Kev piav qhia ntawm Ossetian cheese, kev tsim khoom hauv tsev thiab hauv tsev. Lub zog muaj nuj nqis thiab muaj cov vitamins thiab ntxhia, cov txiaj ntsig thiab ua rau lub cev. Siv ua cov khoom ua noj ua haus thiab keeb kwm ntawm ntau yam.
Ossetian cheese yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm lub teb chaws ua noj ntawm Ossetia. Kev ntxhib los mos - qhov ntom ntom, muag heev, nkig; xim - zoo ib yam, los ntawm creamy dawb mus rau daj; ib qho me me ntawm qhov muag thiab oval qhov muag ntawm qhov sib txawv; tsis muaj crust. Hnov thiab saj - fermented mis nyuj, qab ntsev me ntsis, thaum ua hauv tsev, muaj qhov iab iab iab. Lub taub hau zoo li lub log tiaj tus, qhov hnyav yog los ntawm 0.5 txog 1.5 kg, qhov siab yog 2-4.5 cm. mis nyuj factories. Cov tawv nqaij tsis nyob, tab sis nrog qhov raug ntev nws tau txais xim xim av. Lub npe hauv cheeb tsam yog hlau tsykht.
Ossetian cheese ua li cas?
Raws li cov khoom siv raw, koj tuaj yeem siv nyuj, tshis lossis mis nyuj yaj, ob qho tib si tsis tau muab tshuaj ntxuav thiab tom qab kho cua sov.
Cov cuab yeej siv luv luv rau kev tsim Ossetian cheese ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom siv mis nyuj
- Thawj cov khoom nyoos - nyuj mis nyuj - tau npaj hauv lub centrifuge, ua tiav qhov faib faib cov mis protein ntau.
- Pasteurization tau ua tiav hauv cov cuab yeej ntws ntawm 74 ° C, qhov xav tau acidity tau ua tiav - T18-21.
- Cov mis tau txias thiab tso rau hauv lub lauj kaub kom tiav, qhov twg cov kab mob pib ua kab lis kev cai (hom kev tsim cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab cov kab mob lactic acid) thiab calcium chloride tau qhia.
- Ntxiv mus, cov khoom siv raw li nruab nrab tau tso rau hauv lub tshuab ua kom tiav. Lub lauj kaub tais diav no tau qhib, txij li thaum npaj Ossetian cheese, cov mis nyuj curd tau tshuaj xyuas ib ntus rau tus kheej kom huv si. Thaum tag nrho cov txheej txheem, qhov ntsuas kub tas li raug tswj - 32-34 ° C.
- Tom qab tsim cov kale, txiav yog nqa tawm, qhov loj ntawm cov nplej nplej yog li 15 hli. Ua cov curd nplej - 2 qhuav nrog cua sov txog 38 ° C.
- Los ntawm tus neeg thauj khoom, cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau pub rau hauv lub rooj tso kua dej, thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem no tus kheej-nias tau ua tiav, thiab tom qab ntawd tsim ntau. Thaum lub sijhawm pub mis ntawm txheej raws cov tshuab thauj khoom thiab tso tawm raws li cov duab nrog cov npoo corrugated thiab nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, ua ntej nias yog nqa tawm.
- Lub taub hau tau raus rau hauv 22% brine nrog qhov kub ntawm 10-12 ° C, lub sijhawm ua cov txheej txheem yog 4-5 hnub. Qhuav rau 24-48 teev ntawm lub rooj tso dej.
- Ua ntej rau cov txheej txheem no, daim ntawv qhia ua Ossetian cheese tsis yog nyob ntawm seb hom kev xa khoom li cas. Tab sis yog tias nws tau npaj los tso cov tub ntxhais hluas, tom qab ntawd lub sijhawm fermentation hauv brine tsis ntev dua 5-6 hnub. Cov laus cheese tau ntsev rau 20 hnub, tswj qhov kub ntawm cov dej qab zib ntawm 8-12 ° C, thiab kev mloog zoo-18-20%. Tom qab ntawd txhua lub taub hau tau cim thiab tsis ntim rau hauv cov thoob nrog qis dua ntawm cov dej qab zib. Thaum sau, lub taub hau raug muab tso rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev ntim nrog brine.
Yuav luag txhua tsev neeg Ossetian tau txais nws tus kheej qhov zais cia ntawm yuav ua li cas thiaj ua Ossetian cheese nrog qhov tshwj xeeb saj. Feem ntau, cov khoom noj sib xyaw ua ke - yaj lossis ntau zaus tshis ntxiv rau cov kua mis; muab qhov tshwj xeeb saj, siv tshuaj ntsuab lossis txuj lom; sim nrog hom kab mob.
Daim ntawv qhia ib qib zuj zus ua Ossetian cheese hauv tsev
- Cov mis nyuj tag nrho, tsis muab pasteurized, 3.5 litres ntawm cov ntsiab lus rog tau sov kom sov txog 28-30 ° C, kua mis curdled ntxiv, 1 khob. Dilute coagulant (Abomin lub ntsiav tshuaj, Acidin-Pepsin lossis Rennet) hauv 50 ml dej rhaub, ncuav nws rau hauv mis thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw sov, yav tas los qhwv lub lauj kaub hauv daim pam.
- Kev tsim Cala tuaj yeem siv sijhawm 40 feeb mus rau ib teev. Lawv pib txiav cov curd thaum, thaum nias nrog rab diav, cov xim daj daj nrog cov xim ntsuab tshwm. Yog tias xim ntawm cov kua yog ntsuab, saj ntawm Ossetian cheese yuav qaub heev. Kev pom ntau dhau tsis pom zoo.
- Kale raug txiav ua ntej kab rov tav thiab tom qab ntawd ntsug. Qhov loj ntawm cov npoo ntawm daim yog 3-4 cm. Tsis txhob tso cov porridge thaum sib tov.
- Ua kom sov li 38 ° C thiab do. Cov curd loj yuav tsum txiav txim 2 zaug, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm yog 15 feeb.
- Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau sau los ntawm txhais tes, nyem thiab muab tso rau hauv lub colander npog nrog cov ntaub qhwv kom cais cov kua. Lawv tau tamped, compacted, thiab tom qab ntawd xa mus rau cov pwm nrog qhov.
- Thaum ua Ossetian cheese raws li daim ntawv qhia no hauv tsev, tsis siv tus kheej nias. Txog kev ntim khoom, khoov qhov hnyav li 2-3 kg raug teeb tsa rau saum taub hau. Tom qab 2 teev, nws tau tig dua thiab nias txuas ntxiv rau tib lub sijhawm.
- Salting yog feem ntau nqa tawm qhuav, txhuam saum npoo nrog ntxhib ntsev. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom tiav tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub taub ntim thiab muab tso rau hauv lub tub yees. Koj tuaj yeem saj nws tam sim. Los ntawm 3.5 liv mis nyuj, 600-700 g ntawm cov khoom kawg tau txais.
Qhov no tsis yog tib txoj hauv kev los ua tsev Ossetian cheese. Yog tias koj npaj yuav siv nws ua cov ncuav rau pies, koj tuaj yeem siv lwm daim ntawv qhia. Rau kev zom sai dua, kefir thiab pepsin tau siv. Cov mis nyuj sov kom txog 32 ° C, kefir tau nchuav ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd pepsin. Lub lauj kaub tsis raug tshem tawm los ntawm tshav kub, tsuas yog hluav taws kub muffled thiaj li tsis ua kom sov dhau mus txog thaum cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo curd. Sai li cov kale dhau los ua ywj ywj, nws tau zom nrog rab diav, nplawm tas li, thiab tawm mus kom txog thaum cov nplej nplej sib xyaw los ntawm kev tshem lub lauj kaub los ntawm tshav kub. Tshem cov whey kom nws npog me ntsis saum npoo, thiab teeb lub lauj kaub rau hauv dej da dej rau 10-15 feeb. Cov ntsiab lus tau ua kom sov txog 35-37 ° C txhawm rau kaw qhov sib xws. Pov cov cheese loj rau hauv lub colander, lim tawm cov whey, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov nws mus rau pwm, sib xyaw nrog me ntsis ntsev. Nyem cov curd los ntawm txhais tes. Tawm rau 1-2 teev, tig dua thiab nias. Cov cheese no tuaj yeem siv ua txhaws rau cov khoom ci.
Txhawm rau npaj Ossetian cheese, zoo li hauv Ossetia, salting yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv brine. Nws qhov ntom tau txheeb xyuas raws li hauv qab no: ntsev tau yaj hauv dej rhaub kom 40 ° C, thiab qe nyoos tau qis dua. Yog tias nws ntab ze ntawm qhov chaw, muaj ntsev txaus.
Cov dej qab zib tau nchuav rau hauv lub taub ntim thiab lub taub hau qis dua nyob ntawd. Duration ntawm salting yog 3-5 hnub. Cov dej qab zib no haum rau khaws cia. Hauv qhov no, cov khoom tau khaws cia rau 10-20 hnub, tab sis cov saj hloov pauv - nws dhau los ua ntau dua, qab ntsev. Tab sis qhov no yog qhov tseeb dab tsi tiag tiag pickled Ossetian cheese yog. Hauv nws lub tebchaws me, nws tau muab tso rau hauv cov thoob tshwj xeeb - Migans, 30-50 lub taub hau txhua qhov, uas lawv ntab dawb. Thiab ua ntej siv, lawv tau ntxuav nrog dej ntws thiab qhuav.
Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov saj ntawm Ossetian cheese ua ntej tso rau hauv cov duab, cov curd loj tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog qhuav dill, zaub txhwb qaib, qej lossis lwm yam tshuaj ntsuab. Cov zaub ntsuab tsis tau ntxiv, vim tias yog tias tsis tau noj tom qab 2-3 hnub, qhov tsis txaus siab yuav tshwm sim.
Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntsiab lus calorie ntawm Ossetian cheese
Hauv daim duab Ossetian cheese
Cov khoom no yog ntuj tsim kiag li - tsis muaj cov khoom xyaw los ntawm pab pawg GMO, tsis muaj tshuaj ntxiv. Tus nqi zog nyob ntawm qhov khoom noj khoom haus zoo. Yog siv cov kua mis yaj yaj, nws siab dua, mis nyuj qis dua.
Cov ntsiab lus calorie ntawm Ossetian cheese yog 240-350 kcal ib 100 grams, ntawm uas
- Protein - 26 g;
- Rog - 26.5 g;
- Cov carbohydrates - 3.5 g.
Cov vitamins rau 100 g
- Vitamin A - 0.4 mg;
- Vitamin B3 (PP) - 0.2 mg;
- Vitamin A (sib npaug retinol) - 400 mcg;
- Vitamin B1 (thiamine) - 0.03 mg;
- Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) - 0.3 mg;
- Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) - 0.1 mg;
- Vitamin B9 (folic acid) - 19 mcg;
- Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) 1.4 mcg;
- Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) - 2,8 mg;
- Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) 0.3 mg
- Vitamin PP (sib npaug niacin) - 4.516 mg.
Minerals ib 100 g
- Hlau - 0.9 mg;
- Zinc - 4 mg;
- Tooj liab - 70 mcg;
- Manganese - 0.1 mg;
- Phosphorus - 540 mg;
- Potassium - 100 mg;
- Sodium - 860 mg;
- Magnesium - 50 mg;
- Calcium - 1005 mg.
Cov roj (cholesterol) hauv 100 g - 89 mg.
Tab sis qhov no tsis yog tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Ossetian cheese. Nws muaj 10 qhov tseem ceeb amino acids nrog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm leucine, lysine thiab valine, ntxiv rau 8 qhov tseem ceeb - feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov glutamic acid, proline thiab serine.
Cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm Ossetian cheese hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub cev yog vim tsis yog kom muaj cov vitamins sib xyaw thiab cov ntxhia ua kom yooj yim, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov rog.
Ntawm cov kua qaub, palmitic acid muaj feem ntau, txhawb kev tsim cov collagen, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, nrog qhov muaj ntau dhau, nws txo cov calcium nqus; thiab myristic, uas nce qib roj cholesterol. Monounsaturated fatty acids yog siab hauv omega-9, uas ua rau cov ntshav qab zib qis thiab nce macrophage ntau lawm, tab sis thaum siv ntau dhau, ua rau hnyav nce sai.
Txhua hnub ntawm Ossetian cheese rau cov neeg noj qab haus huv yuav tsum tau txwv rau 60-80 g.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Ossetian cheese
Mature hlau qaib los ntawm yaj thiab mis tshis muaj qhov tsawg ntawm casein, thiab hauv qhov me me nws tuaj yeem siv tau los ntawm cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov protein protein tsis txaus. Ua tsaug rau ntau yam no, koj tuaj yeem rov ua cov vitamins thiab ntxhia tau sai.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Ossetian cheese
- Ua kom lub plawv sib luag, txo qhov permeability ntawm cov hlab ntsha phab ntsa.
- Ua kom muaj protein ntau ntau ntxiv, ua kom cov leeg nqaij nce ntxiv.
- Tiv thaiv kev txhim kho kev mob pob txha, ntxiv dag zog rau cov pob txha thiab cov hniav, txhim kho cov ntsia hlau thiab plaub hau zoo.
- Ua kom nrawm ntawm epithelialization ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Pab kom tshem ntawm insomnia, rov zoo los ntawm kev ua kom lub cev thiab lub paj hlwb muaj zog.
- Nws muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov muag pom.
- Ua kom nrawm dua ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm lwm yam thiab cov lus teb.
Cov menyuam yaus cheese, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua hauv tsev, nrog me ntsis ntsev tsim cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hnyuv hnyuv - bifidobacteria thiab lactobacilli. Qhov no ua rau kom muaj kev tiv thaiv dav dav thiab txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm ARVI thaum lub caij muaj mob sib kis. Cov khoom lag luam no tau pom zoo los qhia ua ntu zus mus rau kev noj zaub mov noj ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, kab mob hauv lub ntsws, ua pob txha ntau zaus thiab tom qab ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev pob txha.
Daim ntawv qhia Ossetian cheese
Qhov ntau yam no tuaj yeem siv ua khoom qab zib rau cov cawv txiv hmab hauv tsev, noj ntawm nws tus kheej nrog cov qhob cij rye lossis cov ncuav ci tshiab. Nws tau qhia rau hauv cov zaub xam lav thiab casseroles, tab sis feem ntau nws tau siv los ua txhaws rau cov tais diav hauv tebchaws uas nrov heev - Ossetian pies.
Daim ntawv qhia nrog Ossetian cheese:
- Tso ncuav qab zib … Ua ntej, lawv ua khob noom cookie hu ua jan. Sib tov hauv 1 tsp. poov, qab zib thiab hmoov, diluted nrog 50 ml ntawm cov dej sov rhaub. Tawm rau 10 feeb hauv qhov chaw sov, nyiam dua hauv qab lub hau, thiab tom qab ntawd ncuav nws mus rau hauv cov hmoov nplej sifted, ntxiv thiab ntxiv 0.5 khob mis sov sov thiab 2 tbsp. l. txiv roj roj. Tus nqi ntawm cov hmoov tau txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov zoo ntawm lub khob noom cookie: nws yuav tsum mos thiab tsis nplaum heev. Cia kom sawv rau 2-3 teev, tsoo 1-2 zaug. Thaum lub kneading tab tom los, lawv tsis khoom nrog sau: cov tub hluas beet saum, dill, parsley thiab dos ntsuab raug txiav thiab sib xyaw. Lub khob noom cookie tau muab faib ua 3 ntu, dov rau hauv cov ncuav ci. Chopped cheese thiab me ntsis ntsev yog tov rau hauv qhov txhaws. Yav dhau los, qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav, txwv tsis pub cov kua txiv yuav pib sawv tawm. Muab cov txhauv tso rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm txhua lub ncuav mog qab zib, kaw cov ntug, thiab tom qab ntawd yob nws dua. Ci ntawm daim ntawv ci greased nrog roj zaub ntawm 200 ° C kom txog thaum Golden xim av. Lub ncuav mog qab zib tiav yog greased nrog butter.
- Fried Ossetian cheese … Qhov no yog khoom noj txom ncauj yooj yim heev. Yeej 1-2 qe, npaj cov hmoov nplej lossis qhob cij ua ntej, nchuav rau saum lub rooj txiav. Hlau tsykht tau txiav rau hauv daim ntawm ib qho twg, tab sis tsis nyias, yog li tsis txhob yaj. Txiav cov hlais ntawm rab diav rawg, muab lawv tso rau hauv lub qe ua ntej, tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv lub khob cij - kev rov ua dua 3-4 zaug. Deep-kib kom txog thaum Golden xim av. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tshem tawm cov rog ntau dhau nrog daim ntawv so tes ua ntej siv.
- Lavash nrog Ossetian cheese … Koj tuaj yeem ua cov khoom noj txom ncauj sai los ntawm kev sib tov zaub ntsuab thiab tshiab txhoov paj npleg hlau paj npleg. Qhov txhaws yog qhwv hauv pita qhob cij, zoo li pancake, thiab ua kom sov ua ntej ua haujlwm. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov saj, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv kua txob, ntxiv mayonnaise lossis kua txiv qaub, grated boiled qe. Tab sis ib lub tais nrog Ossetian cheese yuav qab dua yog tias ci hauv qhov cub. Sib tov qhov ntim: ntaus qe, kefir thiab txiv ntseej (roj paj noob hlis). Cov ntawv ntawm pita qhob cij, 3-4, tau muab tso rau hauv lub pwm kom cov npoo dai, txhua tus tau greased nrog nchuav thiab nphoo nrog ib feem ntawm qhov txhaws. Sab hauv, cov npoo ntawm daim ntawv nruab nrab tau muab tais tom qab sau, thiab sab saum toj ntawm lub ncuav mog qab zib tau tsim los ntawm qhov kawg thiab hauv qab. Sprinkle nrog cov noob hnav thiab ci rau 15 feeb ntawm 180-200 ° C.
- Ossetian cheese zaub xam lav … Hauv ib lub tais zaub xam lav, txiav cov txiv lws suav, cov dos, cov dos ntsuab (lossis cov paj liab), cov kua txob qab zib, cov zaub txhwb qaib thiab cov hauv paus ntawm cov hlau tsykht siav. Lub caij nrog cov roj mustard. Yog tias cov khoom qab zib fermented tau siav, nrog cov ntsev ntau, tom qab ntawd cov khoom lag luam hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua ke nrog nws: txiv lws suav txiv lws suav, txiav ib nrab, arugula, haus mis nyuj los yog nqaij npua, hau qe, zaub ntsuab. Hnav khaub ncaws - balsamic vinegar. Koj tuaj yeem sim nrog cov khoom xyaw kom haum rau koj tus kheej.
Ossetian cheese tau khaws cia zoo li feem ntau cov khoom qab zib fermented - hauv parchment lossis ntim nruj, tab sis tsis pub dhau 3-5 hnub. Yog tias koj tau yuav lossis ua ntau, "rau yav tom ntej siv", tom qab ntawd nws zoo dua los sau nws nrog cov ntsev. Raws li tau hais los lawm, qhov no yog li cas cov khoom qub raug cawm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj hauv nws lub tebchaws me rau 1, 5-2 xyoo.
Nco tseg! Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob sim hloov cov khoom rennet hauv cov zaub mov txawv nrog cov cheese hauv tsev yooj yim - hauv cov zaub xam lav nws yuav tsis khaws nws cov duab, tab sis raws li kev ntim rau ci nws ntau dua.
Cov lus tseeb nthuav txog Ossetian cheese
Cov keeb kwm ntawm ntau yam no yog qhov qub heev. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, cov neeg yug yaj uas saib xyuas pab tsiaj hauv roob tau txais daim ntawv qhia los ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog Scythian nomads. Txog thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, qhov ntau yam no tau tsim hauv cov neeg ua liaj ua teb nkaus xwb.
Cov khoom qab tshaj plaws yog tsim los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Trusovsky, Tsonsky, Chesetelsky, Khilaksky thiab Narsky gorges. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb microclimate thiab xwm txheej ntuj - dej huv nrog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm manganese thiab magnesium, nplua nuj hauv tshuaj ntsuab thiab huab cua saum roob.
Txog rau xyoo 1900, 6 poods ntawm Ossetian cheese tau muab txhua xyoo rau cov nroog hauv Georgia hla Tskhinvali, thiab nws raug nqi 5-6 rubles rau 1 pood (16 kg). Thiab twb nyob rau xyoo 1928 hauv cov zos Ribis, Ertso thiab Tson, hauv Kudar koog hav zoov, thawj lub tsev teev ntuj tau teeb tsa. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv tsis siv tshis thiab yaj mis nyuj, hloov nws nrog nyuj, ntxiv rau, pasteurized. Yog li ntawd, lub taub hau ua hauv cov chaw tsim khoom tsis zoo li cov khoom ua liaj ua teb.
Qhov sib piv ntawm Ossetian cheese yog feta cheese, chkinti lossis imeruli kveli (Imeretian lossis Georgian cheese), mozzarella, Italian feta. Kev ua noj ua haus thev naus laus zis sib txawv me ntsis: kev ua cov khoom siv raw, cua sov kub, yam pib kev coj noj coj ua thiab lub sijhawm ripening. Koj tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm Ossetian cheese hauv daim duab los ntawm cov khoom qab zib fermented zoo ib yam li nws hauv kev txiav. Cheese yog tuab, rennet-brine cheese "carved", muaj ntau lub qhov muag, thiab mozzarella muaj txheej txheem txheej. Tab sis kom nkag siab tias yam twg tau muab los sim, tsuas yog cov kws paub dhau los tuaj yeem ua tau.
Saib cov vis dis aus hais txog Ossetian cheese:
