Fontina cheese: kev npaj thiab zaub mov txawv

2024 Tus sau: Arianna Cook | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-12 18:14

Kev piav qhia ntawm Fontina cheese thiab ua noj ua haus. Cov ntsiab lus calorie, muaj pes tsawg leeg, txiaj ntsig, contraindications rau siv. Cov zaub mov txawv rau cov tais diav thiab keeb kwm ntawm qhov tsos ntawm ntau yam.

Fontina yog Italian ib nrab nyuaj cheese ua los ntawm nyuj nyoos mis nyuj. Qhov kev ntxhib los mos yog denser thaum nws paub tab. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj cov lej me me ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev nruab nrab qhov muag, xim - los ntawm "noble" kaus ntxhw mus rau straw. Cov aroma yog nplua nuj, cheese-ntsim, saj yog qab zib, creamy-nutty. Hauv cov menyuam yaus cheese, cov txuj lom tsis tshua pom tau. Lub taub hau yog cylindrical, nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 35-40 cm thiab qhov siab ntawm 8-10 cm, hnyav los ntawm 6 txog 18 kg. Cov tawv nqaij yog ntuj, lub teeb lossis tsaus xim av.

Fontina cheese ua li cas?

Txhawm rau npaj cov khoom lag luam qub raws li daim ntawv qhia ib txwm muaj, noj 1 lub mis ua kua mis. Tab sis vim tias cov chaw tsim khoom noj khoom haus tsim cov khoom no ntau hauv ntau (txog 700 daim hauv ib xyoos), cov cai no feem ntau tsis quav ntsej thiab cov mis tau sau los ntawm 2 lossis txawm tias 3 mis mis nyuj. Tab sis nco ntsoov noj cov mis nyuj tshiab - tsis pub dhau 2 teev tom qab pub mis, thiab tsuas yog los ntawm nyuj ntawm cov tsiaj liab (Valdostan lossis Valdostanki). Txhawm rau kom tau 1 kg ntawm cov khoom kawg, koj xav tau 10 liv ntawm cov khoom siv raw.

Yuav ua li cas Fontina cheese ua:

• Kev kho cua sov yog ua tiav ntawm 36 ° C, khaws cia rau 2-3 teev.
• Nyob rau tib qhov kub, tsis muaj cua txias, mesophilic kab lis kev cai tau nchuav rau hauv thiab curdled nrog rennet los ntawm lub plab ntawm tus menyuam mos menyuam mos. Calcium chloride yog siv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
• Tom qab cov kale tuab tau tsim, nws tau txiav rau hauv cov nplej loj ntawm pob kws.
• Tshav kub maj mam mus rau 45-48 ° C. Cheesemakers txiav txim los ntawm lub qhov muag thaum cov whey dhau los ua pob tshab, thiab sib tov cov nplej kom txog thaum lawv tau txais cov duab puag ncig. Tom qab ntawd cov ntaub ntawv raw khoom nruab nrab yog sab laug kom so - rau 10-15 feeb, yog li cov curd loj tau daws.
• Rau coagulation, tsuas yog siv cov tooj liab tooj liab, txwv tsis pub nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm los ua noj Fontina cheese, zoo li hauv daim ntawv qhia thawj. Hauv cov chaw tsim khoom siv mis, ntim cov hlau tau siv, tab sis lawv sim npog lawv nrog tooj liab tsawg kawg los ntawm sab hauv. Qhov no nce tus nqi ntawm cov khoom kawg.
• Txhawm rau nias, cov cheese loj tau nteg tawm hauv cov pwm uas npog nrog cov ntaub cheese hauv ob peb txheej. Nws yuav tsum tau ua kom huv si kom tau txais cov tawv nqaij du.
• Lub teeb nyem los tsim lub taub hau kav 15 feeb, thiab lub ntsiab tseem ceeb - 24 teev. Qhov hnyav ntawm kev tsim txom tau nce mus rau 8 kg rau 1 kg ntawm cheese. Cov pwm tau hloov pauv txhua txhua 2 teev.
• Tom qab nias, cim tau ua tiav: lub npe ntawm casein tau thov rau saum taub hau, yav tom ntej nws yuav dhau los ua ib feem ntawm cov tawv nqaij. Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd salting yog nqa tawm hauv 20% brine ntawm cov kua kub ntawm 12-13 ° C.
• Dhau cov cheese hauv brine rau 24 teev, tig rov tom qab 12.

Kev loj hlob tshwm sim hauv ntuj grottoes nrog microclimate tas li: kub - 10-13 ° C, av noo - 90%. Koj yuav tsum nqes mus rau hauv lub qhov tsua thawj 2 lub lis piam, 2 zaug hauv ib hnub, los so cov tawv nqaij nrog cov ntaub mos muag dipped hauv cov dej qab ntsev, thiab rau lwm lub hlis - ib zaug txhua 2 hnub. Kev ua tiav ntxiv yog ua tiav raws li xav tau. Thaum ua Fontina cheese hauv tsev, cov xwm txheej zoo li no tau tsim hauv chav tshwj xeeb.

Koj tuaj yeem saj nws tsis ntxov dua 80 hnub tom qab. Yog lawm, yog tias koj xav tau, txiav tawm ib daim ua ntej, tab sis tom qab ntawv cov ntxhia tau ntub thiab qhov saj tsis txaus ntseeg. Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas, nws tuaj yeem piv rau paj rwb nrog saj ntawm cov nceb nceb. Yog tias koj siv koj lub sijhawm, koj yuav tsis ntsib kev poob siab. Fab Kis nyiam hnub nyoog laus dua 12-14 hlis.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntsiab lus calorie ntawm Fontina cheese

Cov rog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv mis nyuj nyoos yog kwv yees li ntawm 45-47%. Raws li lub cev muaj hnub nyoog, lipid-carbohydrate piv hloov raws li ya raws evaporates thiab kev ntxhib los mos thickens.

Cov ntsiab lus calorie ntawm Fontina cheese yog 343-389 kcal rau 100 g, ntawm uas:

• Cov protein - 25.6 g;
• Rog - 31.1 g;
• Cov carbohydrates - 1.6 g.

Cov vitamins rau 100 g:

• Retinol - 0.258 mg;
• Beta Carotene - 0.032 mg;
• Vitamin B1, thiamine - 0.021 mg;
• Vitamin B2, riboflavin - 0.204 mg;
• Vitamin B4, choline - 15.4 mg;
• Vitamin B5, pantothenic acid - 0.429 mg;
• Vitamin B6, pyridoxine - 0.083 mg;
• Vitamin E, alpha tocopherol - 0.27 mg;
• Vitamin PP - 0.15 mg.

Macronutrients rau 100 g:

• Potassium, K - 64 mg;
• Calcium, Ca - 550 mg;
• Magnesium, Mg - 14 mg;
• Sodium, Na - 800 mg;
• Phosphorus, P - 346 mg.

Microelements rau 100 g:

• Hlau, Fe - 0.23 mg;
• Manganese, Mn - 0.014 mg;
• Tooj liab, Cu - 25 μg;
• Selenium, Se - 14.5 μg;
• Zinc, Zn - 3.5 mg.

Phenylalanine, leucine thiab valine feem ntau ntawm cov amino acids tseem ceeb; ntawm qhov tsis tseem ceeb yog glutamic acid, proline thiab tyrosine.

Cov rog ib 100 g:

• Omega -3 - 0.79 g;
• Omega -6 - 0.864 g;
• Cov roj (cholesterol) - 116 mg rau 100 g.

Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias muaj lwm qhov sib xyaw hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm Fontina cheese, uas tsim nyog los tswj kev noj qab haus huv tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg lub cev: monounsaturated, saturated thiab polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Txawm hais tias nws muaj tus nqi noj haus zoo, cov khoom no feem ntau suav nrog cov zaub mov poob phaus kom tswj tau lub cev cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig thiab lub zog tseg. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau vim muaj qhov sib luag ntawm cov as -ham thiab yooj yim zom cov protein cov mis. Lub nra ntawm lub plab zom mov tsis nce, tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv cov txheej txheem hloov pauv tsis tseem ceeb.

Cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm Fontina cheese

Yog tias koj suav qhov ntau yam no hauv cov ntawv qhia txhua hnub tsawg kawg 5 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam, koj tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv. Nws muaj cov tshuaj calcium ntau. Qhov zoo ntawm cov plaub hau thiab rau tes txhim kho, kev rov tsim dua ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg epithelial tau nrawm dua.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Fontina cheese:

1. Cov dej num tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob lactic acid ua rau cov hnyuv me nce ntxiv, kev nqus ntawm cov as -ham nce.
2. Thaum txav mus raws txoj hnyuv, nws tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm cov hnoos qeev, uas txo qis kev txhoj puab heev ntawm cov kua txiv zom.
3. Txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim neoplasms raug txo qis.
4. Ua kom cov txheej txheem kho kom zoo ntawm qhov txhab thiab raug mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov hnoos qeev.
5. Nres kev hloov pauv ntsig txog hnub nyoog, txo cov xim xim, ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
6. Tiv thaiv kev mob pob txha thiab degenerative-dystrophic hloov pauv hauv cov hlab ntsha, pob txha mos thiab cov nqaij pob txha.
7. Txo cov qib roj "phem".
8. Nres kev poob dej, uas txhim kho cov tawv nqaij.
9. Muaj qhov ua kom zoo, txhawb kev tsim cov serotonin.

Tsis muaj qhov txwv tsis pub cuam tshuam txog hnub nyoog rau kev qhia cov khoom no rau hauv kev noj haus.

Kev noj zaub mov mono ntau yam pab koj poob 4 kg hauv 5 hnub. Lub sijhawm no, cov ntawv qhia txhua hnub suav nrog 100 g ntawm cheese, 200 g ntawm tsev cheese muaj roj tsawg, 1 khob kefir lossis yogurt thiab txog li 2 liv dej ntshiab lossis tshuaj yej ntsuab. Lub cev khaws cia cov as -ham tsis ploj.

Contraindications thiab raug mob ntawm Fontina cheese

Txij li cov khoom siv raw yog mis nyuj nyoos, koj yuav tsum tsuas yog yuav los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom muaj npe nrov. Vim qhov tseeb tias kev kho cua sov tsis ua tiav, yog tias ua txhaum kev cia lossis thauj mus los, cov kab mob me me tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau, uas txo cov haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm fermentation. Hauv cov neeg uas muaj kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog, menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos, cov neeg laus thiab poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub thiab pub niam mis, dysbiosis lossis teeb meem plab zom mov tuaj yeem tsim.

Fontina cheese tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij yog tias koj ua xua rau cov protein ntau hauv mis lossis kab lis kev cai thermophilic. Tsis txhob tsim txom cov khoom no rau kev rog, mob pancreatitis ntev, mob siab.

Cov salinity ntawm ntau yam yog qhov tsawg, yog li ntawd, thaum muaj kab mob hauv lub raum, tsis xav tau kev cais cais tawm. Nws yog qhov txaus los txwv qhov feem niaj hnub rau 30 g.

Fontina cheese zaub mov txawv

Qhov saj ntawm cov khoom qab zib fermented ua ke nrog ua kom muaj zog thiab qhuav liab cawv. Vim tias nws cov ntsiab lus qis qis, ntau yam yog siv los ua fondues, ravioli, pasta sauce, polenta, thiab mashed soups.

Daim ntawv qhia Fontina cheese:

• Ci fondue … Lub qhov cub yog rhuab mus rau 200 ° C. Grind 100 g ntawm Parmesan, Fontin thiab Azizago, sib tov nrog 250 g ntawm cream cheese. Fry 1 loj liab tswb kua txob hauv butter, txiav rau hauv plaub fab, ntxiv rau cheese, thiab xim av 100 g ntawm nqaij npuas kib hauv tib lub lauj kaub rau 3 feeb. Txhua yam tau sib xyaw, hloov mus rau lub pwm silicone lossis lub lauj kaub av nplaum thiab nphoo nrog kua txob dub. Ci rau 25-30 feeb.
• Mushroom nrog cheese … Champignons yog finely tws, kib nyob rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub, seasoning nrog dos, ntsev thiab kua txob. Thaum cov nceb npaj txhij, ntxiv cov tshuaj ntsuab thiab grated Fortin cheese rau lawv, thiab thaum nws yaj, tshem lub lauj kaub los ntawm tshav kub. Cov zaub mov tau sov.
• Cheese pesto qhaub cij … Ua ntej, npaj cov ntses. Muab 1 clove ntawm qej rau hauv lub tais sib tov, ib pawg ntawm mint, zaub txhwb qaib thiab zaub basil, 1 dos nrog cov plaub yaig. Maj mam ncuav rau hauv cov txiv ntseej roj (120 g) kom txog thaum tau txais homogeneous sib xws, ntxiv 2 tbsp. l. grated Parmesan. Cov qhob cij dawb tau muab tso rau hauv lub tshuab ua qhaub cij. Ntawm ib sab tes, lawv tau greased nrog cov ntses, thiab 1 daim Fontin tau muab tso rau saum. Muab tso rau hauv lub lauj kaub qhuav thiab npog, ua kom sov qis kom txog thaum cov cheese yaj. Sprinkle lub toasted qhob cij nrog tshuaj ntsuab thiab kis rau hauv 2 txheej.
• Cheese pob tawb … Preheat qhov cub kom sov li ntawm 170-175 ° C. Ib me me butternut squash yog tev thiab txiav mus rau hauv nyias slices. Ci, kis tawm hauv ib txheej ntawm daim ntawv ci, greased nrog butter, kom txog thaum lawv muag. Rau qhov ua kom tiav, sib tov 500 g grated Fontin, 1 qe qaib thiab 1 tbsp. l. qhuav oregano. Hauv ib lub lauj kaub frying, hauv butter, kib 1/2 tsp. flakes ntawm kua txob liab thiab 2 pinched qej cloves. Sai li qhov hnov qab zoo li tshwm, nthuav tawm 200 g ntawm cov zaub ntsuab tshiab thiab stew kom txog thaum nws dhau los ua kev sib tw. Ncuav 1 tbsp rau hauv spinach. l. sage, ncuav nyob rau hauv 400 ml ntawm mis nyuj, coj mus rau ib tug boil thiab do kom txog thaum cov kua evaporates los ntawm 1/3. Txhawm rau ua cov pob tawb, grease cov muffin pwm nrog butter, kis cov taub taub rau hauv qab. Sab saum toj nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov zaub ntsuab, ntxiv rau nws grated Fontina lossis Ricotta cheese. Sprinkle nrog mis qej ntses, thiab tom qab ntawd nteg tawm daim thib ob ntawm taub dag. Sprinkle ntawm Fontin dua thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov cub. Thaum cov cheese tab tom yaj, cov nplooj sage tshiab tau maj mam kib hauv cov txiv ntseej. Txaus 30 vib nas this. Npog nrog daim phuam ntawv. Cov pob tawb tiav tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ci sage thiab nphoo nrog nutmeg.
• Risotto 4 cheese … Ib nrab ntawm lub taub hau ntawm cov dos yog sautéed hauv lub lauj kaub rau 30 g ntawm butter, nplawm tas li kom nws tsis muaj sijhawm kib thiab xim av. Ncuav 350 g ntawm carnaroli mov thiab txuas ntxiv mus kom txog thaum cov nplej dhau los ua pob tshab. Ncuav rau hauv 600 ml ntawm cov nqaij qaib ua kom npau npau, tos kom txog thaum nws evaporates, thiab txuas ntxiv ntxiv cov kua zaub me ntsis - ib yam nkaus. Ncuav 40 g ntawm Fontin thiab Emmental, 150 g ntawm Grana Padano thiab me ntsis, 20-30 g ntawm Gorgonzola. Ntsev, nyiam dua nrog ntsev hiav txwv, kua txob, ntxiv 30 g ntawm butter thiab tshuaj ntsuab tshiab, cia sawv ntsug qis dua li 5 feeb. Ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug skillet los yog nyob rau hauv preheated daim hlau.

Saib kuj cov zaub mov txawv nrog Graviera cheese.

Cov lus tseeb nthuav txog Fontina cheese

Keeb kwm ntawm ntau yam tuaj yeem sau hnub rov qab mus rau XII-XIV caug xyoo. Cheese mis nyuj nrog lub taub hau raug ntes ntawm lub fresco ntawm lub tsev fuabtais qub hauv Issogne hauv cheeb tsam Valle d'Aosta. Cov tswv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais hais txog keeb kwm qub qub ntawm cov cuab yeej. Tab sis thawj cov lus hais txog hnub rov qab mus rau 1477, uas yog, xyoo pua 15th. Nws yog thaum ntawd Fontina cheese tau hais hauv kev kho mob ntawm cheese - nws tau tsim los ntawm Pantaleone da Confienza, kws kho mob los ntawm kev tshaj lij.

Cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tuaj yeem pom zoo tsis yog lub sijhawm ntawm keeb kwm ntawm ntau yam, tab sis kuj yuav ua li cas lub npe tau tshwm sim. Kev ntseeg ntau ntseeg tias daim ntawv qhia tau tsim los ntawm tus poj niam thiab hu nws los ntawm nws tus kheej lub npe, lossis tus tsim cov cheese tau mob siab rau qhov saj tshiab rau nws tus hlub. Qhov tseeb dua yog paub tseeb tias cov cheese tau ua thawj zaug hauv lub zos ntawm tib lub npe. Muaj lwm qhov ntxiv uas lub npe cuam tshuam ib qho ntawm cov khoom sib txawv: "fontino" los ntawm Italis "yaj".

Cov ntaub ntawv hloov tshiab tau tshwm sim hauv 1887, thaum ntau yam nkag mus rau hauv cov ntawv teev cov cheese, uas twb tau piav qhia txog daim ntawv qhia ua nws. Kev faib npe tshiab tau ua tiav hauv 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum los ntawm Ministry of Agriculture thiab Forestry. Xyoo 1957, daim ntawv qhia kev tsim khoom tau raug patented, tom qab ntawd cov zis tau nce mus rau 300 txhiab lub taub hau hauv ib xyoos. Cov khoom tau tsim rau kev xa tawm. Txog thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, European Union tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau yam nrog DOP - Kev Tiv Thaiv Npe ntawm Cov Ntawv Pov Thawj Keeb Kwm, tom qab ntawd cov ntawv tau nce ntxiv.

Fontina yog cheese uas tuaj yeem yuav thoob plaws hauv CIS qub thiab tsis yog hauv cov nroog loj xwb, tabsis tseem nyob hauv cov khw loj hauv cov chaw hauv cheeb tsam. Tab sis tsis muaj kev lees paub tias koj yuav tuaj yeem sim cov khoom qub. Fontina cheese yog tsim los ntawm Swedes, Danes thiab txawm yog neeg Asmeskas, uas tau lees paub yuav daim ntawv qhia. Hauv tebchaws Denmark thiab Sweden, daim tawv nqaij tau npog nrog cov ciab liab, tab sis Asmeskas cov kws ua cheese ua cov roj saum npoo ntawm lub taub hau thiab, txuas ntxiv lub neej txee, siv cov xim liab liab rau nws.

Nco tseg! Kev hloov pauv cim nrog "Fontella", "Fontal" lossis "Fontinella" cov npe tsis muaj DOP qeb thiab tsis muaj cov khoom qab zib thawj.

Saib cov vis dis aus hais txog Fontina cheese: