li no.
Qhov sib tov qhuav ntawm cov kua nplaum yuav tsum tau diluted nrog dej hauv qhov sib piv qhia los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm ntim cov khoom. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv lub thoob uas siv cov khoom sib tov. Kev sib tov yuav tsum tau ua kom txog thaum tau txais cov homogeneous pasty loj, tom qab uas nws yuav tsum tau sab laug li 10-15 feeb kom "siav", thiab tom qab ntawd sib tov dua. Qhov no yuav muab nws cov yas ntau dua thiab cov khoom nplaum zoo dua. Kev ua tiav ntawm cov kua nplaum ua tiav tau khaws cia rau 2 teev.
Thaum hla lub ntsej muag nrog rwb thaiv tsev, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov khoom sib xyaw rau nws cov phaj nrog lub ntsej muag thais. Txoj hauv kev ntawm kev txhim kho cov cua sov tso cai rau koj los tsim cov khoom khov, muaj zog thiab txheej txheej ntawm nws sab nraub qaum, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm kev nqus dej noo thaum ua haujlwm thiab ua haujlwm ntxiv.
Kev teeb tsa thawj kab ntawm cov pob zeb tau ua tiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa. Lawv yuav tsum tau nyob tusyees, kab rov tav hauv tib lub dav hlau. Kev tswj kev tso yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kev siv cov kav dej thiab qib tsev. Qhov kawg ntawm cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum tau koom nrog yam tsis muaj qhov khoob, yog tias qhov khoob tshwm, lawv yuav tsum tau ntim nrog cov kab nyias nyias ntawm cov khoom zoo ib yam. Cov pob qij txha ntsug hauv txhua kab ntawm cov pob zeb yuav tsum tau sib txheeb txheeb ze rau ib leeg, qhov no yuav muab lub zog rau cov txheej txheej rwb thaiv tsev.
Txhawm rau kom nws yuav tsum tau ruaj khov, rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau kho ntxiv rau ntawm lub ntsej muag nrog disc dowels. Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov hlua txuas nrog cov hlau hlau. Txhawm rau ua txoj haujlwm no, koj yuav xav tau rauj thiab rauj rauj.
Cov qhov nyob hauv phab ntsa raug drilled los ntawm cov phaj rwb thaiv tsev, tom qab ntawd lub hauv caug rub tawm tau tsav mus rau hauv lawv, nias cov khoom mus rau lub ntsej muag. Rau kev teeb tsa 1 m2 cov insulator siv 5-7 dowels yog tias qhov siab ntawm lub tsev nce mus txog tsib plag tsev. Ntawm qhov siab dua, koj yuav xav tau 7-8 daim fasteners rau txhua square meter. Dowels yuav tsum tau tsav ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm cov pob zeb thiab hauv cov chaw.
Tseem ceeb! Cov kab ntawv uas tau txais hauv cov ntawv rwb thaiv tsev tom qab kev teeb tsa lub dowels yuav tsum tau kaw tam sim nrog cov nplaum nplaum.
Qhov cuab lub zog ntawm qhov rwb thaiv tsev
Nws muaj ob lub hom phiaj: txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau txheej rwb thaiv tsev thiab tiv thaiv nws los ntawm cua thiab dej noo. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov iav fiberglass lossis polyurethane mesh. Rau nws txoj kev teeb tsa, cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm, pib los ntawm sab saum toj ntawm phab ntsa. Cov ntawv xov xwm yuav tsum muaj qhov sib tshooj tsawg kawg 100 hli. Ua ntej dov tawm lub mesh, ib txheej nyias ntawm cov kua nplaum siv yuav tsum tau siv rau saum npoo ntawm txheej insulating, thiab tom qab tso nws, qhov txhawb nqa yuav tsum tau npog nrog lwm txheej ntawm qhov sib xyaw. Tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau qib nrog txoj cai thiab tso cai kom qhuav.
Tom qab 2-3 hnub, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom tshem cov kua nplaum los ntawm cov txheej qhuav nrog spatula, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav qhov saum npoo nrog daim ntaub tawm. Tom qab ntawd, lub ntsej muag rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau coated nrog cov xim primer - thiab koj tuaj yeem pib ua tiav nws.
Hniav tiav ntawm lub ntsej muag
Kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub ntsej muag nrog cov ntxhia pob zeb rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov nplaum los yog textured. Cov tsho sab saum toj feem ntau yog xim tha xim. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum kho cov phab ntsa sab nrauv, cov cai hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua raws:
- Txhua yam ntaub ntawv siv yuav tsum tsim los siv sab nraum zoov.
- Cov tsho sab saum toj thiab txheej txheej plaster yuav tsum sib xws, uas yog, yog tias cov plaster yog acrylic, tib yam yuav tsum yog xim tha xim.
- Kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab nrauv yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau huab cua qis, huab cua nag lossis cua daj cua dub. Nws kuj tseem pom zoo kom tsis txhob ua haujlwm zoo li lub hnub ci.
- Nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom paub tias daim ntawv thov ntawm qee cov xim pleev xim yuav tsum tau kho ua ntej ntawm cov phab ntsa nrog cov txheej txheem tsim nyog. Tshwj xeeb, qhov no siv rau cov xim silicate thiab silicone.
Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag nrog cov plaub tsiaj plaub tsiaj - saib cov vis dis aus:
Tus nqi ntawm kev ua haujlwm saum toj no yam tsis ua tiav nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov kws tsim khoom yuav yog txog 670 rubles / m2… Tus nqi no tsis yog txhais tau tias siab, tab sis yog tias koj xav txuag nyiaj, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag tag nrho nrog cov ntaub plaub nrog koj tus kheej tes. Nws tsis nyuaj txhua, thiab peb cia siab tias peb kab lus yuav pab koj hauv qhov teeb meem no. Hmoov zoo!
